Diseño y planificación de un modelo flexible de autoformación en el entorno de enseñanza-aprendizaje de medicina preventiva y policía sanitaria veterinarias

[SPA]Con el fin de ayudar a los estudiantes a descubrir los aspectos que necesitan aprender, y a realizar un seguimiento continuado de la asignatura, alejado de los esfuerzos puntuales asociados a una única prueba de evaluación teórica, hemos implantado en el presente curso académico 2010-2011, un sistema participativo de evaluación continua en la asignatura troncal Medicina Preventiva y Policía Sanitaria de la Licenciatura de Veterinaria. La experiencia ha consistido en sustituir los 6 puntos que, hasta el curso anterior, podían obtenerse mediante la realización de un examen tipo test, por dos estrategias de evaluación que potencian y premian el trabajo diario y la evaluación continua. El trabajo continuo del alumno, mediante la elaboración semanal de las preguntas tipo test, tiene como objetivo final que aprendan y dominen la materia. La experiencia ha resultado muy positiva, ya que hemos obtenido una importante participación del alumnado (70%) y unos resultados académicos que consideramos espectaculares. (98% de aprobados de los que 80% superior a 7). A tenor de los resultados obtenidos, podemos deducir que buena parte de nuestros alumnos han conseguido retener la mayoría de los conceptos que consideramos fundamentales, gracias a la estrategia basada en que los alumnos no sólo vean y escuchen la lección magistral, sino que además la lean, discutan sobre ella y realicen las preguntas. [ENG]With the aim of helping students encountering the different issues needed to be learnt and tracking the subject over the academic period, away from punctual efforts associated with a unique theoretical evaluation test, we have introduced in the present academic year (2010-2011) a participative continuous evaluation system in the core subject “Preventive Medicine and Sanitary Policy” in the Veterinary degree. The experience consisted in replace 60% of the evaluation mark, previously obtained by a theoretical test, by two evaluation strategies which improve and reward daily work and continuous evaluation. Continuous work of the student, by weekly elaboration of test questions, pursues learning and to master the subject. Experience resulted very positive, as we obtained a high percentage of student participation (70%) and impressive academic results (98% of students passed the subject, 80% of which remarked a qualification higher than 70%). Considering the obtained results, we can assume that the majority of our students have incorporated most of the fundamental concepts, due to the based strategy in which they do not only listen and watch a masterly lesson, but read, discuss and prepare test questions.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci

El método de estudio de casos: Una herramienta docente válida para la adquisición de competencias

En el contexto actual de la enseñanza, el profesor ha dejado fundamentalmente de transmitir conocimientos para pasar a involucrarse de una forma mucho más activa en el proceso de aprendizaje, cuyo papel fundamental debe recaer en el alumno. La aplicación del método de estudio de casos facilita que éstos asuman el papel de protagonistas activos de su propio aprendizaje, potenciando la adquisición de competencias disciplinares, genéricas y académicas. En este trabajo, presentamos las experiencias realizadas en dos contextos educativos muy diferentes: la docencia práctica de la asignatura de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la materia de Sanidad Animal en la Licenciatura de Veterinaria y  en segundo lugar, exponemos su utilización como herramienta en las clases teóricas de la asignatura de Economía de 1º y 2º de Bachiller. Este trabajo presenta las pautas generales de la metodología utilizada y las principales conclusiones obtenidas de su aplicación en el proceso de aprendizaje

Antibacterial potential of commercial and wild lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from ovine and caprine raw milk against Mycoplasma agalactiae

© 2023 Toquet, Bataller, Gomis, Sánchez, Toledo-Perona, De la Fe, Corrales and Gómez-Martín. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Frontiers in Veterinary Science. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1197701Introduction: The complexity of fighting contagious agalactia (CA) has raised the necessity of alternative antimicrobial therapies, such as probiotics. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are present in the mammary gland of small ruminants and their antimicrobial effect have been previously described against species like Mycoplasma bovis but never against Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma). This in vitro study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Ma of ovine and caprine LAB strains and a human commercial probiotic (L2) of Lactobacillus spp. Methods: A total of 63 possible LAB strains were isolated from nine ovine and caprine farms in Spain, three isolates (33B, 248D, and 120B) from the 63 strains were selected, based on their capacity to grow in a specific medium in vitro, for an in vitro experiment to assess their antimicrobial activity against Ma in Ultra High Temperature (UHT) processed goat milk (GM). A women commercial vaginal probiotic was also included in the study. The inoculum of L2 was prepared at a concentration of 3.24 × 108  CFU/mL and the average concentration of the inoculum of the wild LAB varied from 7.9 × 107 to 8.4 × 108  CFU/mL. Results: The commercial probiotic L2 significantly reduced the concentration of Ma to 0.000 log CFU/mL (p < 0.001), strain 33B reduced it from 7.185 to 1.279 log CFU/mL (p < 0.001), and 120B from 6.825 to 6.466 log CFU/mL (p < 0.05). Strain 248D presented a bacteriostatic effect in GM. Moreover, the three wild strains and the commercial probiotic produced a significative reduction of the pH (p < 0.001). Discussion: This is the first in vivo report of the antimicrobial potential of LAB strains against Ma and its interaction. Our results support possible future alternative strategies to antibiotic therapy, previously not contemplated, to fight CA in small ruminants. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the action mechanisms through which these LAB are able to inhibit Ma and to assess the safety of using these strains in possible in vivo studies

