Avaliação da concentração de aeroalérgenos na pelagem de cães (Canis familiaris) e na poeira a partir de domicílios de crianças com rinite e ou asmas alérgicas

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Nelson Augusto Rosário FilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente. Defesa : Curitiba, 20/03/2012Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: Alergia, imunologia, pneumologia pediátricaResumo: Os alérgenos provenientes dos ácaros da poeira doméstica possuem natureza enzimática, são perenes, geralmente encontrados nas roupas de cama, colchões, travesseiros, chão do quarto e sala de estar e são frequentemente relacionados com sensibilização e intensificação dos sintomas da rinite e asma alérgicas em indivíduos suscetíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as concentrações de alérgenos provenientes de ácaros (Der p 1, Der f 1 e Blo t 5), do epitélio de cães (Can f 1) e gatos (Fel d 1) na pelagem de cães e no ambiente, verificando se os cães podem servir de reservatório de alérgenos para o ambiente, bem como serem capazes de precipitar crises alérgicas em seus proprietários e contactantes. Para tal, foram selecionados o domicílio de 53 crianças com sintomas de rinite ou asma alérgicas, sendo que 32 conviviam com cães (grupo 1) e 21 não (grupo 2). Amostras da poeira domiciliar e da pelagem dos cães foram coletadas visando à avaliação dos níveis dos alérgenos pelo método de ELISA alérgeno específico, sendo todos os dados analisados estatisticamente e considerado o nível de significância mínimo de 5%. Na pelagem dos cães, as concentrações médias de Der p 1 (0,4 ?g/g), Der f 1 (0,3 ?g/g) e Blo t 5 (0,3 ?g/g) foram inferiores aos alérgenos de animais, Can f 1 (3,3 ?g/g) (p 0,05), sendo as concentrações de Can f 1 e Fel d 1 superiores em ambientes com cães (p 0.05), the concentration of Can f 1 and Fel d 1 was higher in environments with dogs (p <0.001). As a conclusion, it is correct to assure that the coat of dogs can carry and spread to the environment mainly animal allergens and also can carry mite allergens for about 1/3 of the time, but in concentrations with no sensitise, which do not contribute significantly to their environmental existence. Keywords: Mites. Allergens. Dogs. Rhinitis. Asthma

Use of Staphylococcus aureus Phage Lysate Staphage Lysate (SPL)® for the Control of Recurrent Pyoderma Eczema in Dogs with Atopic Dermatitis

Background: Recurrent staphylococcal infections are frequent in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD). Many factors seem to contribute to making bacterial pyoderma refractory to treatment. Short-term systemic antibiotic therapy is effective for the treatment of acute symptoms, and may, along with pulsatile therapy, contribute to the long-term control of the disease. However, microbial resistance has become a growing and alarming problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the use of Staphylococcus aureus Phage Lysate Staphage Lysate (SPL)®, can minimize the symptoms of recurrent pyoderma and increase the interval between acute atopic manifestations in dogs.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirteen dogs with a history of Canine Atopic Dematitis (CAD) and recurrent bacterial pyoderma received SPL at increasing intervals for 23 weeks. The contents of an intact pustule of each dog was collected and submitted to microbiological analysis. Systemic antibiotic therapy was established for the first 4-6 weeks of SPL protocol, based on the antibiotic sensitivity tests. The animals included in the study underwent a therapeutic protocol receiving shots of 0.5 mL of SPL subcutaneously (SC) twice a week for the first 12 weeks; 1.0 mL of SPL (SC) once a week for four weeks; 1.0 mL of SPL (SC) once every 15 days; 1.0 mL of SPL (SC) after a three-week interval from the last dose on week 20, until final observation at week 26, with no application. The animals underwent clinical examination every week and the evaluation of pruritus was used according Rybnicek et al. During the therapeutic protocol with SPL, a significant decline in the pruritus was observed in the treated dogs (P < 0.05). In week 1, the mean pruritus index was 7.33 on the Rybnicek scale; in weeks 12 and 23, the mean indices were 2.41 and 1.91. An effectiveness of 83.33% for the control of pruritus along with regression of the lesions was observed.Discussion: Before treatment, the selected animals presented worsening of the pruritus during the pyoderma eczema episodes (pruritic), resulting in the emergence of a vicious cycle where the pruritus induced the appearance of new lesions, requiring the use of antibiotics for a long period. During the therapeutic protocol with SPL, a significant decline in the pruritus was observed in the treated dogs. The control of pruritus associated with pyoderma eczema of the dogs in this study before the vaccination protocol with SPL was satisfactory when they were subjected to antibiotic therapy; however, after suspending therapy, the bacterial infections recurred, on average, after 2-4 weeks. On the other hand, with the use of SPL, the animals were recurrence-free until the end of the experimental protocol. This was attributed to the antibiotic therapy administered at the beginning of the protocol, as this led to a regression of the bacterial pyoderma and involution of the lesions. However, after suspending antibiotics, it was observed that, by the end of the study, 83.33% of the dogs still had a low level of pruritus, few or no lesions, which were considered acceptable to most owners. At this moment none of these patients needed to be subjected to antibiotic treatment. The sums of the scores for the dogs on weeks 1, 12, and 23 were 53.33, 4.41, and 3.5, respectively, indicating significant improvements of the lesions, showing that the proposed protocol with SPL was able to prevent new episodes of pyoderma

