A capacidade transformadora da regeneração urbana

As políticas de regeneração urbana têm-se caracterizado, nas últimas décadas, pela coexistência de diferentes iniciativas e instrumentos de intervenção, com características muito variadas. Tem-se mostrado, também, como nessa variedade de iniciativas, instrumentos e ações, se condensam diversos tipos de agendas, umas mais sectoriais outras mais integradoras, bem como diferentes modelos organizativos, contextos territoriais e escalas de intervenção. Este artigo propõe-se abordar a questão da capacidade transformadora das políticas de regeneração urbana, tendo como pano de fundo este quadro de diversidade. Trata-se de mostrar que estas características são acompanhadas por dificuldades que condicionam significativamente a capacidade transformadora das estratégias de regeneração urbana. São aspetos críticos que justificam o papel de desafios específicos tendo em vista a melhoria da capacidade transformadora da regeneração urbana.Urban regeneration policies have been characterized, in recent decades, by the coexistence of different initiatives and instruments, with very diverse characteristics. It has been shown, too, as this variety of initiatives, actions and instruments, condense several kinds of agendas, some more sectoral other more comprehensive, as well as different organizational models, territorial contexts and scales for intervention. This article intends to address the issue of the transformative capacity of urban regeneration policies, against the backdrop of this diversity. It shows that these characteristics are accompanied by difficulties which affect significantly the transformative ability of urban regeneration strategies. These critical aspects justify the role of specific challenges in order to improve the transformative capacity of urban regeneration.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The University of Oporto and the Process of Urban Change: An Ambiguous Relationship

This chapter analyses the role of the university as a promoter of urban development in the city of Oporto, in Portugal. The argument is developed as follows: i) the university is an important operator in urban change; ii) however, the relationship established between the universitys real estate policy, the territory itself and urban policies is ambiguous and marked by a gulf which exists between the universitys strategies and the specific problems of the urban context to which it belongs; iii) any interpretation of this ambiguity requires an analysis based on institutions, or on institutional relationships and capacities.This argument emphasizes the ambiguous and contingent role played by the university in the process of urban development and recognizes that this role is not always explicitly incorporated into the strategy of the main urban agents, such as the local authority or the university itself

Urban Heritage Rehabilitation: Institutional Stakeholders' Contributions to Improve Implementation of Urban and Building Regulations

Climate change, natural hazards, and human actions are threatening cultural heritage in urban areas. More than ever, building regulations’ procedures and criteria are essential to guarantee the protection and safeguarding of urban areas and their buildings. These procedures and criteria are crucial to assist stakeholders in decision-making, especially when facing rapid transitions and transformative changes in urban heritage areas. Several institutional stakeholders in charge of urban heritage protection strengthen the need for a better implementation of building regulations through flexible criteria to support intervention procedures in buildings with different features and in different contexts. Under this topic, the present study uses a twofold method. Firstly, the authors analyze and compare the urban and building regulations of three Southern European countries, Italy, Spain, and Portugal, concerning procedures and criteria directed to the built heritage; secondly, they highlight and compare the views of different institutional stakeholders from the same three countries, at different levels (national, regional, and municipal), to understand the impact of the implementation of the regulations on the ground. The findings show the relevance of the institutional stakeholders’ views to improve the regulations and their practice. They highlight the need to promote inventory and cataloging procedures, as well as flexible criteria when dealing with urban heritage buildings

The role of a systematic analysis of building codes to support an assessment methodology for built heritage

This paper analyses and compares codes and standards that support interventions onbuilt heritage of three Southern European countries with similar cultural approaches, Italy, Spain andPortugal, and confronts these documents with technical expert opinion. This discussion recognizes theimportance of incorporating flexible criteria on code application, but also that such criteria should be sustained by inventorying and cataloguing processes based on multidisciplinary assessment methodologies.When dealing with inhabited built heritage, this assessment methodology should not only be supported bysafety and housing conditions criteria embedded in technical codes and standards and local guidelines oriented to the local characteristics of the constructions, but should also include the assessment of the needsand expectations of residents. This work is part of a vast study that includes and sustains the developmentof a multidisciplinary assessment methodology to be applied on built heritage

Degradação e modos de habitar em edifícios residenciais antigos do Porto: avaliação da satisfação e perceção dos residentes

