El perfil sociodemográfico del lector de libros en España (1975-2010)

The aim of this article is to define the socio-demographic features of the Spanish books readers’ and their changes from 1975 to 2010. Sufficiently resolved the problem of sources heterogeneity for a wide part of the period, the time series of books readers’ rates is defined and statistically modeled. The books readers’ rate longitudinal analysis by means of their socio-demographic features segmentation shows that typical profile of books reader in Spain has suffered a small structural variation, being the most notorious change that one related with the sex: whereas the profile of books reader in the beginning of the observed period was defined by a young man, student and graduated, nowadays it’s a woman with the same features.El propósito de este artículo es determinar las características sociodemográficas del lector de libros en España y su evolución durante el período 1975 a 2010. Solventado suficientemente el problema de la heterogeneidad de fuentes para una amplia parte del período, se define la serie cronológica de tasas de lectores de libros y se modeliza estadísticamente. El análisis longitudinal de la tasa de lectura mediante segmentación por características sociodemográficas de los lectores muestra que el perfil tipo del lector de libros en España ha experimentado una escasa variación estructural, siendo el cambio más notorio el relativo al sexo del mismo: si al comienzo del período considerado el perfil característico de lector de libros estaba definido por un hombre joven, estudiante y universitario, en la actualidad es el de una mujer con esas mismas características

Structural health monitoring based on principal component analysis: damage detection, localization and classification

Postprint (published version

Effect of DNA repair deficiencies on the cytotoxicity of resveratrol

Numerous preclinical studies have shown that the naturally-occurring polyphenol resveratrol may produce health-beneficial effects in a variety of disorders, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer, and cardiovascular diseases. Resveratrol has entered clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of several of these disorders. This polyphenol is also available in the market as a dietary supplement. Experimental data have shown, however, that resveratrol induces DNA damage in a variety of cells. Here we review such evidence and evaluate the cytotoxicity of resveratrol (MTT assay) in cells deficient in several major DNA repair pathways (i.e., homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and Fanconi anemia repair). Cells deficient in base excision repair (EM9), nucleotide excision repair (UV4 and UV5) and Fanconi Anemia (KO40) were slightly hypersensitive to resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity with respect to their parental cells (AA8). Our results suggest that these pathways may participate in the repair of the DNA damage induced by resveratrol and that deficiencies in these pathways may confer hypersensitivity to the genotoxic activity of this dietary constituen

Combined and I indices based on principal component analysis for damage detection and localization

In this paper, two indices (combined or phi index and I index), different to the presented in [1][2][3] are used to detect damages; these indices are calculated from the information obtained from the projection of the experiments into the PCA models (baseline). They give us a measurement about the difference between the tested and the healthy structure. The experiments are taken from an active piezoelectric system which is excited with lamb waves in different phases and the fact that any defect in the structure changes its vibrational response is exploited. For localization, five different methods of contribution analysis are used (complete decomposition contribution, partial decomposition contribution, angle based contribution, reconstruction based contribution and diagonal contribution). With these methods, the contribution of each sensor to each index is analyzed, in this way, sensor with largest contribution suggests the path where the damage could be located (from the actuator to this sensor). The combination of all indices and all contributions (a total of 2 x 5) are analyzed and compared. To validate the approaches, they are applied to an aircraft turbine blade instrumented with seven PZT’s. Different damages are simulated.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Reparación de un motor de combustión interna, alimentado por carburador. (Dentro de un prototipo de un vehículo híbrido)

Reparación de un motor de combustión interna, alimentado por carburador. (dentro del prototipo de un vehículo híbrido)La presente propuesta de investigación es acerca de la ¿REPARACIÓN DE UN MOTOR DE COMBUSTIÓN INTERNA, ALIMENTADO POR CARBURADOR. (DENTRO DEL PROTOTIPO DE UN VEHÍCULO HÍBRIDO).¿ El objeto de esta investigación constituye complementar el proceso: enseñanza-aprendizaje en la carrera de Ingeniería en Mantenimiento Automotriz en la F.E.C.Y.T. El diseño metodológico que se escogió; Es una investigación virtual y de campo de tipo descriptivo y práctico. Este proyecto tiene como objetivo visualizar todos los componentes de un prototipo hibrido que pueden ser manipulados para realizar comprobaciones de funcionamiento cuya intención es motivar el aprendizaje a base de estos sistemas de forma teórica-practica para mejorar el conocimiento; Formando parte de este proyecto, está el motor de combustión interna al cual mejoramos su rendimiento mediante una reparación total; Para lograr este objetivo se determinó los daños que presentaba dicho motor antes de empezar con su respectiva reparación, se hizo un estudio de mercado, esto permite un ahorro de recursos económicos. Una vez solucionado los inconvenientes que este motor presentaba, continuamos con la selección de repuestos mecánicos y el estudio de los mismos para su debido acople de funcionamiento, para finalizar con resultados positivos en nuestro proyecto de tesis. Se espera que esta tesis sea de utilidad para quienes deseen examinar con detalle los procesos de reparación que se llevó a cabo en este motor; Asegurando su funcionamiento en este prototipo. De esta manera lograremos ser más competitivos en el campo profesional y obtener una mayor valoración de esta rama del sabe

