Talleres de historia en Trabajo Social: la formación académica como construcción colectiva

En el presente trabajo realizaremos un análisis sobre de las dinámicas mediante las cuales se desarrollaron los tres Talleres correspondientes al primer cuatrimestre de la cátedra de Historia Social Argentina y Latinoamericana, en el período lectivo 2017. Nuestro objetivo es compartir el valor de las experiencias construidas para la formación profesional en Trabajo Social, deteniéndonos en las formas en que se constituyeron los distintos talleres, a través de las perspectivas y discusiones debatidas sobre el mundo del Trabajo -y su relación con el Trabajo Social-, partiendo de las intervenciones orales y escritas de las y los estudiantes. Los Talleres están orientados a profundizar la dimensión del conflicto social en que se constituyen los sujetos en la historia reciente. Tienen un estrecho vínculo con el programa de la materia, y en ellos se trabaja con textos de las instancias teóricas y prácticas. Se abordan diversos discursos vinculados a la historia, las formas de lucha y organización de la clase trabajadora, el movimiento de mujeres, la emergencia de los pueblos originarios, las asociaciones de trabajadores estatales, los organismos de derechos humanos y los proyectos de integración latinoamericana. Se realizan con el objetivo de desarrollar el debate e intercambio con referentes sociales, políticos y académicos sobre las temáticas y textos abordados en los teóricos y trabajos prácticos.Eje Acción colectiva-GT 20: Historia reciente, memoria colectiva y trabajo social.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

Effectiveness of a 'Global Postural Reeducation' program for persistent Low Back Pain: A non-randomized controlled trial

Background. The aim of this non-randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Global Postural Reeducation (GPR) program as compared to a Stabilization Exercise (SE) program in subjects with persistent low back pain (LBP) at short- and mid-term follow-up (ie. 3 and 6 months). Methods. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 patients with a primary complaint of persistent LBP were enrolled in the study: 50 were allocated to the GPR group and 50 to the SE group. Primary outcome measures were Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Secondary outcome measures were lumbar Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Fingertip-to-floor test (FFT). Data were collected at baseline and at 3/6 months by health care professionals unaware of the study. An intention to treat approach was used to analyze participants according to the group to which they were originally assigned. Results. Of the 100 patients initially included in the study, 78 patients completed the study: 42 in the GPR group and 36 in the SE group. At baseline, the two groups did not differ significantly with respect to gender, age, BMI and outcome measures. Comparing the differences between groups at short- and mid-term follow-up, the GPR group revealed a significant reduction (from baseline) in all outcome measures with respect to the SE group. The ordered logistic regression model showed an increased likelihood of definitive improvement (reduction from baseline of at least 30% in RMDQ and VAS scores) for the GPR group compared to the SE group (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.7 to 5.7). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that a GPR intervention in subjects with persistent LBP induces a greater improvement on pain and disability as compared to a SE program. These results must be confirmed by further studies with higher methodological standards, including randomization, larger sample size, longer follow-up and subgrouping of the LBP subjects. © 2010 Bonetti et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Using PubMed Search Strings for Efficient Retrieval of Manual Therapy Research Literature

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to construct PubMed search strings that could efficiently retrieve studies on manual therapy (MT), especially for time-constrained clinicians. Methods Our experts chose 11 Medical Subject Heading terms describing MT along with 84 additional potential terms. For each term that was able to retrieve more than 100 abstracts, we systematically extracted a sample of abstracts from which we estimated the proportion of studies potentially relevant to MT. We then constructed 2 search strings: 1 narrow (threshold of pertinent articles ≥ 40%) and 1 expanded (including all terms for which a proportion had been calculated). We tested these search strings against articles on 2 conditions relevant to MT (thoracic and temporomandibular pain). We calculated the number of abstracts needed to read (NNR) to identify 1 potentially pertinent article in the context of these conditions. Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of the proposed PubMed search strings to identify relevant articles included in a systematic review on spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low back pain. Results Fifty-five search terms were able to extract more than 100 citations. The NNR to find 1 potentially pertinent article using the narrow string was 1.2 for thoracic pain and 1.3 for temporomandibular pain, and the NNR for the expanded string was 1.9 and 1.6, respectively. The narrow search strategy retrieved all the randomized controlled trials included in the systematic review selected for comparison. Conclusion The proposed PubMed search strings may help health care professionals locate potentially pertinent articles and review a large number of MT studies efficiently to better implement evidence-based practice

