Evaluation of treatment in AGE: A comparative study

Objective: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the most common infections among children. Oral rehydration is the first-line treatment. In this study, it was aimed to compare the efficacy of probiotics, zinc, and combined therapies in children admitted with AGE. Methods: The study included 132 patients with a diagnosis of AGE in the Pediatric Emergency Service between October 2020 and April 2021, in a comparative study, prospective, placebo-controlled manner. Only appropriate dietary recommendations were given to the first (control) group, probiotics (Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium longum) to the second group, zinc to the third group, and probiotics and zinc to the fourth group.1. Results: A total of 132 participants (27.5 ± 3.6 months, 59.8% male) were included in the study. The mean duration time of the termination of diarrhea was 84.5 ± 10.7 hours (range; 79-89) in group1, 73.05±6.8 hours (range; 70.5-75.4) in group 2, 80.1 ± 10.3 hours (range; 76-84) in group 3, and 43.5±9.6 hours (range; 46-48) in group 4. When all groups were compared, the duration of the termination of diarrhea was shorter in group 4 with a statistically significant level (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our study showed that in the management of acute diarrhea, the efficiency of combined treatment with probiotics and zinc was better than other treatments. New studies are needed to be able to use this combination together in the treatment of childhood AGE. Keywords: Child, Gastroenteritis, Probiotic, Zin

Synthesis of some new Methoxy Bridged Benzimidazolyl-Substituted phthalocyanines as potent inhibitors of urease

AKCAY, Hakki Turker/0000-0002-8502-9608WOS: 000443574000012In this study, the novel peripherally 4-[(2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)methoxy] substituted Zn(II) (3) Cu(II) (4), Co(II) (5) phthalocyanines were prepared and their structures were characterized spectro-scopically. The light absorption behaviors of the synthesized compounds (3-6) were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy in the different concentration and different solvents were studied also. In addition, the urease inhibition activities of the synthesized compounds were also investigated. Among the synthesized molecules, compound 5 showed the best inhibitory effect against jack bean urease with IC50 values of 0.0034 +/- 0.0010 mu M. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi - Research Funding [FBA-2017-788]This study was supported by Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi - Research Funding - (Project no FBA-2017-788)

Direct kidney injury or lower extremity ischemia induced indirect kidney injury: Which one is more harmful for kidneys?

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the severity of kidney damage following lower limb ischemia-reperfusion and direct kidney ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Thirty Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups; lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion group (Group 2), renal ischemia-reperfusion group (Group 3) and control (anesthesia and median laparotomy only) (Group 1). In group 3, 1-h ischemia was performed on the kidney and in group 2, 1-h ischemia was performed on the left lower extremity. This procedure was followed by reperfusion for 24 h. Renal tissues were removed after the reperfusion period and the groups were evaluated for glutathioneperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde and GSH levels, and furthermore, their histolopathological scores were calculated. Results Renal malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in Group 2 and Group 3 than they were in the Control group. There was no significant difference in renal malondialdehyde levels between Group 2 and Group 3. Kidney glutathione (GSH) levels were statistically lower in Group 2 and Group 3 than in the Control group. No statistically significant difference was found between Group 2 and Group 3 regarding their GSH levels. In histological evaluation, there was no statistically significant difference between Group 2 and Group 3 in terms of kidney damage score. Conclusions This study has identified that lower extremity ischemia induces remote kidney damage with similar features to kidney injury, occurring after direct kidney ischemia-reperfusion

Atrial Fibrillation Management in Acute Stroke Patients in Türkiye: Real-life Data from the NöroTek Study

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common directly preventable cause of ischemic stroke. There is no dependable neurology-based data on the spectrum of stroke caused by AF in Turkiye. Within the scope of NoroTek-Turkiye (TR), hospital-based data on acute stroke patients with AF were collected to contribute to the creation of acute-stroke algorithms.Materials and Methods: On May 10, 2018 (World Stroke Awareness Day), 1,790 patients hospitalized at 87 neurology units in 30 health regions were prospectively evaluated. A total of 929 patients [859 acute ischemic stroke, 70 transient ischemic attack (TIA)] from this study were included in this analysis.Results: The rate of AF in patients hospitalized for ischemic stroke/TIA was 29.8%, of which 65% were known before stroke, 5% were paroxysmal, and 30% were diagnosed after hospital admission. The proportion of patients with AF who received "effective" treatment [international normalization ratio >= 2.0 warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) at a guideline dose] was 25.3%, and, either no medication or only antiplatelet was used in 42.5% of the cases. The low dose rate was 50% in 42 patients who had a stroke while taking NOACs. Anticoagulant was prescribed to the patient at discharge at a rate of 94.6%; low molecular weight or unfractionated heparin was prescribed in 28.1%, warfarin in 32.5%, and NOACs in 31%. The dose was in the low category in 22% of the cases discharged with NOACs, and half of the cases, who received NOACs at admission, were discharged with the same drug.Conclusion: NoroTekTR revealed the high but expected frequency of AF in acute stroke in Turkiye, as well as the aspects that could be improved in the management of secondary prophylaxis. AF is found in approximately one-third of hospitalized acute stroke cases in Turkiye. Effective anticoagulant therapy was not used in three-quarters of acute stroke cases with known AF. In AF, heparin, warfarin, and NOACs are planned at a similar frequency (one-third) within the scope of stroke secondary prophylaxis, and the prescribed NOAC dose is subtherapeutic in a quarter of the cases. Non-medical and medical education appears necessary to prevent stroke caused by AF