INCLUSÕES PLAQUETÁRIAS SEMELHANTES A Anaplasma platys (Ehrlichia platys) EM GATO

O presente trabalho descreve o caso de um felino, fêmea, de aproximadamente oito meses, com histórico de traumatismo. Ao exame hematológico, verificou-se anemia normocítica normocrômica e inclusões em plaquetas semelhantes a mórulas de Anaplasma platys (Ehrlichia platys), sendo o primeiro relato da rickettsia em felinos

Vulvar Lymphangiosarcoma in a Bitch

Background: Lymphangiosarcoma (LSA) is a rare, highly malignant and infiltrative neoplasm of the lymphatic endothelium of dogs and cats. It is mostly reported in medium to large breed dogs, over 5-year-old, with no sexual predisposition. Affected animals present fluctuating and diffuse swelling, covering both dermis and subcutaneous tissue, spreading through lymphatic and haematic vessels. Histologically, LSA is characterized by connected channels devoid of conspicuous haematic elements. Treatment depends on location of the neoplasm, staging, and possibility of curative surgical excision. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can increase survival time. In this report, we describe a rare case of vulvar LSA in a dog. This is the first Brazilian report of LSA in dogs so far.Case: A 3-year-old, female, mixed breed dog was presented for evaluation of vesicle-bullous lesions in the vulvar and perivulvar region with progressive growth along 6 month. Histopathology revealed neoplastic proliferation in the superficial dermis, advancing through the profound dermis. The histological lesion pattern was consistent with angiosarcoma, which united along with macroscopic pattern of the tumor, and the presence of multiple anastomosed vascular structures without erythrocytes within it at microscopy, was compatible with LSA. No evidence of metastasis or lymphadenopathy was found on survey radiography and ultrasound. We performed a surgical excision, and remaining wound was reconstructed with an advancement skin flap. Despite wide surgical resection, neoplastic cells could be found in surgical borders, as well as a metastatic inguinal lymph node. Postoperative chemotherapy based on doxorubicin as a single agent was administrated. Disease free interval (DFI) was one month after surgery, when small bullous lesions were observed near the surgical site, and histopathological exam confirmed LSA. Three months after the surgical procedure, the patient presented with worsening of the lesions, anorexia, and apathy. The owner opted for euthanasia. Total survival time was five months.Discussion: The LSA occurs often in dogs above five years old, unlike this case, in which the patient was 3 years old. Several anatomic locations were cited in other reports. In this case, the lesion was in both the vulvar and perivulvar regions, which is an uncommon location of LSA, described as secondarily affected region in one report only. Despite absence of metastasis in this case, lungs, kidneys, bone marrow, and spleen can be affected. Histopathologic exam is the golden standard for a definitive diagnose of LSA. Diagnosing LSA may be challenging due to its resemblance to hemangiosarcoma, and confirmation is only possible if histopathology detects an absence of red blood cells in the lymphatic channels. Prognosis is poor due to LSA aggressive and infiltrative features. Doxorubicin demonstrated good clinical response in other dogs. Chemotherapy protocols, whether alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide, have been proving to be promising in dogs with soft tissue sarcomas, such as LSA. Surgical approach is the most appropriate and it may be associated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, especially if complete resection of the tumor is not possible. In this report, even though it was a young animal, the location and extension of the lesion did not contribute to the good prognosis, even after adding adjuvant chemotherapy to the treatment

