82 research outputs found
Les quartiers sensibles en Franche-Comté
Le laboratoire ThĂ©MA (UMR 6049, CNRS-UniversitĂ© de Franche-ComtĂ©) a menĂ© une recherche sur les quartiers sensibles de Franche-ComtĂ©, entre 2003 et 2006 Ă la demande des services de l'Ătat. Elle fait suite Ă une Ă©tude du mĂȘme type rĂ©alisĂ©e par l'IRADES (UPRESA 6049) entre 1991 et 1998 (cf. Images de Franche-ComtĂ© n°15)
Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs
Life-threatening `breakthrough' cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody response to the SARS- CoV-2 vaccine in individuals already at risk. Pre-existing autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; however, their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people remains unknown. Here, we studied a cohort of 48 individuals ( age 20-86 years) who received 2 doses of an mRNA vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Antibody levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto- Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal antibody response to the vaccine. Among them, ten (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43-86 years). Eight of these ten patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-a2 and IFN-., while two neutralized IFN-omega only. No patient neutralized IFN-ss. Seven neutralized 10 ng/mL of type I IFNs, and three 100 pg/mL only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) efficiently, while one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only 100 pg/mL of type I IFNs neutralized both D61G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a significant proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population
COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study
Background:
The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms.
Methods:
International, prospective observational study of 60â109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms.
Results:
âTypicalâ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (â€â18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (â„â70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each Pâ<â0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country.
Interpretation:
This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men
Pierre Gisel, Du Religieux, du théologique et du social : Traversées et déplacements, Paris, Editions du CERF, 2012
Les identitĂ©s religieuses sont devenues incertaines et la tĂąche des philosophes, des thĂ©ologiens et des chercheurs en sciences sociales semble sâĂȘtre complexifiĂ©e. Leur histoire apportant de nouvelles modalitĂ©s dâexpression et de lecture Ă chaque Ăąge, quel peut ĂȘtre le geste du philosophe contemporain ? Car, « il nây a pas Ă connaĂźtre seulement, il y a Ă penser » comme le disait Deleuze. Il y a Ă comprendre son objet, il y a Ă©galement Ă se situer. DĂ©finissant la religion chrĂ©tienne comme « en..
Pierre Gisel, Du Religieux, du théologique et du social : Traversées et déplacements, Paris, Editions du CERF, 2012
Les identitĂ©s religieuses sont devenues incertaines et la tĂąche des philosophes, des thĂ©ologiens et des chercheurs en sciences sociales semble sâĂȘtre complexifiĂ©e. Leur histoire apportant de nouvelles modalitĂ©s dâexpression et de lecture Ă chaque Ăąge, quel peut ĂȘtre le geste du philosophe contemporain ? Car, « il nây a pas Ă connaĂźtre seulement, il y a Ă penser » comme le disait Deleuze. Il y a Ă comprendre son objet, il y a Ă©galement Ă se situer. DĂ©finissant la religion chrĂ©tienne comme « en..
Reducing hospital stay after child birth in Roubaix : womenâs experience, domestic work and home care practices
La naissance est marquĂ©e par le paradoxe dâune forte mĂ©dicalisation et dâun dĂ©sinvestissement hospitalier de la pĂ©riode postnatale. Les dispositifs dâaccompagnement au retour Ă domicile ne constituent pas une dĂ©mĂ©dicalisation mais plutĂŽt un transfert de lâhĂŽpital vers le rĂ©seau social des familles et les professionnels de la santĂ©. Le suivi mĂ©dical Ă domicile doit permettre la poursuite dâune surveillance des familles. A lâissue de ce travail, il apparaĂźt dâune part que les dispositifs Ă©tudiĂ©s ne sont pas complĂštement appliquĂ©s selon les recommandations, parfois au dĂ©triment de certaines familles, et dâautre part, quâils ne sont pas adaptĂ©s Ă lâensemble des personnes rencontrĂ©es Ă Roubaix. Les usages des familles face Ă ces propositions sont divers. La place des professionnels Ă domicile est variable selon les contacts prĂ©Ă©tablis. Certaines familles sâapproprient les services proposĂ©s et en tirent bĂ©nĂ©fice, dâautres les perçoivent comme un contrĂŽle et sâen dĂ©fient. Cette organisation est source de difficultĂ©s puisque les critĂšres dâĂ©ligibilitĂ© sont essentiellement mĂ©dicaux. Des familles ne recourent pas systĂ©matiquement aux dispositifs institutionnels qui pourraient les prĂ©parer au retour prĂ©coce, cherchant parfois Ă se mettre Ă distance du systĂšme ou privilĂ©giant leur expĂ©rience. A distance, les mĂšres et leur famille, selon leur niveau socio-Ă©conomique, leur expĂ©rience de la maternitĂ© ou leur parcours de formation favorisent les savoirs professionnels ou profanes. Lâorganisation Ă domicile est dĂ©pendante de lâinvestissement du conjoint et de lâentourage, peu repĂ©rĂ© par les professionnels, et peut alors ĂȘtre lâoccasion dâune fragilisation de la situation personnelle et familiale.Contemporary, birth is marked by a paradox: it is both widelymedicalized and underinvested by hospital during the postnatal period. The existing schemes for caring at home cannot be seen as a demedicalization process, but rather as a transfer from hospital to social network families and health professionals. The medical follow-up at home is meant to enable the monitoring of families. This thesis shows that the recommendations of these schemes are not fully applied, sometimes to the familiesâ disadvantage. Furthermore, the schemes are not adjusted to all the people, we have interviewed in Roubaix. Familiesâ uses of these schemes are diverse, and the investment and role of the professionals depends on formerly established contacts. Whereas some families take over the proposed assistance and profit from it, others families perceive them as control and distrust. This organization can create some difficulties as eligibility requirements are mainly medicals. Moreover, some families do not systematically take up institutional schemes which could prepare them to an early return after delivery, in order to stay away from this system or to opt for their own experience. According to their socio-economic status, their maternityâs experience or their educational background, mothers and their family do not favour the same knowledge (professionals or non-expert). Eventually, home organization depends on the partner, relatives and friendsâ investment, which is barely noticed by professionals and can cause personal and familial breakdown
Raccourcissement du sĂ©jour hospitalier aprĂšs la naissance dâun enfant Ă Roubaix : vĂ©cu des femmes, travail domestique et pratiques de soins Ă domicile
Contemporary, birth is marked by a paradox: it is both widelymedicalized and underinvested by hospital during the postnatal period. The existing schemes for caring at home cannot be seen as a demedicalization process, but rather as a transfer from hospital to social network families and health professionals. The medical follow-up at home is meant to enable the monitoring of families. This thesis shows that the recommendations of these schemes are not fully applied, sometimes to the familiesâ disadvantage. Furthermore, the schemes are not adjusted to all the people, we have interviewed in Roubaix. Familiesâ uses of these schemes are diverse, and the investment and role of the professionals depends on formerly established contacts. Whereas some families take over the proposed assistance and profit from it, others families perceive them as control and distrust. This organization can create some difficulties as eligibility requirements are mainly medicals. Moreover, some families do not systematically take up institutional schemes which could prepare them to an early return after delivery, in order to stay away from this system or to opt for their own experience. According to their socio-economic status, their maternityâs experience or their educational background, mothers and their family do not favour the same knowledge (professionals or non-expert). Eventually, home organization depends on the partner, relatives and friendsâ investment, which is barely noticed by professionals and can cause personal and familial breakdown.La naissance est marquĂ©e par le paradoxe dâune forte mĂ©dicalisation et dâun dĂ©sinvestissement hospitalier de la pĂ©riode postnatale. Les dispositifs dâaccompagnement au retour Ă domicile ne constituent pas une dĂ©mĂ©dicalisation mais plutĂŽt un transfert de lâhĂŽpital vers le rĂ©seau social des familles et les professionnels de la santĂ©. Le suivi mĂ©dical Ă domicile doit permettre la poursuite dâune surveillance des familles. A lâissue de ce travail, il apparaĂźt dâune part que les dispositifs Ă©tudiĂ©s ne sont pas complĂštement appliquĂ©s selon les recommandations, parfois au dĂ©triment de certaines familles, et dâautre part, quâils ne sont pas adaptĂ©s Ă lâensemble des personnes rencontrĂ©es Ă Roubaix. Les usages des familles face Ă ces propositions sont divers. La place des professionnels Ă domicile est variable selon les contacts prĂ©Ă©tablis. Certaines familles sâapproprient les services proposĂ©s et en tirent bĂ©nĂ©fice, dâautres les perçoivent comme un contrĂŽle et sâen dĂ©fient. Cette organisation est source de difficultĂ©s puisque les critĂšres dâĂ©ligibilitĂ© sont essentiellement mĂ©dicaux. Des familles ne recourent pas systĂ©matiquement aux dispositifs institutionnels qui pourraient les prĂ©parer au retour prĂ©coce, cherchant parfois Ă se mettre Ă distance du systĂšme ou privilĂ©giant leur expĂ©rience. A distance, les mĂšres et leur famille, selon leur niveau socio-Ă©conomique, leur expĂ©rience de la maternitĂ© ou leur parcours de formation favorisent les savoirs professionnels ou profanes. Lâorganisation Ă domicile est dĂ©pendante de lâinvestissement du conjoint et de lâentourage, peu repĂ©rĂ© par les professionnels, et peut alors ĂȘtre lâoccasion dâune fragilisation de la situation personnelle et familiale
« De la gestothÚque au Port Nord. Etudes pour ambiances patrimoniales industrielles à venir »
Actes du 3e CongrĂšs International sur les AmbiancesInternational audienc
Le voile du croire
Anne Dubos : Dans votre ouvrage, lâorigine de la croyance religieuse semble coĂŻncider avec lâorigine de lâhumanitĂ© ou mieux, il y aurait une sĂ©rie de changements menant vers lâHomo sapiens, est-ce cette capacitĂ© Ă croire, qui fonde selon vous les principes dâhumanitĂ© du Sapiens ? Albert Piette : A partir du moment oĂč des hommes ont cru Ă des choses incroyables, le monde a changĂ©. Et la maniĂšre dâexister, dâĂȘtre au monde a elle-mĂȘme changĂ©. Câest lâhypothĂšse du livre, qui consiste en un rĂ©cit ..
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