Romanesque of Apennine. The churches of Reggio Emilia dioceses between XI and XII Century

This paper aims to focus on the problem between cultural heritage management and real knowledge of the historical buildings. Through an archaeological approach to the medieval landscape and to the medieval architectures of the Emilia Romagna region, this paper give a different interpretation about the origins of the Romanesque in the mountains of the Reggio Emilia district. In the most important plan of cultural heritage management these architectures are related to the supremacy of the Canossa family, one the most important medieval families northern Italy (Xth-XIth centuries). Actually, looking to the political history between XIth and XIIth centuries, it’s easier to explain the appearance of the Romanesque architecture as an attempt of the bishop of Reggio Emilia to display his power against the local aristocracies after the death of Matilde, last countess of Canossa

A DVFS Cycle Accurate Simulation Framework with Asynchronous NoC Design for Power-Performance Optimizations

Network-on-Chip (NoC) is a flexible and scalable solution to interconnect multi-cores, with a strong influence on the performance of the whole chip. On-chip network affects also the overall power consumption, thus requiring accurate early-stage estimation and optimization methodologies. In this scenario, the Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) technique have been proposed both for CPUs and NoCs. The promise is to be a flexible and scalable way to jointly optimize power-performance, addressing both static and dynamic power sources. Being simulation a de-facto prime solution to explore novel multi-core architectures, a reliable full system analysis requires to integrate in the toolchain accurate timing and power models for the DVFS block and for the resynchronization logic between different Voltage and Frequency Islands (VFIs). In such a way, a more accurate validation of novel optimization methodologies which exploit such actuator is possible, since both architectural and actuator overheads are considered at the same time. This work proposes a complete cycle accurate framework for multi-core design supporting Global Asynchronous Local Synchronous (GALS) NoC design and DVFS actuators for the NoC. Furthermore, static and dynamic frequency assignment is possible with or without the use of the voltage regulator. The proposed framework sits on accurate analytical timing model and SPICE-based power measures, providing accurate estimates of both timing and power overheads of the power control mechanisms

A Control-based Methodology for Power-performance Optimization in NoCs Exploiting DVFS

Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) are considered a viable solution to fully exploit the computational power of multi- and many-cores, but their non negligible power consumption requires ad hoc power-performance design methodologies. In this perspective, several proposals exploited the possibility to dynamically tune voltage and frequency for the interconnect, taking steps from traditional CPU-based power management solutions. However, the impact of the actuators, i.e. the limited range of frequencies for a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) or the time to increase voltage and frequency for a Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) modules, are often not carefully accounted for, thus overestimating the benefits. This paper presents a control-based methodology for the NoC power-performance optimization exploiting the Dynamic Frequency Scaling (DFS). Both timing and power overheads of the actuators are considered, thanks to an ad hoc simulation framework. Moreover the proposed methodology eventually allows for user and/or OS interactions to change between different high level power-performance modes, i.e. to trigger performance oriented or power saving system behaviors. Experimental validation considered a 16-core architecture comparing our proposal with different settings of threshold-based policies. We achieved a speedup up to 3 for the timing and a reduction up to 33.17% of the power ∗ time product against the best threshold-based policy. Moreover, our best control-based scheme provides an averaged power-performance product improvement of 16.50% and 34.79% against the best and the second considered threshold-based policy setting

Archaeology of private buildings in the Appennine mountains (XIth-XIVth century): materials, techniques, craftsmen

Con questo studio si è tentato di mettere in evidenza il potenziale informativo, a livello storico e archeologico, intrinseco a questo particolare tipo di fonti materiali, quali sono le architettura residenziali. Per fare ciò si è deciso di dare un primo inquadramento territoriale della ricerca, così da mettere in relazione il dato storico con quello geografico. In secondo luogo si è voluto esplicitare il metodo di indagine che si è scelto di applicare, con lo scopo di rendere note l'impostazione metodologica e l'impalcatura generale dello studio. Successivamente si è data una quanto più possibile breve descrizione della storia politica e dei principali avvenimenti che possono aver compartecipato alla formazione o a modifiche significative degli assetti territoriali e del paesaggio storico. Nei capitoli centrali si sono analizzati secondo diversi punti di vista, derivanti dalle diverse tipologie di fonti impiegate, i temi centrali della ricerca, ovvero le strutture abitative e insediative dell'Appennino reggiano, finalizzate alla ricostruzione delle principali tipologie individuate sul territorio sulla base di una lettura integrata tra dati archivistici e dati materiali. Infine si è tentato di delineare quali possono essere state le principali committenze, le maestranze e gli ambienti tecnici e sociali che hanno determinato le forme del paesaggio architettonico. Da ultimo si sono tratte alcune considerazioni conclusive, le quali non hanno la pretesa di esaurire le conoscenze ricavabili da questo tipo di approccio, quanto, all'opposto, di suscitare un rinnovato interesse e ulteriori domande da porre alle strutture residenziali e insediative del territorio.With this study I tried to highlight the potential, as historical and archaeological sources, carried out by the residential architecture. To do this I decided to give an initial territorial classification of the research, so as to relate the historical data with the geographical one. Secondly, we wanted to make explicit the method of investigation that we chose to apply, with the aim of making known the methodological approach and the general scaffolding of the study. Subsequently, a brief description of the political history and of the main events that may have participated in the formation or significant changes in the territorial structure and the historical landscape was given. In the central chapters, according to different points of view, deriving from the different types of sources used, the central themes of the research, that is the housing and settlement structures of the Reggio Apennines, aimed at reconstructing the main typologies identified in the territory on the basis of a integrated reading between archival data and material data. Finally, it was attempted to outline what may have been the main commissioners, the workers and the technical and social environments that determined the forms of the architectural landscape. Finally, some concluding considerations were made, which do not pretend to exhaust the knowledge derived from this type of approach, but, on the contrary, to arouse renewed interest and further questions to be asked of the residential and settlement structures of the territory