A INGESTÃO DIETÉTICA DE PRODUTOS FINAIS DE GLICAÇÃO AVANÇADA E DE COMPOSTOS BIOATIVOS NO PRÉ-DIAGNÓSTICO DE CÂNCER

A ingestão alimentar tem influência direta na suscetibilidade ou prevenção do desenvolvimento do câncer, uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade na atualidade. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a associação da ingestão alimentar pré-diagnóstica de produtos finais de glicação avançada (AGEs) e componentes bioativos e sua relação com a localização primária do câncer. Estudo de análise observacional transversal, com amostra composta por 8 peças em tratamento oncológico atendidas no Hospital Nossa Senhora das Dores, em Nova MG. A mama e cólon e reto foram as localizações primárias mais prevalentes. Carne, ovos, óleo e alimentos ricos em nutrientes foram os alimentos com mais AGEs. Uma amostra de ingestão de polifenóis e carotenóides apresentou-se abaixo das recomendações e também observada em outros estudos. Houve diferença no consumo de antocianinas entre homens e mulheres, e a ingestão de flavonóides foi maior entre as mulheres. Uma exposição negativa foi observada entre o consumo de AGEs e polióis. No entanto, nenhuma associação foi encontrada entre a ingestão dietética de AGEs e compostos bioativos e locais de câncer primário.Possui uma fonte direta de influência sobre a suscetibilidade ou prevenção do desenvolvimento do câncer, uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade na atualidade. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a associação da ingestão dietética pré-diagnóstica dos produtos de glicação avançada (AGEs) e componentes bioativos e sua relação com a localização primária do câncer. Estudo de análise observacional transversal, com amostra composta por 8 peças-em tratamento oncológico atendido no Hospital Nossa Senhora das Dores, em Nova MG. A mama eo cólon e reto foram as localizações primárias mais prevalentes. Carne, ovos, óleo e alimentos ricos em nutrientes, foram os alimentos que mais AGEs.Uma amostra de ingestão de polifenóis e de carotenoides abaixo dos estudos e também do observado em outros. Houve diferença no consumo de antocianinas entre homens e mulheres, e a ingestão de flavonoides foi maior entre as mulheres. Foi observada uma exposição negativa entre o consumo dos AGEs e dos polióis. Todavia, não foi encontrada associação entre a ingestão dietética dos AGEs e dos compostos bioativos e as localizações primárias do câncer

Evaluation of a lyophilized CRISPR-Cas12 assay for a sensitive, specific, and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2

We evaluated a lyophilized CRISPR-Cas12 assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection (Lyo-CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 kit) based on reverse transcription, isothermal amplification, and CRISPR-Cas12 reaction. From a total of 210 RNA samples extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs using spin columns, the Lyo-CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 kit detected 105/105 (100%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 96.55–100) positive samples and 104/105 (99.05%; 95% CI: 94.81–99.97) negative samples that were previously tested using commercial RT-qPCR. The estimated overall Kappa index was 0.991, reflecting an almost perfect concordance level between the two diagnostic tests. An initial validation test was also performed on 30 nasopharyngeal samples collected in lysis buffer, in which the Lyo-CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 kit detected 20/21 (95.24%; 95% CI: 76.18–99.88) positive samples and 9/9 (100%; 95% CI: 66.37–100) negative samples. The estimated Kappa index was 0.923, indicating a strong concordance between the test procedures. The Lyo-CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 kit was suitable for detecting a wide range of RT-qPCR-positive samples (cycle threshold range: 11.45–36.90) and dilutions of heat-inactivated virus (range: 2.5–100 copies/µL); no cross-reaction was observed with the other respiratory pathogens tested. We demonstrated that the performance of the Lyo-CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 kit was similar to that of commercial RT-qPCR, as the former was highly sensitive and specific, timesaving (1.5 h), inexpensive, and did not require sophisticated equipment. The use of this kit would reduce the time taken for diagnosis and facilitate molecular diagnosis in low-resource laboratories.Instituto de VirologíaFil: Curti, Lucía Ana. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Primost, Ivana. Hospital Municipal de Trauma y Emergencias Dr. Federico Abete. Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory; ArgentinaFil: Valla, Sofia. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA). Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA); ArgentinaFil: Valla, Sofia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ibañez Alegre, Daiana. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Laboratorio Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA); ArgentinaFil: Ibañez Alegre, Daiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Olguin Perglione, Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Olguin Perglione, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Repizo, Guillermo Daniel. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Lara, Julia. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Parcerisa, Ivana. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Palacios, Antonela. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Llases, María Eugenia. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Rinflerch, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Laboratorio Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA); ArgentinaFil: Rinflerch, Adriana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barrios, Melanie. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Producción Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Pereyra Bonnet, Federico. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Gimenez, Carla Alejandra. CASPR Biotech; Estados UnidosFil: Marcone, Débora Natalia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética. Cátedra de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Marcone, Débora Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Análisis de la aplicabilidad de un modelo de competitividad para las ciudades de Junín y Pergamino.

