Zizurkilgo San Millan eskolako proiektuaren azterketa

[EUS] Haurren garapen prozesu osoa errespetatzen ez duen eskola eredua aldatu nahian, Zizurkilgo San Millan eskolak martxan jarri duen proiektua aztertzen duen lana da hau, proiektuak abantailak edo desabantailak dituen ikusteko helburuarekin. Horretarako, lehenik, San Millan kokatzen den Eskola Berriaren markoa azaltzen da. Jarraian, proiektuaren oinarriak eta eskolan lan egiteko erak bildu dira. Ondoren, proiektuak eskolara ekarri duen ikuspuntu aldaketa jaso da, ikastetxeko protagonistak elkarrizketatu eta horien iritziak ere txertatuz. Uneoro Francesco Tonucci pedagogo italiarraren hitzak hartu dira kontutan, eskola ere horietan oinarritzen baita.[ES] Este trabajo recoge el proyecto que ha puesto en marcha el colegio San Millán de Zizurkil, el cual intenta cambiar un modelo de escuela tradicional en el que no se respeta el proceso integral de los niños y niñas. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las ventajas y desventajas de dicho proyecto. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ha analizado el marco de la Escuela Nueva en el que se sitúa la citada escuela. Seguidamente, se han recogido las bases del proyecto y el modo en el que se trabaja en el mismo. A continuación, se han resumido los cambios acaecidos en la escuela, insertando también las opiniones de los protagonistas recogidas por medio de entrevistas. En todo momento, se han tenido en cuenta las palabras del pedagogo italiano Francesco Tonucci, dado que la escuela también se fundamenta en ellas.[EN] From the desire to change a model of school that does not respect the integral development of children, this work studies the project that has started San Millan school from Zizurkil, aiming to know whether the project has advantages or disadvantages. In order to know that, first of all, it is explained the movement of the New School in which the school is integrated. After that, the bases of the project and the working methods of the school have been colected. Furthermore, we can see the change of mind that has brought the project to the school, adding as well the thoughts of the protagonists. In every moment, the idea of the italian educator Francesco Tonucci has been kept in mind, since he is the fundament of the school and its methodology

Estudio de la fauna de El Castejón

En este trabajo se estudian los restos de fauna del yacimiento de “El Castejón” (Bargota, Navarra) cuya cronología se extiende desde finales del Hierro I hasta el Hierro II. Se observa un claro predominio de las especies domésticas entre las que destaca el ganado bovino seguido del ovicaprino y del cerdo. Se compara la estructura faunística de esta muestra con la de otros asentamientos coetáneos de la Península Ibérica. Se analiza la representación anatómica de los restos, la distribución de edades y sexos así como la osteometría de cada cabaña doméstica para establecer los modelos de aprovechamiento y explotación de los distintos componentes ganaderos

Estudio arqueozoológico de la fauna de Bilbilis (Zaragoza)

En el presente trabajo se estudia la fauna procedente de la excavación de la ciudad romana Mvnicipivm Avgvsta Bílbilis (Zaragoza). Los restos óseos estudiados pertenecen a varias especies de mamíferos y aves. También hay varios géneros de moluscos y un resto humano.Están representadas varias especies domésticas: caballo, vaca, oveja/cabra, cerdo, gato, perro y gallina. También aparecen animales salvajes sobre todo lagomorfos. Se ofrece un estudio del yacimiento en conjunto. Después se estudia cada especie en particular con las medidas y observaciones sobre selección, talla de ejemplares y prácticas de despiece. Al final, se ofrecen varios anexos con las tablas de medidas de las especies más numerosas

A new Late Pleistocene non-anthropogenic vertebrate assemblage from the northern Iberian Peninsula: Artazu VII (Arrasate, Basque Country)