On the Effect of Radical Character, Substitution and Atom Encapsulation on the Volume of Icosahedral (Car) boranes1

By means of quantum-mechanical calculations, we study the influence of the charge, spin, substituents, and atom encapsulation on the volume of the cages in icosahedral boranes and carboranes B12H12 2–, CB11H12 –, o-C2B10H12, m- C2B10H12, p-C2B10H12 and 1,2-disubstituted o-C2B10H12.Monoradicals derived from hydrogen abstraction in o-C2B10H12, m-C2B10H12, p-C2B10H12 lead to slight cage contractions (|ΔV| < 0.1 Å3 ). On the other hand, 1,2-disubstitution in o-C2B10H12 and their dianions derived from double proton abstraction on the susbtituent, and {Li+, Be2+} atom encapsulation in B12H12 2–, CB11H12–, o-C2B10H12, m-C2B10H12, p-C2B10H12 always leads to a cage expansion, to a larger extent for endohedral compounds (ΔV ≈ 2 Å3 ) as compared to dianions derived from 1,2-disubstituted o-C2B10H12 (ΔV ≈ 1 Å3 ) and 1,2-disubstituted o-C2B10H12 (ΔV < 0.14 Å3 )

The Pedagogical Leadership of the Mathematics Faculty: A Systematic Review

Background: Research on educational leadership has transcended the international sphere. Numerous studies have been developed on this factor of educational improvement. Few is their number, contextualized in the mathematics area and specifically the teachers. Methods: This paper presents a systematic review that highlights the importance of school leadership and mathematics education, providing empirical evidence on the positive impact that the former has on the latter. The method has been adapted to the guidelines promulgated in the PRISMA declaration, to ensure its systematicity. Results: Regarding the results, most of the research included in this review has found positive leadership effects on teacher professionalism, teaching and learning processes, and student performance. Conclusions: As limitations, the prescriptive nature of legislation and organizational structures has been found, which impedes the implementation of more effective leadership modalities

Authoring Game-Based Adaptive Units of Learning with IMS Learning Design and <e-Adventure>

Burgos, D., Moreno-Ger, P., Sierra, J. L., Fernández Manjón, B., & Kooper, R. (2007). Authoring Game-Based Adaptive Units of Learning with IMS Learning Design and <e-Adventure>. International Journal of Learning Technology, 3(3), 252-268.Electronic games and simulations (eGames) are a valuable support for adaptive learning. This adaptation can be based on different inputs, such as the user´s performance, behaviour or cognitive load. Both adaptation and eGames can be modelled with IMS Learning Design or integrated from an external resource. In this article we show the relation between IMS Learning Design and the <e-Adventure> Project when it comes to authoring adaptive Units of Learning integrated with eGames. We first describe the challenges of this objective and the several different solutions on authoring and integration. We also describe the content-centered authoring approach in <e-Adventure>, and the need for a communication service with IMS LD that makes a bi-directional influence on the user’s adaptive learning experience. At the end, we describe a practical example that illustrates how an adaptive IMS LD Unit of Learning with an integrated <e-Adventure> eGame is developed.This paper is partially supported by the European projects TENCompetence (IST-TEL/2004-2.4.10, www.tencompetence.org) and ProLearn (IST 507310, www.prolearn-project.org), and the research group <e-Ucm> (www.e-ucm.es). The Education and Science Spanish Committee (projects MetaLearn TIN2004 08367 C02-02 and OdA Virtual TIN2005-08788-C04-01) and the Regional Government / Complutense University of Madrid (grant 4155/2005 and research group 910494) have also supported this work partially. Special thanks to Bruno Torijano Bueno for his participation in the creation and preliminary tests of the sample game

La atención a los enfermos terminales

Los continuos avances de la medicina han permitido en el último siglo obtener una impresionante mejora en las condiciones sanitarias de la especie humana. Sin embargo, en los países más desarrollados ese progreso está planteando desde hace algunas décadas nuevos problemas, entre otros, aquellos ligados a la atención que se ha de prestar a personas con pronóstico infausto en la última fase de su vida, período cuya frecuencia y persistencia está en directa relación con esos mismos avances técnicos. El Instituto andaluz de Criminología de la Universidad de Málaga ha financiado una investigación interdisciplinar en la que se han querido verificar las condiciones en que se produce en estos momentos la atención a los enfermos terminales en España. Los datos obtenidos se acaban de publicar en una monografía titulada La atención a los enfermos terminales, editada por Tirant lo Blanch en 2000, y coordinada por Díez Ripollés, Santos Amaya y Garrido Santos. Lo que sigue es un breve resumen de algunos de los resultados más destacables