Este trabajo forma parte de un proyecto cuyo objetivo es identificar y analizar modelos que definen y miden competitividad a nivel de países, regiones y ciudades, para evaluar su aplicabilidad en Junín y Pergamino. Belmar, Escobar, Marshal y L’Huillier (2016) describen competitividad en función de la cantidad y calidad de los factores de producción, los impulsos de la demanda y las acciones públicas que intervienen en la economía local desde una perspectiva sistémica. Las ciudades se están transformando en el motor del desarrollo socioeconómico regional y nacional. La metodología es de tipo exploratoria y descriptiva y los avances en la investigación muestran que: Existen diferencias en la definición del término competitividad en los reportes analizados. Se observan semejanzas en los agrupamientos por las áreas que éstos consideran (economía, educación, infraestructura, gobernanza, cultura, entre otros), sin embargo, los indicadores utilizados varían en cada caso y se nutren de información que no siempre está disponible en ciudades como Junín y Pergamino. El concepto de atractividad podría aplicarse para la medición de las ciudades de Junín y Pergamino por ser más amplio que competitividad, se basa en un conjunto heterogéneo que mide los factores de competitividad económica puros (PIB, riqueza, coste, etc.) y factores sociales subjetivos (percepción de seguridad, confianza en instituciones públicas, etc. En esta etapa el proyecto busca relevar la percepción que tienen los diferentes públicos de las ciudades: residentes, agentes del sector privado, agentes del sector público, agentes del tercer sector sobre aquellos factores que determinan su atractivo y así poder determinar un mejor modelo para las ciudades objeto de estudio.Fil: Martino, Milagros Anahí. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Agosti, Carla; Andreasen. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Andreasen, María Paz. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Asorey, Lucrecia Anah. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Basílico, Natali. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Curti, Sofía. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Figueroa, Darío Hernán. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Saenz, Mariana. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste.Fil: Tonellotto, Andrea. Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste

Incidence rates of in-hospital carpal tunnel syndrome in the general population and possible associations with marital status

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a socially relevant condition associated with biomechanical risk factors. We evaluated age-sex-specific incidence rates of in-hospital cases of CTS in central/northern Italy and explored relations with marital status.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Seven regions were considered (overall population, 14.9 million) over 3–6-year periods between 1997 and 2002 (when out-of-hospital CTS surgery was extremely rare). Incidence rates of in-hospital cases of CTS were estimated based on 1) codified demographic, diagnostic and intervention data in obligatory discharge records from all Italian public/private hospitals, archived (according to residence) on regional databases; 2) demographic general population data for each region. We compared (using the χ_scoretest) age-sex-specific rates between married, unmarried, divorced and widowed subsets of the general population. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for married/unmarried men and women.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Age-standardized incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) of in-hospital cases of CTS were 166 in women and 44 in men (106 overall). Married subjects of both sexes showed higher age-specific rates with respect to unmarried men/women. SIRs were calculated comparing married vs unmarried rates of both sexes: 1.59 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.57–1.60) in women, and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.40–1.45) in men. As compared with married women/men, widows/widowers both showed 2–3-fold higher incidence peaks during the fourth decade of life (beyond 50 years of age, widowed subjects showed similar trends to unmarried counterparts).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This large population-based study illustrates distinct age-related trends in men and women, and also raises the question whether marital status could be associated with CTS in the general population.</p

