Reflexiones sobre la eficacia de los proyectos educativos de inclusión digital en comunidades de notable vulnerabilidad social

The aim of this work is to discuss some of the factors that compromise the effectiveness of digital inclusion educational projects in communities with elevated social vulnerability, based on the evaluation of an attempt that failed. Analyses were made of the influence of several external variables (social, political, cultural, and technological) that could potentially lead to chasms between the theoretical discussion and the true reality likely to be encountered in the majority of the programs and public policies concerned with digital inclusion. Analysis was made of the polemic related to failure, and the role of each of the participating sectors (teaching institutions, the local community, and society in general). Also considered is the importance of the synergy that these should possess in order to ensure that the implementation of educational initiatives in digital community spaces should have the intended social relevance.Este artículo se propone discutir algunos factores que en conjunto ponen en peligro la eficacia de los proyectos educativos de inclusión digital en comunidades de notable vulnerabilidad social. Desde una experiencia de fracaso, se analizó la influencia de algunos parámetros externos (sociales, políticos, culturales, tecnológicos, etc), generando brechas potenciales entre el discurso (la teoría) y la verdadera realidad que puede estar presente en la mayoría de los programas y las políticas públicas de inclusión digital. Se discuten los problemas relacionados con el fracaso, el papel de cada miembro (instituciones educativas, la comunidad y los sectores de la sociedad en general) y la importancia de la sinergia que deben tener en proceso, a fin de contribuir para que las actividades educativas en los espacios digitales comunitarios tengan la relevancia social de su verdadero propósito.Este artigo tem o objetivo de discutir alguns fatores que comprometem a eficácia de projetos educacionais de inclusão digital em comunidades de marcante vulnerabilidade social, com base na análise de uma experiência de insucesso. Analisou-se a influência de alguns parâmetros externos (sociais, políticos, culturais, tecnológicos, etc), que foram potenciais geradores de abismos entre o discurso (teoria) e a verdadeira realidade que pode estar presente na maioria dos programas e políticas públicas de inclusão digital. Analisou-se a problemática relacionada ao fracasso, o papel de cada um dos integrantes (instituições de ensino, comunidade e setores da sociedade em geral) e a importância da sinergia que devem possuir, de maneira a contribuir para que a implantação de ações educacionais em espaços digitais comunitários possua a verdadeira relevância social do seu propósito

REFLECTIONS ON THE EFFICACY OF DIGITAL INCLUSION EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS IN COMMUNITIES WITH HIGH SOCIAL VULNERABILITY

The aim of this work is to discuss some of the factors that compromise the effectiveness of digital inclusion educational projects in communities with elevated social vulnerability, based on the evaluation of an attempt that failed. Analyses were made of the influence of several external variables (social, political, cultural, and technological) that could potentially lead to chasms between the theoretical discussion and the true reality likely to be encountered in the majority of the programs and public policies concerned with digital inclusion. Analysis was made of the polemic related to failure, and the role of each of the participating sectors (teaching institutions, the local community, and society in general). Also considered is the importance of the synergy that these should possess in order to ensure that the implementation of educational initiatives in digital community spaces should have the intended social relevance

Reflexiones sobre la eficacia de los proyectos educativos de inclusión digital en comunidades de notable vulnerabilidad social

The aim of this work is to discuss some of the factors that compromise the effectiveness of digital inclusion educational projects in communities with elevated social vulnerability, based on the evaluation of an attempt that failed. Analyses were made of the influence of several external variables (social, political, cultural, and technological) that could potentially lead to chasms between the theoretical discussion and the true reality likely to be encountered in the majority of the programs and public policies concerned with digital inclusion. Analysis was made of the polemic related to failure, and the role of each of the participating sectors (teaching institutions, the local community, and society in general). Also considered is the importance of the synergy that these should possess in order to ensure that the implementation of educational initiatives in digital community spaces should have the intended social relevance.Este artículo se propone discutir algunos factores que en conjunto ponen en peligro la eficacia de los proyectos educativos de inclusión digital en comunidades de notable vulnerabilidad social. Desde una experiencia de fracaso, se analizó la influencia de algunos parámetros externos (sociales, políticos, culturales, tecnológicos, etc), generando brechas potenciales entre el discurso (la teoría) y la verdadera realidad que puede estar presente en la mayoría de los programas y las políticas públicas de inclusión digital. Se discuten los problemas relacionados con el fracaso, el papel de cada miembro (instituciones educativas, la comunidad y los sectores de la sociedad en general) y la importancia de la sinergia que deben tener en proceso, a fin de contribuir para que las actividades educativas en los espacios digitales comunitarios tengan la relevancia social de su verdadero propósito.Este artigo tem o objetivo de discutir alguns fatores que comprometem a eficácia de projetos educacionais de inclusão digital em comunidades de marcante vulnerabilidade social, com base na análise de uma experiência de insucesso. Analisou-se a influência de alguns parâmetros externos (sociais, políticos, culturais, tecnológicos, etc), que foram potenciais geradores de abismos entre o discurso (teoria) e a verdadeira realidade que pode estar presente na maioria dos programas e políticas públicas de inclusão digital. Analisou-se a problemática relacionada ao fracasso, o papel de cada um dos integrantes (instituições de ensino, comunidade e setores da sociedade em geral) e a importância da sinergia que devem possuir, de maneira a contribuir para que a implantação de ações educacionais em espaços digitais comunitários possua a verdadeira relevância social do seu propósito

Aspectos anatomopatológicos do paciente portador de Pneumonia: Anatomopathological aspects of the patient with Pneumonia

