The “movimiento independiente de renovación absoluta” (independent absolute renovation movement) and the production of religious incentives for political action in Manizales, Colombia.

En este escrito se analiza la producción de incentivos para la movilización política de un grupo de candidatos  al  Concejo de la ciudad de Manizales en 2011. Para ello se revisa la dinámica del campo y el mercado político  en el cual se movilizaron, un conjunto de cualidades objetivas en contraste con el total de los candidatos (151) de ese  episodio electoral, en relación con las cualidades subjetivas y las producciones discursivas de algunos de ellos.  Con esta estrategia se trata de hacer comprensibles las diferencias en la formación de las carreras políticas en  relación con las dinámicas espacio-temporales del mercado político y de los procesos de reorganización de los  ordenamientos jurídico-políticos. In this writing the production of incentivesfor political mobilization of a group of candidates to the City Council  of Manizales in 2011 is analyzed. For this purpose, the dynamics in the field and the political market where they  moved areanalyzed as well as a group of objective qualities in contrast withthe total candidates (151) of that  polling episode regarding subjective qualities and discursive productions of some of them. With such strategy,  it is intended to make understandable the differences in the formation of political careers concerning spatial- temporaldynamics of the political market and the reorganization processes of the legal and political regulation

The “movimiento independiente de renovación absoluta” (independent absolute renovation movement) and the production of religious incentives for political action in Manizales, Colombia.

En este escrito se analiza la producción de incentivos para la movilización política de un grupo de candidatos  al  Concejo de la ciudad de Manizales en 2011. Para ello se revisa la dinámica del campo y el mercado político  en el cual se movilizaron, un conjunto de cualidades objetivas en contraste con el total de los candidatos (151) de ese  episodio electoral, en relación con las cualidades subjetivas y las producciones discursivas de algunos de ellos.  Con esta estrategia se trata de hacer comprensibles las diferencias en la formación de las carreras políticas en  relación con las dinámicas espacio-temporales del mercado político y de los procesos de reorganización de los  ordenamientos jurídico-políticos. In this writing the production of incentivesfor political mobilization of a group of candidates to the City Council  of Manizales in 2011 is analyzed. For this purpose, the dynamics in the field and the political market where they  moved areanalyzed as well as a group of objective qualities in contrast withthe total candidates (151) of that  polling episode regarding subjective qualities and discursive productions of some of them. With such strategy,  it is intended to make understandable the differences in the formation of political careers concerning spatial- temporaldynamics of the political market and the reorganization processes of the legal and political regulation

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

The “movimiento independiente de renovación absoluta” (independent absolute renovation movement) and the production of religious incentives for political action in Manizales, Colombia.

En este escrito se analiza la producción de incentivos para la movilización política de un grupo de candidatos&amp;nbsp; al&amp;nbsp; Concejo de la ciudad de Manizales en 2011. Para ello se revisa la dinámica del campo y el mercado político&amp;nbsp; en el cual se movilizaron, un conjunto de cualidades objetivas en contraste con el total de los candidatos (151) de ese&amp;nbsp; episodio electoral, en relación con las cualidades subjetivas y las producciones discursivas de algunos de ellos.&amp;nbsp; Con esta estrategia se trata de hacer comprensibles las diferencias en la formación de las carreras políticas en&amp;nbsp; relación con las dinámicas espacio-temporales del mercado político y de los procesos de reorganización de los&amp;nbsp; ordenamientos jurídico-políticos.&amp;nbsp;In this writing the production of incentivesfor political mobilization of a group of candidates to the City Council&amp;nbsp; of Manizales in 2011 is analyzed. For this purpose, the dynamics in the field and the political market where they&amp;nbsp; moved areanalyzed as well as a group of objective qualities in contrast withthe total candidates (151) of that&amp;nbsp; polling episode regarding subjective qualities and discursive productions of some of them. With such strategy,&amp;nbsp; it is intended to make understandable the differences in the formation of political careers concerning spatial- temporaldynamics of the political market and the reorganization processes of the legal and political regulation