Metástase cutânea de osteossarcoma em um cão: relato de caso

This article relates a case of a three-year-old male Rottweiler dog, with diagnostic of fibroblastic osteosarcoma on left femur distal third, associated with cutaneous metastasis. It's detached the rare occurrence of this found in dog, being an aggravating factor for the prognostic of this disease.Relata-se neste trabalho o caso de um cão Rottweiler, macho, de três anos de idade, com diagnóstico de osteossarcoma fibroblástico em terço distal de fêmur esquerdo, associado a metástase cutânea. Ressalta-se a insólita ocorrência deste achado em cães, sendo este um fator agravante para o prognóstico desta enfermidade

ISOLAMENTO DE DERMATÓFITOS DO PELO DE CÃES E GATOS PERTENCENTES A PROPRIETÁRIOS COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE DERMATOFITOSE

Este estudo avaliou o potencial de cães e gatos em disseminar fungos dermatófitos, o perfil epidemiológico mais suscetível e as principais síndromes clínicas associados à dermatofitose humana. Foram coletados e cultivados pêlos e escamas de 21 gatos e 33 cães domiciliados com 25 proprietários com diagnóstico de dermatofitose. Tanto crianças como adultos adquiriram a dermatofitose a partir do contato com cães e gatos. A maioria das crianças apresentava Tinea capitis enquanto os adultos apresentavam Tinea corporis. Dos animais avaliados, 67% (36/54) foram positivos para fungos dermatófitos, sendo 95% (20/21) dos gatos e 49% (16/33) dos cães positivos. Dos gatos analisados, tanto assintomáticos como sintomáticos podem ter transmitido a doença. Quanto aos cães, os assintomáticos foram provavelmente os principais veiculadores da dermatofitose aos seus proprietários. Das amostras positivas em gatos, e em 94,4% das positivas em cães, o dermatófito isolado foi o Microsporum canis. 

Characterization and in vitro susceptibility profile of bacterial samples harvest from canine chronic otitis

This study aimed to identify which are the most frequent bacteria evolved in cases of chronic otitis in dogs in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, as well to determine their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. Data of positive bacterial culture from dogs affected by chronic or recurrent otitis were compiled from the records of the veterinary hospital of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, southern Brazil. In a period of 16 months, a total of 83 bacterial cultures were performed, resulting in 192 isolates. All isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility tests, based on the Kirby-Bauer technique using 17 drugs from 8 antibiotic classes (?-lactams, aminoglycosides, lincosamides, macrolides, polypeptides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and amphenicols). The five most frequent bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus spp. (58.32%), Proteus spp. (14.58%), Escherichia coli (9.90%) and Pseudomonas spp. (8.33%). The four most effective antibiotics were amikacin (13.29%), neomycin (24.47%), gentamicin (25.52%) and tobramycin (26.70%); however, these aminoglycosides may cause ototoxicity, and their use should be restricted when the tympanic membrane is intact. Quinolones also showed antimicrobial effectiveness, with 29.17% of the isolates showing resistance to ciprofloxacin and 29.69% to enrofloxacin. According to the results, it can be concluded that aminoglycosides and quinolones were effective against microorganisms of canine chronic otitis

O nível de atividade física na manutenção da autonomia para realização das atividades da vida diária (AVDS) / The level of physical activity in maintaining autonomy to perform activities of daily living (AVDS)

A autonomia é o setor mais afetado com o processo de envelhecimento, pois com o passar dos anos o organismo humano tende a sofrer um declínio natural de suas funções, o que consequentemente irá provocar a perda de capacidades básicas necessárias para realizar atividades diárias com autonomia própria. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a influência do exercício físico na manutenção da autonomia para realização das atividades da vida diária, em 60 idosas com idade entre 60 e 90 anos, associadas à Casa da Experiência, localizada na cidade de São João dos Patos – MA, identificando a possível relação entre prática de exercícios físico e atividades da vida diária em idosos fisicamente ativos (IFA) e idosos irregularmente ativos e sedentários (IIAS), avaliando o nível de dificuldade e o grau de autonomia. Para que análise fosse possível utilizaram-se como aspectos metodológicos uma pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa, com aplicação do questionário de avaliação do nível de atividade física (IPAQ), onde a partir dos dados coletados fez-se uma divisão da amostra em dois grupos o dos (IFA) e dos (IIAS), para avaliar a capacidade funcional, a mesma foi realizada uma bateria de testes proposta pelo protocolo de Avaliação do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino Americano para Maturidade (GDLAM) compreendida por cinco testes: C10M, LPS, LPDV, VTC e LCLC. Nos resultados constatou-se que os (IIAS) demoraram mais que os (IFA) o que nos leva a concluir que com uma vida ativa é possível manter-se autônomo e viver um período de senescência com maior qualidade

Statement of Second Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Ventilarion : part I

Resumo não disponíve

Avaliação da concentração de aeroalérgenos na pelagem de cães (Canis familiaris) e na poeira a partir de domicílios de crianças com rinite e ou asmas alérgicas

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Nelson Augusto Rosário FilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente. Defesa : Curitiba, 20/03/2012Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: Alergia, imunologia, pneumologia pediátricaResumo: Os alérgenos provenientes dos ácaros da poeira doméstica possuem natureza enzimática, são perenes, geralmente encontrados nas roupas de cama, colchões, travesseiros, chão do quarto e sala de estar e são frequentemente relacionados com sensibilização e intensificação dos sintomas da rinite e asma alérgicas em indivíduos suscetíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as concentrações de alérgenos provenientes de ácaros (Der p 1, Der f 1 e Blo t 5), do epitélio de cães (Can f 1) e gatos (Fel d 1) na pelagem de cães e no ambiente, verificando se os cães podem servir de reservatório de alérgenos para o ambiente, bem como serem capazes de precipitar crises alérgicas em seus proprietários e contactantes. Para tal, foram selecionados o domicílio de 53 crianças com sintomas de rinite ou asma alérgicas, sendo que 32 conviviam com cães (grupo 1) e 21 não (grupo 2). Amostras da poeira domiciliar e da pelagem dos cães foram coletadas visando à avaliação dos níveis dos alérgenos pelo método de ELISA alérgeno específico, sendo todos os dados analisados estatisticamente e considerado o nível de significância mínimo de 5%. Na pelagem dos cães, as concentrações médias de Der p 1 (0,4 ?g/g), Der f 1 (0,3 ?g/g) e Blo t 5 (0,3 ?g/g) foram inferiores aos alérgenos de animais, Can f 1 (3,3 ?g/g) (p 0,05), sendo as concentrações de Can f 1 e Fel d 1 superiores em ambientes com cães (p 0.05), the concentration of Can f 1 and Fel d 1 was higher in environments with dogs (p <0.001). As a conclusion, it is correct to assure that the coat of dogs can carry and spread to the environment mainly animal allergens and also can carry mite allergens for about 1/3 of the time, but in concentrations with no sensitise, which do not contribute significantly to their environmental existence. Keywords: Mites. Allergens. Dogs. Rhinitis. Asthma