MAPA DE POTENCIALIDADE DE OCORRÊNCIA DE CAVERNAS NO BRASIL, NA ESCALA DE 1:2.500.000

O Mapa de Potencialidade de Ocorrência de Cavernas no Brasil, na escala 1:2.500.000, foi elaborado a partir de nova metodologia, em que, pela classificação litológica, foram geradas cinco classes de grau de potencialidade: “Muito Alto”; “Alto”; “Médio”; “Baixo”; e “Ocorrência Improvável”. Para a identificação dessas classes foram utilizados: 1) dados de localização das principais regiões cársticas brasileiras; 2) mapa geológico do Brasil, na escala de 1:2.500.000, da CPRM (com ênfase nos campos “Litologia1”, “Litologia2” e “Nome da Unidade”, da tabela de atributos); 3) dados geoespacializados de cavernas disponibilizadas pelo CECAV, em 01/06/2012; e 4) revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais formações litológicas das cavidades registradas na base de dados do CECAV. Como resultado, obteve-se que 78,4% das cavidades encontram-se em áreas com graus de potencialidade de ocorrência “Muito Alto” e “Alto”, ou seja, desenvolvem-se basicamente em rochas carbonáticas e em formações ferríferas. Além disso, 12,8% das cavidades utilizadas localizam-se nas classes de “Média” potencialidade, englobando, especialmente, os arenitos e quartzitos, e apenas 8,7% do total estão inseridas nos graus de potencialidade “Baixo” e “Ocorrência Improvável”

ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR DOS MAPAS DE VULNERABILIDADE DO PATRIMÔNIO ESPELEOLÓGICO PARA AS ÁREAS CÁRSTICAS PRIORITÁRIAS DA REGIÃO DE ABRANGÊNCIA DO PAN CAVERNAS DO SÃO FRANCISCO

O Projeto de Monitoramento e Avaliação de Impactos sobre o Patrimônio Espeleológico começou a ser desenvolvido em 2010 para atender ao Componente 4 do Programa Nacional de Conservação do Patrimônio Espeleológico (PNCPE) que trata, especificamente, da definição de procedimentos para a realização de monitoramento, avaliação, prevenção e mitigação de impactos sobre o Patrimônio Espeleológico. A primeira fase deste projeto definiu o mapa de vulnerabilidade do Patrimônio Espeleológico para nove áreas cársticas prioritárias da região de abrangência do PAN Cavernas do São Francisco. Este artigo apresenta a discussão dos resultados preliminares desse produto, indicando a localização e dimensão das áreas mais vulneráveis e também a localização das cavidades naturais subterrâneas e unidades de conservação

BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO ESPELEOLÓGICO DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO DESIDÉRIO – BA

A área de São Desidério é tema de diversas discussões técnicas e políticas. Seu carste congrega um patrimônio espeleológico bastante rico em feições inusitadas e apresenta significativa contribuição à dinâmica hídrica da bacia do Rio São Francisco. Apesar disso, ainda não foi suficientemente estudado e sofre com o avanço e a intensificação de atividades produtivas diversas. Grandes galerias, salões e lagos subterrâneos, concentração de espeleotemas raros, sumidouros e ressurgências peculiares, atípicas variações cíclicas do nível da água e um extenso rio subterrâneo são algumas de suas características mais relevantes, porém criticamente ameaçadas pelas atividades agropecuárias e obras de infraestrutura que lhes dão suporte

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges