Iconicidade e produtividade na língua brasileira de sinais: a dupla articulação da linguagem em perspectiva

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Florianópolis, 2012Esta pesquisa é uma investigação sobre o princípio da dupla articulação da linguagem nas línguas humanas, com foco sobre o modo como a produtividade e a economia se manifestam numa língua de sinais. Tradicionalmente, de acordo com o princípio da dupla articulação da linguagem, propõe-se que a formação de um sinal envolva três parâmetros principais, a configuração de mão, o movimento e a locação, que isoladamente não carregam significado mas que, quando combinados, permitem a criação de unidades com significado ou morfemas. A hipótese deste trabalho, porém, é a de que tais parâmetros tenham significados icônicos em princípio, e para explorar essa hipótese nós analisamos nesta pesquisa uma configuração de mão específica, conhecida mais tecnicamente como "gesto de pinçar" e mais popularmente como "gesto de OK", investigando se a sua motivação em diferentes sinais poderia estar relacionada ao gesto instrumental de manipular objetos bem pequenos. Para fazer isso, todos os sinais compostos por essa configuração de mão foram selecionados de um dicionário digital da Libras e analisados. Apesar das limitações do corpus, os resultados sugerem que essa base icônica está de fato presente na língua de sinais, desse modo estimulando novas pesquisas sobre a motivação icônica dos sinais e seus elementos formacionais.Abstract : This research is an investigation on the principle of duality of patterning in human languages, with a focus on how productivity and economy is manifested in a sign language. Traditionally, following the duality of patterning principle, it is proposed that the formation of a sign involves three main parameters, hand configuration, movement, and location, which do not carry meaning in isolation but which allow for the constitution of meaningful units or morphemes when combined. The hypothesis of this work, however, is that such parameters do hold iconic meanings in principle, and to explore this hypothesis we analyse in this research a specific hand configuration, known technically as precision grip and more widely as the #OK gesture., investigating whether its motivation in different signs could be related to the instrumental gesture of manipulating very small objects. In order to do that, all signs composed by this hand configuration were selected from a digital Libras dictionary and analysed. Despite the limitations of the corpus, results suggest that such iconic basis is indeed present in sign language, thus encouraging further research on the iconic motivation of signs and its formational elements

Iconicidade e produtividade na língua brasileira de sinais

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Florianópolis, 2012Esta pesquisa é uma investigação sobre o princípio da dupla articulação da linguagem nas línguas humanas, com foco sobre o modo como a produtividade e a economia se manifestam numa língua de sinais. Tradicionalmente, de acordo com o princípio da dupla articulação da linguagem, propõe-se que a formação de um sinal envolva três parâmetros principais, a configuração de mão, o movimento e a locação, que isoladamente não carregam significado mas que, quando combinados, permitem a criação de unidades com significado ou morfemas. A hipótese deste trabalho, porém, é a de que tais parâmetros tenham significados icônicos em princípio, e para explorar essa hipótese nós analisamos nesta pesquisa uma configuração de mão específica, conhecida mais tecnicamente como "gesto de pinçar" e mais popularmente como "gesto de OK", investigando se a sua motivação em diferentes sinais poderia estar relacionada ao gesto instrumental de manipular objetos bem pequenos. Para fazer isso, todos os sinais compostos por essa configuração de mão foram selecionados de um dicionário digital da Libras e analisados. Apesar das limitações do corpus, os resultados sugerem que essa base icônica está de fato presente na língua de sinais, desse modo estimulando novas pesquisas sobre a motivação icônica dos sinais e seus elementos formacionais.<br>Abstract : This research is an investigation on the principle of duality of patterning in human languages, with a focus on how productivity and economy is manifested in a sign language. Traditionally, following the duality of patterning principle, it is proposed that the formation of a sign involves three main parameters, hand configuration, movement, and location, which do not carry meaning in isolation but which allow for the constitution of meaningful units or morphemes when combined. The hypothesis of this work, however, is that such parameters do hold iconic meanings in principle, and to explore this hypothesis we analyse in this research a specific hand configuration, known technically as precision grip and more widely as the #OK gesture., investigating whether its motivation in different signs could be related to the instrumental gesture of manipulating very small objects. In order to do that, all signs composed by this hand configuration were selected from a digital Libras dictionary and analysed. Despite the limitations of the corpus, results suggest that such iconic basis is indeed present in sign language, thus encouraging further research on the iconic motivation of signs and its formational elements

