13 research outputs found
Potential influence of birds on soil testate amoebae in the Arctic
Birds can be an important agent of environmental change in High Arctic ecosystems, particularly due to the role of seabirds as a vector transferring nutrients from the marine to terrestrial realms. The soils of bird nesting sites are known to host distinct plant communities but the consequences of bird modification for microorganisms are much less clear. Our focus here is testate amoebae: a widely-distributed group of protists with significant roles in many aspects of ecosystem functioning. We compared the testate amoeba assemblages of a site on Spitsbergen (Svalbard archipelago) affected by nesting birds, with nearby control sites. We found differences in assemblage between sites, typified by reduced relative abundance of Phryganella acropodia and Centropyxis aerophila in bird-modified soils. These changes may reflect a reduced availability of fungal food sources. We found no evidence for differences in assemblage diversity or test concentration between bird-modified and control soils. Our dataset is small but results provide the first evidence for the potential effect of bird modification of soils on testate amoebae in the Arctic. Results show only limited similarity to experimental studies of nutrient addition, implying that response mechanisms may be more complicated than simply additional nutrient supply
Quality of The Marque river at Villeneuve dâAscq and impact of a water treatment plant and a stormwater pond on the functioning of this river
La riviĂšre Marque est un petit cours dâeau localisĂ© sur un bassin versant pĂ©ri-urbain du Nord de la France, traversant des zones agricoles et urbaines. Au niveau de Villeneuve dâAscq, cette riviĂšre reçoit les eaux de deux principaux ouvrages de traitement de lâeau : (i) les eaux urbaines traitĂ©es de la station dâĂ©puration de Villeneuve dâAscq ; et (ii) les eaux du lac du HĂ©ron qui est un bassin dâorage. Afin dâamĂ©liorer la comprĂ©hension de la riviĂšre dans cette zone, des suivis basse et haute frĂ©quences ont Ă©tĂ© mis en place en 2014. En complĂ©ment, une bouĂ©e instrumentĂ©e appartenant Ă lâAgence de lâEau Artois-Picardie a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©ployĂ©e en 2015 sur le lac. Une approche multi-traceurs a Ă©tĂ© envisagĂ©e pour tenter dâidentifier les diffĂ©rentes pressions sur La Marque avec lâĂ©tude des paramĂštres physico-chimiques (O2, pH, conductivitĂ©, MES, COD), des nutriments (NO3-, NH4+, PO43-), des micropolluants mĂ©talliques (Cu, Pb, Zn) et organiques (CAF, CBZ) et des conditions physiques (dĂ©bit, pluviomĂ©trie). Les points clĂ©s mis en Ă©vidence sont les suivants : (1) La Marque est fortement impactĂ©e par le rejet dâeaux usĂ©es non traitĂ©es dĂ» Ă des dĂ©faillances dans les rĂ©seaux dâassainissement ; (2) la station dâĂ©puration contribue significativement Ă enrichir La Marque en CBZ et en Zn, ce qui participe vis-Ă -vis de ce dernier Ă la dĂ©gradation de lâĂ©tat Ă©cologique ; (3) la capacitĂ© de traitement par dĂ©cantation et processus biogĂ©ochimiques naturels du lac du HĂ©ron est efficace, cependant il est nĂ©cessaire dâentreprendre un curage du chenal dâentrĂ©e ; et (4) le rejet du lac participe Ă amĂ©liorer ponctuellement mais faiblement la qualitĂ© de la riviĂšre, exceptĂ© lors dâĂ©vĂšnements particuliers.The Marque River is a little watercourse located in a peri-urban watershed in Northern France, going through agricultural and urban areas. Nearby Villeneuve dâAscq, this river receives waters from two main water treatment plants: (i) the waste water treatment plant of Villeneuve dâAscq; and (ii) the waters from a stormwater basin, the Heron lake. In order to improve the understanding of the functioning of the river in this area, low and high frequencies monitoring have been undertaken in 2014. In addition, an instrumented buoy belonging to the French Water Agency Artois-Picardie was implemented in 2015 on the lake. A multi-tracers approach was considered in order to identify different pressures on The Marque River including physicochemical parameters (O2, pH, conductivity, SPM, DOC), nutrients (NO3-, NH4+, PO43-), trace metals (Cu, Pb, Zn), organic