Social mobility in Portugal (1860–1960): operative issues and trends

This article presents the results of a study of social mobility in Portugal from the 1860s to the 1960s. Four distinct social contexts were examined by reference to selected criteria, and marriage records were used as the source for data collection and analysis. The HISCO coding scheme was followed to allow comparisons of intergenerational mobility, stratification, and social change. We present the methodological and operative issues inherent in the hermeneutics of the sources used, identifying difficulties in the process of coding arising from the use of a common language to locate individuals in society. We shall offer an opinion on the pace of Portuguese social mobility during the period. La mobilité sociale au Portugal (1860–1960): résultats et tendances Nous présentons ici les résultats d'une enquête sur la mobilité sociale au Portugal des années 1860 aux années 1960. Nous avons enquêté sur quatre contextes sociaux différents, selon des critères que nous avons choisis; nous avons aussi recouru aux registres de mariage comme sources de données et d'analyses. Nous avons adopté le code HISCO qui nous permet une étude comparative de la mobilité intergénérationnelle, de la stratification et des changements sociaux. Nous présentons les problèmes tant méthodologiques qu'opératoires liés à l'herméneutique des sources utilisées, tout en relevant les difficultés provenant de la procédure de codage qui utilise un langage généraliste pour situer des individus au sein de la société. Nous donnerons notre point de vue sur le rythme de la mobilité sociale au Portugal durant cette période. Soziale Mobilität in Portugal (1860–1960): operative Fragen und Trends In dieser Aufsatz werden die Ergebnisse einer Studie zur sozialen Mobilität in Portugal von den 1860er zu den 1960er Jahren mitgeteilt. Mit Hilfe ausgewählter Kriterien wurden vier unterschiedliche soziale Kontexte untersucht, wobei als Quelle für die Datenerhebung und -analyse Heiratsakten benutzt wurden. Um Vergleiche der intergenerationalen Mobilität, der sozialen Schichtung und des sozialen Wandels zu ermöglichen, wurde das HISCO-Kodierungsschema verwendet. Wir legen die methodologischen und operativen Probleme offen, die der Hermeneutik der benutzten Quellen innewohnen, und benennen die Schwierigkeiten bei der Kodierung, die aus der Verwendung einer gemeinsamen Sprache erwachsen, um Individuen in der Gesellschaft zu lokalisieren. Wir äußern auch eine Einschätzung zum Tempo der sozialen Mobilität in Portugal im Untersuchungszeitraum

Gestão de energia em carregador eléctrico

Electric Vehicles have been gradually gaining more traction, appearing as a possible measure to reduce the environment impact caused by the transportation sector. To increase the quality of the electric charging infrastructure, this dissertation addresses the development of a charging station with a focus on modularity and updatability. The charging station should implement a service-oriented architecture with a distributed environment of multiple chargers in grid capable of balancing loads in real time. The charging station communicates with a central system by using the most recent version of the OCPP protocol (OCPP 2.0.1), used to control a charger network.Veículos Elétricos têm vindo gradualmente a ganhar mais tração, aparecendo como uma possível medida para reduzir o impacto ambiental causado pelo setor dos transportes. De modo a melhorar a qualidade da infraestrutura de carregamento elétrico, esta dissertação aborda o desenvolvimento de uma estação de carregamento com foco na modularidade e facilidade de atualização. A estação de carregamento deverá implementar uma arquitetura orientada a serviços com um ambiente distribuído de múltiplos carregadores em rede capazes de balancear cargas em tempo real. A estação de carregamento comunica com um sistema central utilizando o protocolo OCPP na versão mais recente (OCPP 2.0.1), utilizado para controlar uma rede de carregadores.Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemátic

Factors influencing innovation and entrepreneur self-efficacy: A lifestyle entrepreneurship analysis