Evaluación de la calidad en el servicio del subsector de restaurantes en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali

El presente trabajo de grado tiene como objetivo plantear un modelo de evaluación de la calidad del servicio para medir las percepciones de los usuarios que asisten a los restaurantes vinculados a la Mesa de Turismo del Grupo Multisectorial ubicados en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, con el fin de implantar alternativas para mejorar la competitividad de los mismos. Este trabajo consta de tres objetivos específicos, los cuales se desarrollaron en cuatro etapas; la primera se basó en el análisis de validez del instrumento a partir de l validez de contenido, criterio y constructo; y de la confiabilidad a través del Alfa de Cronbach a una prueba piloto, se seleccionaron los datos de las encuestas sugeridas y adaptadas por Servperf y las Normas Técnicas de la Calidad para los restaurantes y, finalmente se realizó un estudio sociodemográfico. La segunda etapa se fundamentó en la evaluación de la calidad del servicio, llevando a cabo la toma de encuestas a los clientes para conocer sus percepciones ligeramente después de recibir el servicio. En la tercera etapa, se realizó un análisis estadístico de las percepciones de los usuarios y un análisis de criterios ponderados para la obtención del índice de calidad de servicio general percibido por dichos usuarios. Finalmente, en la cuarta etapa se plantearon estrategias de mejora con el fin de dar respuesta a las dimensiones con menor puntaje de percepción. Se hallaron como resultados que en los restaurantes los usuarios califican mejor la dimensión de seguridad seguido de la empatía, la capacidad de respuesta y la fiabilidad. No obstante, los usuarios se encuentran insatisfechos con la dimensión de tangibilidad. De la misma forma, se descubrió que los usuarios del restaurante La Galería Plaza se encuentran insatisfechos con la dimensión de tangibilidad, mientras que en el restaurante Jardín del Rio los usuarios se encuentran insatisfechos con las dimensiones de tangibilidad y fiabilidad. Por otro lado, el índice de calidad general para La Galería Plaza y Jardín del Rio es de 4,482 y 4,468 respectivamente, mientras que para el subsector en general es de 4,475. Como plan de mejora se planteó una estrategia para cada restaurante referida a los elementos tangibles e instalaciones físicas y dos adicionales para Jardín del Rio referentes a la disposición, proporción y rapidez del servicioThe purpose of this degree project is to propose a model for evaluating the quality of the service to measure the perceptions of the users who attend the restaurants linked to the Tourism Board of the Multisectoral Group located in the city of Santiago de Cali, with the in order to implement alternatives to improve their competitiveness. This work consists of three specific objectives, which were developed in four stages; the first was based on the analysis of the validity of the instrument based on the validity of content, criteria and construct; and from the reliability through Cronbach's Alpha to a pilot test, the data from the surveys suggested and adapted by Servperf and the Technical Quality Standards for restaurants were selected and finally a sociodemographic study was carried out. The second stage was based on the evaluation of the quality of the service, carrying out customer surveys to know their perceptions slightly after receiving the service. In the third stage, a statistical analysis of the perceptions of the users and an analysis of weighted criteria for obtaining the general service quality index perceived by said users was performed. Finally, in the fourth stage, improvement strategies were proposed in order to respond to the dimensions with the lowest perception score. The results were that in restaurants, users better rate the security dimension followed by empathy, responsiveness and reliability. However, users are dissatisfied with the dimension of tangibility. In the same way, it was discovered that users of the La Galería Plaza restaurant are dissatisfied with the tangibility dimension, while in the Jardín del Rio restaurant users are dissatisfied with the dimensions of tangibility and reliability. On the other hand, the general quality index for La Galería Plaza and Jardín del Rio is 4,482 and 4,468 respectively, while for the subsector in general it is 4,475. As an improvement plan, a strategy was proposed for each restaurant referring to the tangible elements and physical facilities and two additional ones for Jardín del Rio regarding the disposition, proportion and speed of the servicePasantía de investigación (Ingeniero Industrial)-- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2020PregradoIngeniero(a) Industria