micro-pollutants (CAF, CBZ) and hydrodynamic conditions (water flow, rainfall). The key points that have been highlighted are as follows: (i) The Marque River is strongly impacted by the discharge of wastewaters, due to sanitation network failures; (ii) the waste water treatment plant contributes significantly to the enrichment of The Marque River in CBZ and Zn, the latter participating to the degradation of the ecological status; (iii) the treatment capacity by naturals settling and biogeochemical processes is efficient within the Heron lake. However, the dredging of the entrance channel must be undertaken; and (iv) the discharge from the lake to the river tends to ameliorate scarcely and punctually the water quality of the river, excepted during special events
Ouvrages dâassainissement des eaux et qualitĂ© du milieu rĂ©cepteur en zone urbaine : cas de rejets dans La Marque Ă Villeneuve dâAscq
The Marque River is a little watercourse located in a peri-urban watershed in Northern France, going through agricultural and urban areas. Nearby Villeneuve dâAscq, this river receives waters from two main water treatment plants: (i) the waste water treatment plant of Villeneuve dâAscq; and (ii) the waters from a stormwater basin, the Heron lake. In order to improve the understanding of the functioning of the river in this area, low and high frequencies monitoring have been undertaken in 2014. In addition, an instrumented buoy belonging to the French Water Agency Artois-Picardie was implemented in 2015 on the lake. A multi-tracers approach was considered in order to identify different pressures on The Marque River including physicochemical parameters (O2, pH, conductivity, SPM, DOC), nutrients (NO3-, NH4+, PO43-), trace metals (Cu, Pb, Zn), organic micro-pollutants (CAF, CBZ) and hydrodynamic conditions (water flow, rainfall). The key points that have been highlighted are as follows: (i) The Marque River is strongly impacted by the discharge of wastewaters, due to sanitation network failures; (ii) the waste water treatment plant contributes significantly to the enrichment of The Marque River in CBZ and Zn, the latter participating to the degradation of the ecological status; (iii) the treatment capacity by naturals settling and biogeochemical processes is efficient within the Heron lake. However, the dredging of the entrance channel must be undertaken; and (iv) the discharge from the lake to the river tends to ameliorate scarcely and punctually the water quality of the river, excepted during special events.La riviĂšre Marque est un petit cours dâeau localisĂ© sur un bassin versant pĂ©ri-urbain du Nord de la France, traversant des zones agricoles et urbaines. Au niveau de Villeneuve dâAscq, cette riviĂšre reçoit les eaux de deux principaux ouvrages de traitement de lâeau : (i) les eaux urbaines traitĂ©es de la station dâĂ©puration de Villeneuve dâAscq ; et (ii) les eaux du lac du HĂ©ron qui est un bassin dâorage. Afin dâamĂ©liorer la comprĂ©hension de la riviĂšre dans cette zone, des suivis basse et haute frĂ©quences ont Ă©tĂ© mis en place en 2014. En complĂ©ment, une bouĂ©e instrumentĂ©e appartenant Ă lâAgence de lâEau Artois-Picardie a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©ployĂ©e en 2015 sur le lac. Une approche multi-traceurs a Ă©tĂ© envisagĂ©e pour tenter dâidentifier les diffĂ©rentes pressions sur La Marque avec lâĂ©tude des paramĂštres physico-chimiques (O2, pH, conductivitĂ©, MES, COD), des nutriments (NO3-, NH4+, PO43-), des micropolluants mĂ©talliques (Cu, Pb, Zn) et organiques (CAF, CBZ) et des conditions physiques (dĂ©bit, pluviomĂ©trie). Les points clĂ©s mis en Ă©vidence sont les suivants : (1) La Marque est fortement impactĂ©e par le rejet dâeaux usĂ©es non traitĂ©es dĂ» Ă des dĂ©faillances dans les rĂ©seaux dâassainissement ; (2) la station dâĂ©puration contribue significativement Ă enrichir La Marque en CBZ et en Zn, ce qui participe vis-Ă -vis de ce dernier Ă la dĂ©gradation de lâĂ©tat Ă©cologique ; (3) la capacitĂ© de traitement par dĂ©cantation et processus biogĂ©ochimiques naturels du lac du HĂ©ron est efficace, cependant il est nĂ©cessaire dâentreprendre un curage du chenal dâentrĂ©e ; et (4) le rejet du lac participe Ă amĂ©liorer ponctuellement mais faiblement la qualitĂ© de la riviĂšre, exceptĂ© lors dâĂ©vĂšnements particuliers