Lifestyle entrepreneurs are generally associated with tourism firms and good quality of life. Given the importance of this group of individuals to the positive contribution of local destination and job creation this dissertation explored the key factors influencing Innovation and entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) in Lifestyle entrepreneurs. The researcher conducted a quantitative study through a survey of 115 Lifestyle Entrepreneurs, to analyze the relationship between 5 concepts: (I) Innovation, (II) Marshalling, (III) Place Familiarity Perception, (IV) Communication and (V) Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE). The target population of this study was lifestyle entrepreneurs from Portugal and Spain who state in the survey, as a motive for their business, non-financial reasons or non-financial reasons and financial reasons. After collecting and analyzing the data, it was established several direct and one indirect relationship between variables. The results indicate that marshalling has a significantly positive and direct effect on both ESE and communication. Communication has a direct and positive relationship on innovation. Place familiarity perception has a significantly positive and direct relation on communication and innovation on ESE. It was also found that there isn’t a direct but rather, an indirect link between these marshalling and innovation via the mediator communication.Os lifestyle entrepreneurs são geralmente associados a empresas/organizações de turismo e a um determinado estilo de vida. Tendo em conta a importância deste grupo de indivíduos para a contribuição positiva do destino local e criação de empregos, esta dissertação explorou os principais fatores que influenciam a inovação e a autoeficácia empreendedora em lifestyle entrepreneurs. Realizamos um estudo quantitativo, através de um questionário, com 115 lifestyle entrepreneurs. Analisamos a relação entres 5 conceitos: (I) inovação, (II) marshalling, (III) perceção de Familiaridade de Lugar, (IV) comunicação e (V) autoeficácia empreendedora. A população-alvo deste estudo foram os lifestyle entrepreneurs de Portugal e Espanha que referiram no inquérito, como pretexto do seu negócio, motivos não financeiros ou motivos não financeiros e motivos financeiros. Após a recolha e análise dos dados, foram estabelecidas várias relações diretas e uma indireta entre as variáveis. Os resultados indicam que o marshalling tem um efeito significativamente positivo e direto na autoeficácia empreendedora e na comunicação. A comunicação tem uma relação direta e positiva com a inovação. A perceção de familiaridade de lugar tem uma relação significativamente positiva e direta na comunicação e inovação no ESE. Foi também descoberto que não há uma relação direta, mas sim indireta, entre estes marshalling e inovação através da comunicação

Puesta en valor del ex banco hipotecario La Plata (anexo senado prov. Bs As.)

El Banco Hipotecario Nacional (1923-1927) se caracteriza por la tipología de “Esquina”, conforme con los cánones académicos, presenta la clásica división tripartita de basamento, desarrollo y coronamiento. Constructivamente, se trata de una de las primeras obras en la ciudad de La Plata en contar con una estructura de perfiles de acero. La Arquitectura Moderna estuvo ligada en todo el país a un relativo rechazo de los valores simbólicos y funcionales de la arquitectura fundacional y post-fundacional. A partir de los años ’80 fueron cifrándose como patrimoniales. Algunos de los materiales usados en su construcción, por su calidad y nobleza, fueron traídos del exterior ya que en esa época no se elaboraban en el país. Pasando de Banco a sucursal de la DGI para finalmente ser revendido al Estado bonaerense para alojar el Anexo del Senado de la Prov. de Bs. As., el edificio sufrió varias reformas. Tuvo una desacertada intervención entre los años 1996 y 2002, evidenciándose las malas técnicas y materiales utilizados. El Ex Banco fue aprobado y catalogado como Patrimonio arquitectónico del casco fundacional de la ciudad, protegido por la Ordenanza 9231/00 (Municipalidad de La Plata), y declarado con el grado de Protección Estructural. Este trabajo se basa en difundir las diferentes técnicas de reparación aplicadas en la obra y la adaptación del edificio a los nuevos parámetros se seguridad, accesibilidad y confort

Human Operator Tracking System for Safe Industrial Collaborative Robotics

With the advent of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, manufacturing is shifting from mass production towards customisable production lines. While robots excel at reliably executing repeating tasks in a fast and precise manner, they lack the now desired versatility of humans. Human-robot collaboration (HRC) seeks to address this issue by allowing human operators to work together with robots in close proximity, leveraging the strengths of both agents to increase adaptability and productivity. Safety is critical to user acceptance and the success of collaborative robots (cobots) and is thus a focus of research. Typical approaches provide the cobot with information such as operator pose estimates or higher-level motion predictions to facilitate adaptive planning of trajectory or action. Therefore, locating the operator in the shared workspace is a key feature. This dissertation seeks to kickstart the development of a human operator tracking system that provides a three-dimensional pose estimate and, in turn, ensures safety. State-of-the-art methods for human pose estimation in two-dimensional RGB images are tested with a custom dataset and evaluated. The results are then analysed considering real-time capability in the use case of a single operator performing industrial assembly tasks in a collaborative robotic cell equipped with a robotic arm. The resulting observations enable future work like fusion of depth information.With the advent of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, manufacturing is shifting from mass production towards customisable production lines. While robots excel at reliably executing repeating tasks in a fast and precise manner, they lack the now desired versatility of humans. Human-robot collaboration (HRC) seeks to address this issue by allowing human operators to work together with robots in close proximity, leveraging the strengths of both agents to increase adaptability and productivity. Safety is critical to user acceptance and the success of collaborative robots (cobots) and is thus a focus of research. Typical approaches provide the cobot with information such as operator pose estimates or higher-level motion predictions to facilitate adaptive planning of trajectory or action. Therefore, locating the operator in the shared workspace is a key feature. This dissertation seeks to kickstart the development of a human operator tracking system that provides a three-dimensional pose estimate and, in turn, ensures safety. State-of-the-art methods for human pose estimation in two-dimensional RGB images are tested with a custom dataset and evaluated. The results are then analysed considering real-time capability in the use case of a single operator performing industrial assembly tasks in a collaborative robotic cell equipped with a robotic arm. The resulting observations enable future work like fusion of depth information

Concentration for high-dimensional linear processes with dependent innovations

We develop concentration inequalities for the $l_\infty$ norm of a vector linear processes on mixingale sequences with sub-Weibull tails. These inequalities make use of the Beveridge-Nelson decomposition, which reduces the problem to concentration for sup-norm of a vector-mixingale or its weighted sum. This inequality is used to obtain a concentration bound for the maximum entrywise norm of the lag-$h$ autocovariance matrices of linear processes. These results are useful for estimation bounds for high-dimensional vector-autoregressive processes estimated using $l_1$ regularisation, high-dimensional Gaussian bootstrap for time series, and long-run covariance matrix estimation

Evaluation of the impact of L’Oréal’s acquisition of The Body Shop on both brands

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis research aims to study the impact that L’Oréal’s acquisition of The Body Shop had on consumers’ identification with both brands. Our research was based on the assumption that because both companies have different cultures and values, this could lead to changes in their brand identifications. Consumers from both brands were evaluated separately and both samples were further divided into two sub-samples: the ones that had previous knowledge about the acquisition and the ones who didn’t. Through this research we concluded that consumers from both brands are environmentally-conscious and also that both considered that company’s social responsibility practices heavily weighed when deciding where to buy. This research was developed based on the Consumer-Company Identification model with some adaptations based on the recent literature. The results suggest that consumers have a strong relationship with both brands. Those who knew a priori about the acquisition expressed that it didn’t have much impact on their perception and purchase behavior. For those who only acknowledged it during the research also demonstrated a remaining strong brand identification (with both brands), although with results weaker than before

Europa (A), Companhia de Seguros (1917-1926)

Breve nota histórica sobre a companhia de seguros A Europa, criada em 1917 e vocacionada para os seguros marítimos e outros de elevado risco. = Brief historical note about the Portuguese Insurance Company A Europa, established in 1917 to work in the fields of maritime insurances and other highly risky operations