Late Pleistocene palaeontological sites without human intervention are limited in the Cantabrian region, and even more so those with a good state of preservation and rich biodiversity. A new vertebrate fossiliferous locality discovered at Kobate Quarry (Arrasate, northern Iberian Peninsula) is presented in this article. This site, in which remains of 40 different vertebrate taxa were accumulated, acted as a natural trap. The preliminary vertebrate faunal list includes five amphibian taxa, four reptiles, seven species of birds and 24 mammalian taxa. While small mammals are represented by 13 small mammal taxa (seven in the Order Rodentia, five in the Order Eulipotyphla, and one in the Order Chiroptera), the large mammal fauna comprises eleven species, including ungulates and carnivores. The palaeoecology inferred from this faunal assemblage suggests the existence of large forested areas with some grassland and a watercourse nearby, within a notably warm and humid climate. These palaeoenvironmental conditions, combined with AMS and AAR results carried out in macrofaunal bone samples, suggest that the deposit from Artazu VII would be located in the first half of the Late Pleistocene, in the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5c. Résumé Les gisements paléontologiques de la fin du Pléistocène sont limités dans la région Cantabrique, et encore plus limités sont les sites ayant fourni des restes osseux en bon état de conservation et montrant une grande biodiversité. Nous présentons ici un nouveau site trouvé dans la carrière de Kobate (Arrasate, Nord de la péninsule Ibérique). Ce site a certainement agi comme un piège naturel et contient une accumulation de restes appartenant à 40 espèces différentes de vertébrés. La liste préliminaire de la faune de vertébrés comprend cinq taxons d’amphibiens, quatre de reptiles, sept espèces d’oiseaux et 24 taxons de mammifères. Alors que les mammifères sont représentés par 13 taxons de micromammifères (sept appartiennent à l’ordre Rodentia, cinq à l’ordre Eulipothypla, et un à l’ordre Chiroptera), les grands mammifères sont représentés par onze espèces, y compris des ongulés et des carnivores. Cette association faunique suggère un paléoenvironnement caractérisé par de vastes étendues boisées avec quelques prairies et un cours d’eau à proximité, dans un climat particulièrement chaud et humide. Ces conditions paléoenvironnementales, combinées à des datations AMS et AAR à partir d’échantillons d’os de la macrofaune, permettent de localiser le gisement d’Artazu VII dans la première moitié du Pléistocène supérieur, et plus précisement dans le stade isotopique marin (MEI) 5c

San Adrian: un nuevo yacimiento de la Edad del Bronce en el Norte de la Peninsula Iberica

Bronze Age studies carried out in the Cantabrian Region have traditionally focused on prestige goods and funerary contexts. As a result of this, the lack of information about daily activities, subsistence strategies, and human settlement on a regional scale is evident in the state of art. However, current research has achieved new discoveries in recent years, allowing a reconstruction of some aspects of the economic structure, settlements, material culture and the palaeoenvironment during the Bronze Age. Indeed, besides the funerary practices discovered in 1983 in San Adrian (Parztuergo Nagusia, Gipuzkoa), research has now revealed the presence of Upper Palaeolithic and Early Bronze Age occupations. This paper presents a first characterization of the retrieved evidence and a preliminary evaluation of the archaeological site and its environment. San Adrian is a tunnel-shaped cave located at 1,000 meters a.s.l. in the Aizkorri mountain range, opening a passage beneath the Atlantic-Mediterranean watershed in northern Iberia. The strategic character of this mountain site is demonstrated by the presence of Upper Palaeolithic and Bronze Age occupations, and by the construction of a road passing through it and the fortification of both its entrances in the Middle Ages. The aim of the archaeological survey started in 2008 was to identify, describe and evaluate the heritage potential of the cave, because previous fieldwork had only managed to make surface finds in the side galleries, including a medieval hoard and Bronze Age human remains. The work carried out by our research group at San Adrian includes a series of test pits and the excavation of an area nine square metres in size following stratigraphic criteria. In the current state, we identified at least two contexts corresponding to Late Upper Palaeolithic and Bronze Age occupations in the cave. Fieldwork included the sieving and flotation of sediment and the collection of samples for different types of analysis: palynology, carpology, sedimentology, and radiocarbon dating. The evidence is being studied by a multidisciplinary team according to expertise requirements for each topic: palaeobotany and environment, archaeozoology, sedimentology, geology, physical anthropology, prehistoric industries (lithics, pottery and bone) and archaeological and historical documentation. Because of its recent discovery, Upper Palaeolithic evidence remains still under study, but first results on Bronze Age layers can be presented. The ongoing archaeobotanical and archaeozoological studies reveal the exploitation of domestic plants and fauna complemented by hunting and foraging of wild species. At the same time, the archaeological artefacts and their production sequences show the exploitation of nearby resources on both sides of the mountain range, while prestige goods are absent. This evidence is also used to estimate the regularity of cave occupations and to propose a model of seasonal exploitation of the mountain environment. The results obtained reveal the exploitation of resources from both the Mediterranean and Atlantic basins, and contribute towards an understanding of the daily activities of Bronze Age societies. In addition, the evidence shows the exchange and circulation of quotidian products between the Cantabrian region and inland Iberia in other networks than those of prestige goods