Pollution of birch pollen grains by atmospheric particulate matter
International audienc
Evaluation of hirst-type sampler and PM10 impactor for investigating adhesion of atmospheric particles onto allergenic pollen grains
International audienc
Atmospheric particulate matter adhesion onto pollen: a review
International audienceFrom anther dehiscence to its atmospheric journey, airborne pollen grains can come into contact with other particulate matter (PM) and the external wall of pollen grains can be polluted by adhered atmospheric particles. Pollen and PM are some of the most common asthma triggers. The aim of this review was to discuss literature reporting pollen-particle complexes in the outdoor environment so their potential role in enhancing the risk of allergy could be examined. Twenty-five studies report pollen-particle complexes observed in outdoor conditions. PM adhesion onto the pollen surface was investigated in the literature by three different experimental approaches: direct collection from anthers, bulk exposure of pollen to PM in polluted areas, and direct sampling of airborne pollen during pollination. Four processes are proposed to explain deposition of PM on the surface of pollen grains: sticking of particles to anthers and pollen during dehiscence, airborne pollen-particles coagulation, wet and dry scavenging of pollen and particles, and co-deposition of PM and pollen in the respiratory system. Despite potential adverse health effects, the magnitude of pollution of pollen by PM is poorly understood. To address this issue, we suggest the following guidelines for research: (1) Possible artifacts during sampling and handling of anthers must be carefully avoided; (2) Control pollen grains (i.e. non-polluted) should be carefully selected; (3) A better knowledge of pollen atmospheric deposition and resuspension is needed; (4) The health effects of pollen-particles complexes need more attention regarding symptoms and allergic sensitization; (5) Use of individual pollen samplers could give a Nicolas Visez and Anastasia Ivanovsky contributed equally to the work. 123 Aerobiologia https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-019-09616-9(0123456789().,-volV) (01234567 89().,-volV) depiction of the degree of pollution of pollen that is actually inhaled
La restauration Ă©cologique comme nouveau paradigme dâamĂ©nagement ?: Regards croisĂ©s sur lâenvironnement fluvio-estuarien Garonne-Gironde
International audienceAlthough land management policies have improved the overall control of rivers, they have also resulted in considerable disturbance and deterioration in a range of different environments. New approaches to the restoration of wetlands are now being tried in south-western France, on the Garonne River and in the Gironde estuary. Such changes primarily involve allowing storm-induced flooding of marshlands (depolderisation). Further upstream, in the mid-Garonne-Toulouse region, consideration is currently being given to restoring areas of standing water or creating flood expansion zones. Our article uses a multidisciplinary approach to analyze the emergence of this new paradigm from a geo-historical, geochemical, ecological and sociological perspective.Bien que les politiques amĂ©nagistes aient permis dâamĂ©liorer la maĂźtrise globale des fleuves, elles ont Ă©galement gĂ©nĂ©rĂ© de nombreuses perturbations et altĂ©rations. Aujourdâhui, la restauration des cours dâeau fait lâobjet de nouvelles expĂ©rimentations. Dans le sud-ouest de la France, sur le fleuve Garonne et dans lâestuaire de la Gironde, elles se traduisent notamment par des remises en eau des marais, liĂ©es au passage de tempĂȘtes (dynamique de dĂ©poldĂ©risation). Plus en amont, dans la moyenne Garonne toulousaine, les rĂ©flexions en cours concernent la rĂ©ouverture de bras morts ou la crĂ©ation de zones dâexpansion de crues. Nous proposons dâexaminer lâĂ©mergence de ce nouveau paradigme, dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire, par une Ă©valuation gĂ©ohistorique, gĂ©ochimique, Ă©cologique et sociologique