Dynamic Power Consumption of the Full Posit Processing Unit: Analysis and Experiments

Since its introduction in 2017, the Posit™ format for representing real numbers has attracted a lot of interest, as an alternative to IEEE 754 floating point representation. Several hardware implementations of arithmetic operations between posit numbers have also been proposed in recent years. In this work, we analyze the dynamic power consumption of the Full Posit Processing Unit (FPPU) recently developed at the University of Pisa. Experimental results show that we can model the dynamic power consumption of the FPPU with an acceptable approximation error from 2.84% (32-bit FPPU) to 7.32% (8-bit FPPU). Furthermore, from the synthesis of the power monitoring unit alongside the FPPU we demonstrate that the additional power module has an area cost that goes from ∼ 5% (32-bit FPPU) to ∼ 30% (8-bit FPPU) of the total unit area occupatio

Exploring manycore architectures for next-generation HPC systems through the MANGO approach

[EN] The Horizon 2020 MANGO project aims at exploring deeply heterogeneous accelerators for use in High-Performance Computing systems running multiple applications with different Quality of Service (QoS) levels. The main goal of the project is to exploit customization to adapt computing resources to reach the desired QoS. For this purpose, it explores different but interrelated mechanisms across the architecture and system software. In particular, in this paper we focus on the runtime resource management, the thermal management, and support provided for parallel programming, as well as introducing three applications on which the project foreground will be validated.This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 671668.Flich Cardo, J.; Agosta, G.; Ampletzer, P.; Atienza-Alonso, D.; Brandolese, C.; Cappe, E.; Cilardo, A.... (2018). Exploring manycore architectures for next-generation HPC systems through the MANGO approach. Microprocessors and Microsystems. 61:154-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2018.05.011S1541706

Physical activity measured by implanted devices predicts atrial arrhythmias and patient outcome: Results of IMPLANTED (Italian Multicentre Observational Registry on Patients With Implantable Devices Remotely Monitored)

Background--To determine whether daily physical activity (PA), as measured by implanted devices (through accelerometer sensor), was related to the risk of developing atrial arrhythmias during long-term follow-up in a population of heart failure (HF) patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Methods and Results--The study population was divided into 2 equally sized groups (PA cutoff point: 3.5 h/d) according to their mean daily PA recorded by the device during the 30- to 60-day period post-ICD implantation. Propensity score matching was used to compare 2 equally sized cohorts with similar characteristics between lower and higher activity patients. The primary end point was time free from the first atrial high-rate episode (AHRE) of duration 656 minutes. Secondary end points were: first AHRE 656 hours, first AHRE 6548 hours, and a combined end point of death or HF hospitalization. Data from 770 patients (65\ub115 years; 66% men; left ventricular ejection fraction 35\ub112%) remotely monitored for a median of 25 months were analyzed. A PA =3.5 h/d was associated with a 38% relative reduction in the risk of AHRE 656 minutes (72-month cumulative survival: 75.0% versus 68.1%; log rank P=0.025), and with a reduction in the risk of AHRE 656 hours, AHRE 6548 hours, and the combined end point of death or HF hospitalization (all P < 0.05). Conclusions--In HF patients with ICD, a low level of daily PA was associated with a higher risk of atrial arrhythmias, regardless of the patients' baseline characteristics. In addition, a lower daily PA predicted death or HF hospitalization

Patient-derived xenografts and organoids model therapy response in prostate cancer.

Therapy resistance and metastatic processes in prostate cancer (PCa) remain undefined, due to lack of experimental models that mimic different disease stages. We describe an androgen-dependent PCa patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model from treatment-naïve, soft tissue metastasis (PNPCa). RNA and whole-exome sequencing of the PDX tissue and organoids confirmed transcriptomic and genomic similarity to primary tumor. PNPCa harbors BRCA2 and CHD1 somatic mutations, shows an SPOP/FOXA1-like transcriptomic signature and microsatellite instability, which occurs in 3% of advanced PCa and has never been modeled in vivo. Comparison of the treatment-naïve PNPCa with additional metastatic PDXs (BM18, LAPC9), in a medium-throughput organoid screen of FDA-approved compounds, revealed differential drug sensitivities. Multikinase inhibitors (ponatinib, sunitinib, sorafenib) were broadly effective on all PDX- and patient-derived organoids from advanced cases with acquired resistance to standard-of-care compounds. This proof-of-principle study may provide a preclinical tool to screen drug responses to standard-of-care and newly identified, repurposed compounds

TEXTAROSSA: Towards EXtreme scale Technologies and Accelerators for euROhpc hw/Sw Supercomputing Applications for exascale

International audienceTo achieve high performance and high energy efficiency on near-future exascale computing systems, three key technology gaps needs to be bridged. These gaps include: energy efficiency and thermal control; extreme computation efficiency via HW acceleration and new arithmetics; methods andtools for seamless integration of reconfigurable accelerators in heterogeneous HPC multi-node platforms. TEXTAROSSA aims at tackling this gap through a co-design approach to heterogeneous HPC solutions, supported by the integration and extension of HW and SW IPs, programming models and tools derived from European research

Romanico appenninico. Le chiese della diocesi di Reggio Emilia tra XI e XII secolo

Studio sull'edilizia religiosa medievale della Diocesi di Reggio Emilia, in particolare della sua parte appenninica, con revisione della bibliografia edita alla luce di nuovi studi di archeologia degli elevati e di archeologia del paesaggio