Vida cotidiana, Sociedad y Control Territorial en el Entorno Circumpirenaico Occidental: el Castillo Medieval de Irulegi (Valle de Aranguren, Navarra)

The Irulegi castle, located at the top of Mountain Irulegi or Peña de Lakidain (Aranguren, Valley), is one of the most outstanding examples of medieval castles within the Kingdom of Navarre. The castle was built for defensive purposes and to control the surrounding territory between the 11th and early 12th centuries, adn it was occupied unineterruptedly until the end of the 15th century. The materials presented in this article constitute a varied repertoire that includes typical elements of daily life related to food, farmig, crafts, warfare, and the use of leisure time, as well as material evidence of other activities such as religious activities and ostentation. This paper presents an overview of all of them to define the main features of the remains of the movable elements of this fortified settlement and their significance for the study of everyday life and medieval society from the reality of the materiality of a fortress.El castillo de Irulegi, localizado en la cima del monte Irulegi o Peña de Lakidain (Valle de Aranguren), es uno de los ejemplos más destacados del Reino de Navarra. El castillo se erigió con finalidades defensivas y de control del territorio circundante. Su inicio se encuentra entre el siglo XI y principios del XII, y muestra una ocupación ininterrumpida hasta finales del siglo XV. Los materiales que se presentan en este trabajo constituyen elementos propios de la vida cotidiana referentes a la alimentación, actividades agropecuarias, actividades artesanales y bélicas, o el empleo del tiempo de ocio, y que atestiguan, además, las evidencias materiales de otras actividades como las religiosas y de ostentación. Este trabajo presenta una visión de conjunto a fin de definir los principales rasgos de los restos de elementos muebles de este asentamiento fortificado y su trascendencia para el estudio de la vida cotidiana y la sociedad medieval desde la realidad de la materialidad de una fortaleza

San Adrian: Brontze Aroko aztarnategi berria Iberiar penintsulako iparraldean San Adrian: a new site of the Bronze Age in the north of the Iberian peninsula