International multicentre observational study to evaluate the association between perioperative red blood cell transfusions and 1-year mortality after major cancer surgery (ARCA-1) : Study design, statistical analysis plan and study protocol

Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Hugo Chávez: una década en el poder

Una década de Hugo Chávez Frías y su proyecto político en Venezuela trajo consigo un cambio de paradigmas que llama la atención de la sociedad en general. Este libro es el resultado del esfuerzo conjunto de un grupo de académicos de distintas nacionalidades que desde sus líneas de investigación realizan análisis que le brindan al lector elementos para comprender de manera global lo que significa una década de gobierno del Presidente Chávez en Venezuela.Este libro es el resultado del esfuerzo conjunto de un grupo de académicos de distintas nacionalidades que desde sus líneas de investigación realizan análisis que le brindan al lector elementos para comprender de manera global lo que significa una década de gobierno del Presidente Chávez en Venezuela

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Mamitis subclínicas caprinas : diagnóstico y eficacia del tratamiento antibiótico en el período seco / Juan Carlos Corrales Romero ; director Antonio Contreras de Vera

Tesis-Universidad de Murcia.Consulte la tesis en: BCA. GENERAL. ARCHIVO UNIVERSITARIO. T.M.-1634.Consulte la tesis en: BCA. GENERAL. Fac. Veterinaria. Sala de estudio. Tesis-V 101

I JORNADA DE SOSTENIBILIDAD Y SALUD PÚBLICA

Proyecto de Innovación Docente contextualizado en la asignatura “Medicina Preventiva y Política Sanitaria” impartida en quinto curso del Grado de Veterinaria. Su objetivo principal es introducir las competencias de sostenibilidad curricular en el Grado de Veterinaria, tal y como dictamina la Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas (CRUE). El desarrollo del Proyecto Docente se materializa en la celebración de la “I Jornada de Sostenibilidad y Salud Pública” en la que un total de diecisiete grupos de 3-5 estudiantes matriculados en la asignatura, exponen los resultados de su trabajo de Seminario en el formato de comunicación oral a un Congreso

El método de estudio de casos: una herramienta docente válida para la adquisición de competencias

In the current context of education, the teacher has essentially stopped transmitting knowledge to get involved more actively in the learning process, whose key role lies with the student. The application of the case study method enables them to assume the role of active protagonists of their own learning, promoting the acquisition of disciplinary, generic and academic competitions. In this paper, we present the experiments carried out in two very different educational contexts: the practical teaching of the subject matter Infectious diseases of Animal Health in the Bachelor of Veterinary and secondly, we present its use as a tool in the theoretical classes the subject of economics 1st and 2nd. This paper presents the general guidelines of the methodology used and the main conclusions of its application in the learning process.En el contexto actual de la enseñanza, el profesor ha dejado fundamentalmente de transmitir conocimientos para pasar a involucrarse de una forma mucho más activa en el proceso de aprendizaje, cuyo papel fundamental debe recaer en el alumno. La aplicación del método de estudio de casos facilita que éstos asuman el papel de protagonistas activos de su propio aprendizaje, potenciando la adquisición de competencias disciplinares, genéricas y académicas. En este trabajo, presentamos las experiencias realizadas en dos contextos educativos muy diferentes: la docencia práctica de la asignatura de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la materia de Sanidad Animal en la Licenciatura de Veterinaria y en segundo lugar, exponemos su utilización como herramienta en las clases teóricas de la asignatura de Economía de 1º y 2º de Bachiller. Este trabajo presenta las pautas generales de la metodología utilizada y las principales conclusiones obtenidas de su aplicación en el proceso de aprendizaje