A pneumonia condiz a uma condensação inflamatória aguda dos alvéolos e/ou infiltração tecidual intersticial pulmonar que resulta da ação de células inflamatórias em resposta a injúrias de um determinado agente microbiano. A patologia conforme o local de aquisição, o padrão de comprometimento, o agente etiológico são determinantes para o quadro clínico, lesões e achados radiográficos. O seguinte artigo objetivou descrever através da revisão bibliográfica, os aspectos gerais da pneumonia com foco em abordar os aspectos anatomopatológicos desta enfermidade. Trata-se  de  um  estudo qualitativo  de  revisão  narrativa,  elaborado  para  abordar  sobre os aspectos anatomopatológicos do paciente portador de pneumonia.  É composta por uma análise ampla da literatura, e com uma metodologia rigorosa e replicável ao nível de reprodução de dados e questões quantitativas para resoluções específicas.  Conforme as informações disponíveis na literatura, elucida-se que os pulmões contam com um aparato de mecanismos de defesa. Mas, mediante injúrias e agentes agressores geram um desequilíbrios e posteriormente originam condições que favorecem doenças respiratórias. A pneumonia possui vários agentes etiológicos, e de acordo com este, distintos padrões de acometimento pulmonar e achados radiográficos irão se manifestar

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Early and post transition metal complexes as a single of combined components in the ethylene and isoprene polynerization

In this work is reported, in a first step, the effect of different experimental parameters and their relation with polymer properties using the homogeneous binary catalyst system composed by Ni(α-diimine)Cl2 (α-diimine = 1,4-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)- acenaphthenediimine) and {TpMs*}V(Ntbu)Cl2 (TpMs* = hydridobis(3-mesitylpyrazol-1- yl)(5-mesitylpyrazol-1-yl)) activated with MAO. This complexes combination produces, in a single reactor, polyethylene blends with different and controlled properties dependent on the polymerization temperature, solvent and Nickel molar fraction (xNi). In second, the control of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) production was possible, using a combination of catalyst precursors {TpMs}NiCl (TpMs = hydridotris(3- mesitylpyrazol-1-yl)) and Cp2ZrCl2, activated with MAO/TMA, as Tandem catalytic system. The catalytic activities as well as the polymer properties are dependent on xNi. Polyethylene with different Mw and controlled branches is produced only with ethylene monomer. Last, the application group 3 metals catalysts based, M(allyl)2Cl(MgCl2)2.4THF (M = Nd, La and Y), in isoprene polymerization with different cocatalysts systems and experimental parameters is reported. High yields and polyisoprene with good and controlled properties were produced. The metal center, cocatalysts and the experimental parameters are determinant for the polymers properties and their control. High conversions in cis-1,4- or trans-1,4-polyisoprene were obtained and the polymer microstructure depending of cocatalyst and metal type. Combinations of Y and La precursors were effective systems for the cis/transpolyisoprene blends production, and the control of cis-trans-1,4-microstructures by Yttrium molar fraction (xY) variation was possible

Dual catalyst system composed by nickel and vanadium complexes containing nitrogen ligands for ethylene polymerization

Blendas de polietileno ramificado/polietileno de alta densidade (BPE/HDPE) foram preparadas usando uma combinação de catalisadores [NiCl2(diimina-α)] (1) (diimina-α = 1,4-bis(2,6- diisopropilfenila)-acenafeteno) e [TpMs*VCl2(NtBu)] (2) (TpMs* = hidridobis(3-mesitilapirazol-1- il)(5-mesitilapirazol-1-il)). As reações de polimerização foram realizadas em hexano ou tolueno em três diferentes temperaturas (0, 30 e 50 °C), utilizando várias razões molares de níquel (xNi), na presença de metilaluminoxano (MAO) como cocatalisador. Em todas as temperaturas, as atividades mostraram uma correlação aproximadamente linear com xNi, indicando o não aparecimento de um efeito sinérgico entre as espécies de níquel e vanádio. Altas atividades foram obtidas a 0 °C. As temperaturas de fusão (Tm) das blendas de polietileno produzidas a 0 °C diminuem conforme a xNi aumenta no meio reacional, indicando uma boa miscibilidade entre as fases de polietileno produzidas por ambos catalisadores. A morfologia da superfície das blendas de BPE/HDPE estudadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) revelou uma baixa miscibilidade entre as fases de PE, principalmente no caso das blendas poliméricas produzidas a alta temperatura (50 ºC).Branched polyethylene/high-density polyethylene blends (BPE/HDPE) were prepared using the combined [NiCl2(α-diimine)] (1) (α-diimine = 1,4-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)- acenaphthenediimine) and [TpMs*VCl2(NtBu)] (2) (TpMs* = hydridobis(3-mesitylpyrazol-1-yl)(5- mesitylpyrazol-1-yl)) catalysts. The polymerization reactions were performed in hexane or toluene at three different polymerization temperatures (0, 30 and 50 °C) and several nickel molar fractions (xNi), using MAO as cocatalyst. At all temperatures, the activities show an approximate linear correlation with xNi, indicating a non-synergistic effect between the nickel and the vanadium species. Higher activities were found in toluene at 0 °C. The melting temperatures for the polyethylene blends produced at 0 °C decrease as xNi increases in the medium indicating good miscibility between the polyethylene phases made by both catalysts. The surface morphology of the BPE/HDPE blends studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed low miscibility between the PE phases mainly in the case of the polymer blends produced at high temperature (50 ºC)

Nanocompósitos de polipropileno

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Nanocompósitos de polipropileno

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