Observation of Bs0→Dˉ∗0ϕB_s^0 \to \bar{D}^{*0} \phi and search for B0→Dˉ0ϕB^0 \to \bar{D}^0 \phi decays

The first observation of the $B^0_s → \bar{D}^{*0}ϕ$ decay is reported, with a significance of more than seven standard deviations, from an analysis of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3  fb$^{−1}$, collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The branching fraction is measured relative to that of the topologically similar decay $B^0 → \bar{D}^0 π^+ π^−$ and is found to be $\mathcal{B}(B^0_s → \bar{D}^{*0}ϕ)=(3.7±0.5±0.3±0.2) × 10^{−5}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of the $B^0 → \bar{D}^0 π^+ π^−$ decay. The fraction of longitudinal polarization in this decay is measured to be $f_L = (73±15±4)\%$. The most precise determination of the branching fraction for the $B^0_s → \bar{D}^{0}ϕ$ decay is also obtained, $\mathcal{B}(B^0_s → \bar{D}^0 ϕ)=(3.0±0.3±0.2±0.2) × 10^{−5}$. An upper limit,$\mathcal{B}(B^0 → \bar{D}^0 ϕ) < 2.0 (2.3) × 10^{−6}$ at 90% (95%) confidence level is set. A constraint on the $ω−ϕ$ mixing angle $δ$ is set at $|δ| < 5.2°$ (5.5°) at 90% (95%) confidence level

Model-Independent Observation of Exotic Contributions to B0→J/ψK+π−B^0\to J/\psi K^+\pi^- Decays

International audienceAn angular analysis of B0→J/ψK+π- decays is performed, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3  fb-1 collected with the LHCb detector. The m(K+π-) spectrum is divided into fine bins. In each m(K+π-) bin, the hypothesis that the three-dimensional angular distribution can be described by structures induced only by K* resonances is examined, making minimal assumptions about the K+π- system. The data reject the K*-only hypothesis with a large significance, implying the observation of exotic contributions in a model-independent fashion. Inspection of the m(J/ψπ-) vs m(K+π-) plane suggests structures near m(J/ψπ-)=4200 and 4600 MeV

Study of Υ\Upsilon production in ppPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{NN}}=8.16 TeV

International audienceThe production of ϒ(nS) mesons (n = 1, 2, 3) in pPb and Pbp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=8.16$ TeV is measured by the LHCb experiment, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 31.8 nb$^{−1}$. The ϒ(nS) mesons are reconstructed through their decays into two opposite-sign muons. The measurements comprise the differential production cross-sections of the ϒ(1S) and ϒ(2S) states, their forward-to-backward ratios and nuclear modification factors. The measurements are performed as a function of the transverse momentum p$_{T}$ and rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame y$^{*}$ of the ϒ(nS) states, in the kinematic range p$_{T}$ < 25 GeV/c and 1.5 < y$^{*}$ < 4.0 (−5.0 < y$^{*}$ < −2.5) for pPb (Pbp) collisions. In addition, production cross-sections for ϒ(3S) are measured integrated over phase space and the production ratios between all three ϒ(nS) states are determined. Suppression for bottomonium in proton-lead collisions is observed, which is particularly visible in the ratios. The results are compared to theoretical models

First Measurement of Charm Production in its Fixed-Target Configuration at the LHC

International audienceThe first measurement of heavy-flavor production by the LHCb experiment in its fixed-target mode is presented. The production of J/ψ and D0 mesons is studied with beams of protons of different energies colliding with gaseous targets of helium and argon with nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of sNN=86.6 and 110.4 GeV, respectively. The J/ψ and D0 production cross sections in pHe collisions in the rapidity range [2, 4.6] are found to be σJ/ψ=652±33(stat)±42(syst)   nb/nucleon and σD0=80.8±2.4(stat)±6.3(syst)  μb/nucleon, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. No evidence for a substantial intrinsic charm content of the nucleon is observed in the large Bjorken-x region

Measurement of Angular and CP Asymmetries in D0→π+π−μ+μ−D^0\to\pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- and D0→K+K−μ+μ−D^0\to K^+K^-\mu^+\mu^- decays

International audienceThe first measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon pair (AFB), the triple-product asymmetry (A2ϕ), and the charge-parity-conjugation asymmetry (ACP), in D0→π+π-μ+μ- and D0→K+K-μ+μ- decays are reported. They are performed using data from proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb experiment from 2011 to 2016, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 5  fb-1. The asymmetries are measured to be AFB(D0→π+π-μ+μ-)=(3.3±3.7±0.6)%, A2ϕ(D0→π+π-μ+μ-)=(-0.6±3.7±0.6)%, ACP(D0→π+π-μ+μ-)=(4.9±3.8±0.7)%, AFB(D0→K+K-μ+μ-)=(0±11±2)%, A2ϕ(D0→K+K-μ+μ-)=(9±11±1)%, ACP(D0→K+K-μ+μ-)=(0±11±2)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The asymmetries are also measured as a function of the dimuon invariant mass. The results are consistent with the standard model predictions

Measurement of Antiproton Production in pHe{\rm p He} Collisions at sNN=110\sqrt{s_{NN}}=110 GeV

International audienceThe cross section for prompt antiproton production in collisions of protons with an energy of 6.5 TeV incident on helium nuclei at rest is measured with the LHCb experiment from a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.5  nb-1. The target is provided by injecting helium gas into the LHC beam line at the LHCb interaction point. The reported results, covering antiproton momenta between 12 and 110  GeV/c, represent the first direct determination of the antiproton production cross section in p-He collisions, and impact the interpretation of recent results on antiproton cosmic rays from space-borne experiments

Measurement of the Ωc0\Omega_c^0 baryon lifetime

International audienceWe report a measurement of the lifetime of the Ωc0 baryon using proton-proton collision data at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0  fb-1 collected by the LHCb experiment. The sample consists of about 1000  Ωb-→Ωc0μ-ν¯μX signal decays, where the Ωc0 baryon is detected in the pK-K-π+ final state and X represents possible additional undetected particles in the decay. The Ωc0 lifetime is measured to be τΩc0=268±24±10±2  fs, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and from the uncertainty in the D+ lifetime, respectively. This value is nearly four times larger than, and inconsistent with, the current world-average value

Measurement of the CKM angle γ\gamma using B±→DK±B^\pm\to DK^\pm with D→KS0π+π−D\to K_\text{S}^0\pi^+\pi^-, KS0K+K−K_\text{S}^0K^+K^- decays

International audienceA binned Dalitz plot analysis of B$^{±}$ → DK$^{±}$ decays, with D → K$_{S}^{0}$ π$^{+}$π$^{−}$ and D → K$_{S}^{0}$ K$^{+}$K$^{−}$, is used to perform a measurement of the CP-violating observables x$_{±}$ and y$_{±}$, which are sensitive to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle γ. The analysis is performed without assuming any D decay model, through the use of information on the strong-phase variation over the Dalitz plot from the CLEO collaboration. Using a sample of proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb experiment in 2015 and 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.0 fb$^{−1}$, the values of the CP violation parameters are found to be x$_{−}$ = (9.0 ± 1.7 ± 0.7 ± 0.4) × 10$^{−2}$, y$_{−}$ = (2.1 ± 2.2 ± 0.5 ± 1.1) × 10$^{−2}$, x$_{+}$ = (−7.7 ± 1.9 ± 0.7 ± 0.4) × 10$^{−2}$, and y$_{+}$ = (−1.0 ± 1.9 ± 0.4 ± 0.9) × 10$^{−2}$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to the uncertainty (on the strong-phase measurements. These values are used to obtain γ = (87$_{− 12}^{+ 11}$ )$^{∘}$, r$_{B}$ = 0.086$_{− 0.014}^{+ 0.013}$ , and δ$_{B}$ = (101±11)°, where r$_{B}$ is the ratio between the suppressed and favoured B-decay amplitudes and δ$_{B}$ is the corresponding strong-interaction phase difference. This measurement is combined with the result obtained using 2011 and 2012 data collected with the LHCb experiment, to give γ = (80$_{− 9}^{+ 10}$ )$^{∘}$, r$_{B}$ = 0.080 ± 0.011, and δ$_{B}$ = (110 ± 10)°