Risk factors for operated carpal tunnel syndrome: a multicenter population-based case-control study

Background. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a socially and economically relevant disease caused by compression or entrapment of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. This population-based case-control study aims to investigate occupational/non-occupational risk factors for surgically treated CTS. Methods. Cases (n = 220) aged 18-65 years were randomly drawn from 13 administrative databases of citizens who were surgically treated with carpal tunnel release during 2001. Controls (n = 356) were randomly sampled from National Health Service registry records and were frequency matched by age-gender-specific CTS hospitalization rates. Results. At multivariate analysis, risk factors were blue-collar/housewife status, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, sibling history of CTS and coexistence of trigger finger. Being relatively tall (cut-offs based on tertiles: women ≥165 cm; men ≥175 cm) was associated with lower risk. Blue-collar work was a moderate/strong risk factor in both sexes. Raised risks were apparent for combinations of biomechanical risk factors that included frequent repetitivity and sustained force. Conclusion. This study strongly underlines the relevance of biomechanical exposures in both non-industrial and industrial work as risk factors for surgically treated CTS

Evaluation of an Antimicrobial L-Amino Acid Oxidase and Peptide Derivatives from Bothropoides mattogrosensis Pitviper Venom

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The prevalence of bacterial resistance to common antibiotics has increased in recent years, highlighting the need to develop novel alternatives for controlling these pathogens. Pitviper venoms are composed of a multifaceted mixture of peptides, proteins and inorganic components. L-amino oxidase (LAO) is a multifunctional enzyme that is able to develop different activities including antibacterial activity. In this study a novel LAO from Bothrops mattogrosensis (BmLAO) was isolated and biochemically characterized. Partial enzyme sequence showed full identity to Bothrops pauloensis LAO. Moreover, LAO here isolated showed remarkable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, clearly suggesting a secondary protective function. Otherwise, no cytotoxic activities against macrophages and erythrocytes were observed. Finally, some LAO fragments (BmLAO-f1, BmLAO-f2 and BmLAO-f3) were synthesized and further evaluated, also showing enhanced antimicrobial activity. Peptide fragments, which are the key residues involved in antimicrobial activity, were also structurally studied by using theoretical models. The fragments reported here may be promising candidates in the rational design of new antibiotics that could be used to control resistant microorganisms

Disease-Modifying Therapies and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the impact of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies on the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: We retrospectively collected data of PwMS with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. All the patients had complete follow-up to death or recovery. Severe COVID-19 was defined by a 3-level variable: mild disease not requiring hospitalization versus pneumonia or hospitalization versus intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death. We evaluated baseline characteristics and MS therapies associated with severe COVID-19 by multivariate and propensity score (PS)-weighted ordinal logistic models. Sensitivity analyses were run to confirm the results. Results: Of 844 PwMS with suspected (n = 565) or confirmed (n = 279) COVID-19, 13 (1.54%) died; 11 of them were in a progressive MS phase, and 8 were without any therapy. Thirty-eight (4.5%) were admitted to an ICU; 99 (11.7%) had radiologically documented pneumonia; 96 (11.4%) were hospitalized. After adjusting for region, age, sex, progressive MS course, Expanded Disability Status Scale, disease duration, body mass index, comorbidities, and recent methylprednisolone use, therapy with an anti-CD20 agent (ocrelizumab or rituximab) was significantly associated (odds ratio [OR] = 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18-4.74, p = 0.015) with increased risk of severe COVID-19. Recent use (&lt;1 month) of methylprednisolone was also associated with a worse outcome (OR = 5.24, 95% CI = 2.20-12.53, p = 0.001). Results were confirmed by the PS-weighted analysis and by all the sensitivity analyses. Interpretation: This study showed an acceptable level of safety of therapies with a broad array of mechanisms of action. However, some specific elements of risk emerged. These will need to be considered while the COVID-19 pandemic persists