Este artigo debruça-se sobre a avaliação da satisfação e perceção residencial dos residentes deedifícios antigos de matriz unifamiliar burguesa (séculos XVII-XX) degradados, localizados nocentro histórico do Porto e áreas envolventes e habitados por uma população socioeconomicamente desfavorecida. Nesse sentido, recorre-se à aplicação da Metodologia de Avaliação doPatrimónio Edificado Habitacional (MAPEH) [1] que compreende a análise do edificado nas dimensões patrimonial, técnica e social. A aplicação desta metodologia é feita através de umaFicha de Avaliação (FA) que, suportada por recolha de informação detalhada e atualizada [2],especifica os critérios gerais da MAPEH, direcionando-os para o contexto particular do edificadoa avaliar.No contexto da MAPEH, a avaliação da satisfação e perceção residencial dos habitantes tem porbase um questionário específico dirigido aos residentes dos edifícios a analisar. Esse questioná-rio permite identificar os diferentes perfis socioeconómicos dos residentes e aferir a sua perceçãoem relação às características da unidade habitacional (compartimentos mais usados, tamanho etipo de uso, privacidade e facilidade de acesso à e na habitação e conforto térmico e acústico) e da área de residência (segurança, relação com os vizinhos, equipamentos, serviços, instala-ções existentes...). Em particular, identifica as características que os residentes mais apreciamnos edifícios/ área de residência e as suas expetativas relativamente a eventuais melhorias aefetuar na habitação que contribuam para a melhoria percecionada da sua qualidade de vida,assim como critérios que distinguem diferentes perfis de residentes relacionados com necessidades básicas e expetativas em relação à sua habitação e área envolvente.Na aplicação ao caso de estudo, esta análise aferiu lacunas na intervenção e conservação dopatrimónio edificado em análise, bem como na colmatação das necessidades básicas percecionadas pelos residentes em diferentes contextos, permitindo concluir sobre a importância de sepromoverem condições diferenciadas de intervenção no património edificado capazes de integrar(e de combinar), não só exigências patrimoniais, de segurança e de habitabilidade, mas tambémas necessidades básicas percecionadas pelos residentes

The miniJPAS survey: A search for extreme emission-line galaxies

This is an Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Context. Galaxies with extreme emission lines (EELGs) may play a key role in the evolution of the Universe, as well as in our understanding of the star formation process itself. For this reason an accurate determination of their spatial density and fundamental properties in different epochs of the Universe will constitute a unique perspective towards a comprehensive picture of the interplay between star formation and mass assembly in galaxies. In addition to this, EELGs are also interesting in order to explain the reionization of the Universe, since their interstellar medium (ISM) could be leaking ionizing photons, and thus they could be low z, analogous of extreme galaxies at high z. Aims. This paper presents a method to obtain a census of EELGs over a large area of the sky by detecting galaxies with rest-frame equivalent widths ≥300 Å in the emission lines [O II]λλ3727,3729Å, [O III]λ5007Å, and Hα. For this, we aim to use the J-PAS survey, which will image an area of ≈8000 deg2 with 56 narrow band filters in the optical. As a pilot study, we present a methodology designed to select EELGs on the miniJPAS images, which use the same filter dataset as J-PAS, and thus will be exportable to this larger survey. Methods. We make use of the miniJPAS survey data, conceived as a proof of concept of J-PAS, and covering an area of ≈1 deg2. Objects were detected in the rSDSS images and selected by imposing a condition on the flux in a given narrow-band J-PAS filter with respect to the contiguous ones, which is analogous to requiring an observed equivalent width larger than 300 Å in a certain emission line within the filter bandwidth. The selected sources were then classified as galaxies or quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) after a comparison of their miniJPAS fluxes with those of a spectral database of objects known to present strong emission lines. This comparison also provided a redshift for each source, which turned out to be consistent with the spectroscopic redshifts when available (|Δz/(1 + zspec)| ≤ 0.01). Results. The selected candidates were found to show a compact appearance in the optical images, some of them even being classified as point-like sources according to their stellarity index. After discarding sources classified as QSOs, a total of 17 sources turned out to exhibit EW0 ≥ 300 Å in at least one emission line, thus constituting our final list of EELGs. Our counts are fairly consistent with those of other samples of EELGs in the literature, although there are some differences, which were expected due to biases resulting from different selection criteria. © J. Iglesias-Páramo et al. 2022.This work has been partially funded by projects PID2019-107408GB-C44 from the Spanish PNAYA, co-funded with FEDER, and grand P18-FR-2664, funded by Junta de Andalucía. We acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). RGD and LADG acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709), and PID2019-109067-GB100. IM acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the PID2019-106027GB-C41. JCM acknowledges partial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) through the grant PGC2018-097585-B-C22. SDP is grateful to the Fonds de Recherche du Québec – Nature et Technologies. LSJ acknowledges the support of CNPq (304819/2017-4) and FAPESP (2019/10923-5). JAFO acknowledges the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Union – NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Facility project ICTS-MRR-2021-03- CEFCA. Funding for the J-PAS Project has been provided by the Governments of España and Aragón though the Fondo de Inversión de Teruel, European FEDER funding and the MINECO and by the Brazilian agencies FINEP, FAPESP, FAPERJ and by the National Observatory of Brazil. Based on observations made with the JST/T250 telescope and PathFinder camera for the miniJPAS project at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ), in Teruel, owned, managed, and operated by the Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA). We acknowledge the OAJ Data Processing and Archiving Unit (UPAD) for reducing and calibrating the OAJ data used in this work. Funding for OAJ, UPAD, and CEFCA has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragón through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel; the Aragón Government through the Research Groups E96, E103, and E16_17R; the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) with grant PGC2018-097585-B-C21; the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/FEDER, UE) under AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, and ICTS-2009-14; and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685). This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Funding for SDSS-IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-IV web site is https://www.sdss.org/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 898633.Peer reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries