47 research outputs found

    Una nueva obra de Alejo de Vahía en Valdemora (León) y otra de su taller en Villaumbrales (Palencia)

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    En este estudio se dan a conocer dos nuevas obras del escultor tardo gótico Alejo de Vahía, con una bella pieza de la Piedad en la localidad de Valdemora (León), debida al propio maestro, y con otra de San Pedro Apóstol en Villaumbrales (Palencia), de menor calidad y atribuible al prolífico taller que tiene abierto en Becerril de Campos (Palencia). Ambas imágenes se analizan y relacionan con otras obras del autor, proponiéndose una cronología algo anterior al año 1500.This studio shows two new works of Late Gothic sculptor Alejo de Vahía, with a beautiful piece of Mercy in the town of Valdemora (León), due to himself master, and another one of St. Peter the Apostle in Villaumbrales (Palencia), with a low quality and attributed to the prolific atelier placed in Becerril de Campos (Palencia). Both images are analyzed and related to other works, proposing an earlier chronology than the year 1500

    Identificación de genes implicados en la longevidad de semilla a partir de un GWAS y aproximación a sus mecanismos de acción

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    [ES] La longevidad de la semilla es una propiedad crucial para el mantenimiento de la diversidad genética de las plantas en la naturaleza y en bancos de semillas, así como para el almacenamiento de semillas de uso agrícola. Las semillas van perdiendo gradualmente viabilidad durante el almacenamiento, y la velocidad de envejecimiento depende de factores tanto ambientales como genéticos. Entre los factores ambientales de mayor relevancia para el deterioro de las semillas se encuentran la humedad, la temperatura y la concentración de oxígeno, que provocan ROS y, en consecuencia, estrés oxidativo. Para llegar a la identificación de los genes implicados en este proceso, se realizó previamente un análisis de asociación de genoma completo (GWAS), sometiendo semillas de unas 300 accesiones naturales de la planta modelo Arabidopsis thaliana a altas presiones de oxígeno durante meses. Los resultados del GWAS permitieron así la identificación de 4 regiones genómicas con SNPs significativamente asociados a la longevidad de semillas, a partir de las cuales se seleccionaron genes candidatos a estar involucrados en dicho carácter. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivos la identificación de los genes con una aportación relevante a la longevidad de entre los genes candidato, así como iniciar su posterior caracterización funcional. Los resultados del trabajo han permitido identificar dos genes con un papel relevante en la longevidad de semillas. Por un lado, el gen codificante para la dehidroascorbato reductasa 1 (DHAR1), implicado en el ciclo detoxificador de ROS del glutatión-ascorbato. Los mutantes de pérdida de función de DHAR1, así como de DHAR2, DHAR3 y sus dobles y triples mutantes, mostraron mayor sensibilidad a los tratamientos de envejecimiento acelerado, mostrando la necesidad del correcto funcionamiento del ciclo para maximizar la longevidad de las semillas. Por otro lado, el gen codificante para el factor de transcripción DOF4.1, cuyos mutantes de pérdida de función mostraron mayor resistencia a los tratamientos de envejecimiento acelerado pero no a otros tratamientos de estrés abiótico realizados durante el establecimiento de la plántula. El fenotipo de tolerancia a envejecimiento de semilla del mutante podría explicarse por la inducción de genes que codifican para Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs), observada gracias al análisis RNASeq de las semillas de mutante y wild type. Estas proteínas podrían contribuir al fenotipo al aportar los nutrientes necesarios para la germinación o por reducir el daño oxidativo a proteínas que se produce durante el almacenamiento de la semilla, tal y como se describe en Nguyen et al., 2015.[EN] Seed longevity is a crucial characteristic for the maintenance of genetic diversity of plants in nature and in seed banks, as well as for the seed storage for agricultural use. Seeds gradually lose viability during storage, and the speed of their deterioration depends on both environmental and genetic factors. Among the most relevant environmental factors for seed deterioration are humidity, temperature and oxygen concentration, which cause ROS and, consequently, oxidative stress. In order to identify genes involved in this process, a ¿Genome Wide Association Study¿ (GWAS) was previously performed, exposing seeds from about 300 natural accessions of the Arabidopsis thaliana model plant to high oxygen pressures for months. The results of the GWAS allowed the identification of 4 genomic regions with SNPs, that were significantly associated with the longevity of seeds. From these genomic regions, candidate genes suposed to be involved in that character were selected. The objectives of this work are to identifying, among these candidate genes, those with a relevant contribution to seed longevity, and starting their subsequent functional characterization. The results of this work have allowed the identification of two genes with a relevant role in seed longevity. On the one hand, the gene coding for dehydroascorbate reductase 1 (DHAR1), involved in the glutathione-ascorbate ROS detoxification cycle. Loss of function mutants of DHAR1, as well as DHAR2, DHAR3 and its double and triple mutants, showed increased sensitivity to accelerated aging treatments, showing the importance of the cycle for seed longevity. On the other hand, the gene coding for the DOF4.1 transcription factor, whose loss-of-function mutants showed increased resistance to accelerated aging treatments but not to other abiotic stress performed during the establishment of the seedling. The seed tolerance phenotype of the mutant could be explained by the induction of genes coding for Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs), observed through the RNASeq analysis of mutant and wild type seeds. These proteins could contribute to the phenotype by providing the nutrients necessary for germination or by reducing the oxidative damage to proteins that occurs during seed storage, as described in Nguyen et al., 2015.Mateos Fernández, R. (2019). Identificación de genes implicados en la longevidad de semilla a partir de un GWAS y aproximación a sus mecanismos de acción. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/118837TFG

    Diego de Gamboa (Act. 1612-1637), escultor entre el Romanismo y el Barroco: estilo y nuevas obras

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    El presente artículo estudia la figura del escultor Diego de Gamboa, reuniendo los pocos datos que de él se conocen y aportando algunos desconocidos relativos a su biografía. También se analiza el estilo, que parte del romanismo miguelangelesco aprendido con Gregorio Español, todavía imperante en la diócesis de Astorga durante el primer tercio del siglo XVII, para meterse de lleno en el barroco, posiblemente debido a un contacto con el escultor Gregorio Fernández en Valladolid. Por último se dan a conocer nuevas obras en la provincia de León y Zamora que suponen hitos cronológicos en su trayectoria artística

    En torno al escultor Gregorio Español: aprendices, oficiales de su taller y nuevas obras

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    The plentiful production that Gregorio Español has spread throughout the diocese of Astorga and its nearby territories shows that the sculptor owned an active workshop at the diocesan capital from where he would carry out numerous orders for different parishes.In this paper, we also study some disciples and apprentices of his workshop providing their learning contracts. On the other hand, we add new works to his catalog, concretely two sculptures attributed in the city of Leon and an altarpiece in Lobeznos, a town in the region of Sanabria.La abundante obra que Gregorio Español tiene diseminada por todo el obispado de Astorga y territorios cercanos, indica que el escultor tuvo un taller activo en la capital diocesana, en el que acometió numerosos encargos para distintas parroquias. En este artículo se estudian algunos discípulos y aprendices de su obrador, aportando cartas de aprendizaje. Por otro lado se añaden nuevas obras a su catálogo, con dos imágenes atribuidas en la ciudad de León y un retablo documentado en la localidad sanabresa de Lobeznos (Zamora)

    A propósito del escultor Francisco de la Maza: el traslado del retablo de los Reyes del monasterio de Nogales (León) y dos nuevas obras en la provincia de Valladolid

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    La personalidad de Francisco de la Maza está adquiriendo una mayor relevancia al documentarse recientemente su participación en el retablo mayor de la catedral de Astorga a las órdenes de Gaspar Becerra. Este trabajo pretende hacer un recorrido de su trayectoria artística, perfilando su estilo. Además, se confirma documentalmente el año exacto de traslado y asiento a la parroquial de Villalverde de Justel (Zamora) del retablo que hizo para el monasterio de Nogales (León) –tras el proceso desamortizador decimonónico–, y se le atribuyen dos nuevas obras en las localidades vallisoletanas de Simancas y de Cigales

    Una ménsula del claustro de la catedral de León y su relación con la Anunciación de la Virgen de la Esperanza (h. 1288): La fortuna de un modelo en el ámbito leonés y castellano

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    En el claustro de la catedral de León existe una ménsula que viene a copiarla Anunciaciónformada porla Virgendela Esperanzay el Ángel, que en su día se ubicaban en los pilares torales de la propia seo. El estudio pretende poner de relieve la fortuna de este modelo por los reinos de León y Castilla, además de proponer una cronología para la repisa del claustro en función de fechas documentales y personajes representados

    Phenotyping Local Eggplant Varieties: Commitment to Biodiversity and Nutritional Quality Preservation

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    [EN] Given the little variability among commercialised eggplants mainly in developed countries, exploring, and structuring of traditional varieties germplasm collections have become a key element for extending ecotypes and promoting biodiversity preservation and consumption. Thirty-one eggplant landraces from Spain were characterised with 22 quantitative and 14 qualitative conventional morphological descriptors. Landraces were grouped based on their fruit skin colour (black-purple, striped, white, and reddish). Landraces B7, B20, and B24 were left out for their distinctive fruit characteristics. Wide variation for plant, leaf, flower, and fruit phenology traits was observed across the local landraces, and fruit descriptors were considered the most important ones. In a second experiment, landraces, B14, B16, and B17 were selected to determine fruit quality. By contemplating the benefits provided by antioxidants and sugars for human health, pulp antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, ascorbic acid, carotenoid, flavonoid, and total sugar content were determined. Significant differences were observed across these three landraces, and B14 was highlighted for its antioxidant properties, while B17 stood out for its high sugar content. B16 did not stand out for any traits. The results indicate the wide variability in eggplants for their phenotypic and nutritional characteristics, which emphasises the importance of traditional varieties as the main source of agricultural biodiversity.This work has been cofinanced by the Generalitat Valenciana, Conselleria de Agricultura, Desarrollo Rural, Emergencia Climatica y Transicion Ecologica, IVIA, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).Martínez-Ispizua, E.; Calatayud, Á.; Marsal, JI.; Mateos-Fernández, R.; Díez, MJ.; Soler Aleixandre, S.; Valcarcel Germes, JV.... (2021). Phenotyping Local Eggplant Varieties: Commitment to Biodiversity and Nutritional Quality Preservation. Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:1-21. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.696272S1211

    Identification of novel seed longevity genes related to oxidative stress and seed coat by genome wide association studies and reverse genetics

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    [EN] Seed longevity is a polygenic trait of relevance for agriculture and for understanding the effect of environment on the ageing of biological systems. In order to identify novel longevity genes, we have phenotyped the natural variation of 270 ecotypes of the model plant,Arabidopsis thaliana, for natural ageing and for three accelerated ageing methods. Genome-wide analysis, using publicly available single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data sets, identified multiple genomic regions associated with variation in seed longevity. Reverse genetics of 20 candidate genes in Columbia ecotype resulted in seven genes positive for seed longevity (PSAD1,SSLEA,SSTPR,DHAR1,CYP86A8,MYB47andSPCH) and five negative ones (RBOHD,RBOHE,RBOHF,KNAT7andSEP3). In this uniform genetic background, natural and accelerated ageing methods provided similar results for seed-longevity in knock-out mutants. The NADPH oxidases (RBOHs), the dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR1) and the photosystem I subunit (PSAD1) highlight the important role of oxidative stress on seed ageing. The cytochrome P-450 hydroxylase, CYP86A8, and the transcription factors, MYB47, KNAT7 and SEP3, support the protecting role of the seed coat during seed ageing.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Grant/Award Number: BIO2017-88898-PRenard, J.; Niñoles Rodenes, R.; Martínez-Almonacid, I.; Gayubas, B.; Mateos-Fernández, R.; Bissoli, G.; Bueso Rodenas, E.... (2020). Identification of novel seed longevity genes related to oxidative stress and seed coat by genome wide association studies and reverse genetics. Plant Cell & Environment. 43(10):2523-2539. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13822S25232539431

    Phenotypic Divergence among Sweet Pepper Landraces Assessed by Agro-Morphological Characterization as a Biodiversity Source

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    Traditional vegetable varieties constitute an important reservoir of biodiversity, so recovering, cultivating, and correctly classifying these landraces is part of key global heritage for the future of food security. In this study, 17 traditional pepper varieties from the Valencian Community (Spain) were characterized using 14 quantitative and 30 qualitative conventional morphological descriptors, including plant, flower, and fruit traits, in two ripening stages: green and red. As a result, landraces were grouped based mainly on their fruit morphology (G1: thin and elongated; G2: thick and robust; P-49: ball pepper). During a second trial, the preservation of the described characteristics was checked, and the number of fruit produced per plant was determined. From the acquired information, the most desirable traits that could be of interest for cultivation and harvesting practices were established, including erect growth habit, dense branching, big leaves, and uniformity and low persistence of fruit. Additionally, based mainly on fruit size and fruit wall thickness traits, the varieties with the highest potential to be marketed as fresh, P-37 (from G2), P-41, and P-72 (from G1), were determined. The ungrouped P-49 variety is an optimal candidate for industry processes because of its small size and robust fruit wall. The importance of phenotyping studies for preserving plant varieties is emphasized
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