Resumen: La investigación sobre la Edad del Bronce en la región cantábrica se ha centrado tradicionalmente en el estudio de objetos de prestigio y de contextos funerarios, dando lugar a un estado de la cuestión con importantes lagunas acerca del poblamiento, las actividades cotidianas y las estrategias de subsistencia de los grupos humanos durante este período. En este artículo presentamos las evidencias recuperadas en el yacimiento de San Adrian (Sierra de Aizkorri, Gipuzkoa), cuya excavación ha permitido reconstruir aspectos relativos a los modos de vida, la base económica, la cultura material y el contexto medioambiental de una serie de ocupaciones de la Edad del Bronce. Los resultados preliminares revelan la existencia de ocupaciones de hábitat periódicas y la explotación de recursos procedentes del Valle del Ebro y de la costa atlántica, contribuyendo a reconstruir los modos de vida y la circulación de bienes cotidianos en el norte de la península ibérica.Abstract: Bronze Age studies carried out in the Cantabrian Region have traditionally focused on prestige goods and funerary contexts. As a result of this, the lack of information about daily activities, subsistence strategies, and human settlement on a regional scale is evident in the state of art. However, current research has achieved new discoveries in recent years, allowing a reconstruction of some aspects of the economic structure, settlements, material culture and the palaeoenvironment during the Bronze Age. Indeed, besides the funerary practices discovered in 1983 in San Adrian (Parztuergo Nagusia, Gipuzkoa), research has now revealed the presence of Upper Palaeolithic and Early Bronze Age occupations. This paper presents a first characterization of the retrieved evidence and a preliminary evaluation of the archaeological site and its environment. San Adrian is a tunnel-shaped cave located at 1,000 meters a.s.l. in the Aizkorri mountain range, opening a passage beneath the Atlantic-Mediterranean watershed in northern Iberia. The strategic character of this mountain site is demonstrated by the presence of Upper Palaeolithic and Bronze Age occupations, and by the construction of a road passing through it and the fortification of both its entrances in the Middle Ages. The aim of the archaeological survey started in 2008 was to identify, describe and evaluate the heritage potential of the cave, because previous fieldwork had only managed to make surface finds in the side galleries, including a medieval hoard and Bronze Age human remains. The work carried out by our research group at San Adrian includes a series of test pits and the excavation of an area nine square metres in size following stratigraphic criteria. In the current state, we identified at least two contexts corresponding to Late Upper Palaeolithic and Bronze Age occupations in the cave. Fieldwork included the sieving and flotation of sediment and the collection of samples for different types of analysis: palynology, carpology, sedimentology, and radiocarbon dating. The evidence is being studied by a multidisciplinary team according to expertise requirements for each topic: palaeobotany and environment, archaeozoology, sedimentology, geology, physical anthropology, prehistoric industries (lithics, pottery and bone) and archaeological and historical documentation. Because of its recent discovery, Upper Palaeolithic evidence remains still under study, but first results on Bronze Age layers can be presented. The ongoing archaeobotanical and archaeozoological studies reveal the exploitation of domestic plants and fauna complemented by hunting and foraging of wild species. At the same time, the archaeological artefacts and their production sequences show the exploitation of nearby resources on both sides of the mountain range, while prestige goods are absent. This evidence is also used to estimate the regularity of cave occupations and to propose a model of seasonal exploitation of the mountain environment. The results obtained reveal the exploitation of resources from both the Mediterranean and Atlantic basins, and contribute towards an understanding of the daily activities of Bronze Age societies. In addition, the evidence shows the exchange and circulation of quotidian products between the Cantabrian region and inland Iberia in other networks than those of prestige goods

Zizurkilgo San Millan eskolako proiektuaren azterketa

[EUS] Haurren garapen prozesu osoa errespetatzen ez duen eskola eredua aldatu nahian, Zizurkilgo San Millan eskolak martxan jarri duen proiektua aztertzen duen lana da hau, proiektuak abantailak edo desabantailak dituen ikusteko helburuarekin. Horretarako, lehenik, San Millan kokatzen den Eskola Berriaren markoa azaltzen da. Jarraian, proiektuaren oinarriak eta eskolan lan egiteko erak bildu dira. Ondoren, proiektuak eskolara ekarri duen ikuspuntu aldaketa jaso da, ikastetxeko protagonistak elkarrizketatu eta horien iritziak ere txertatuz. Uneoro Francesco Tonucci pedagogo italiarraren hitzak hartu dira kontutan, eskola ere horietan oinarritzen baita.[ES] Este trabajo recoge el proyecto que ha puesto en marcha el colegio San Millán de Zizurkil, el cual intenta cambiar un modelo de escuela tradicional en el que no se respeta el proceso integral de los niños y niñas. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las ventajas y desventajas de dicho proyecto. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ha analizado el marco de la Escuela Nueva en el que se sitúa la citada escuela. Seguidamente, se han recogido las bases del proyecto y el modo en el que se trabaja en el mismo. A continuación, se han resumido los cambios acaecidos en la escuela, insertando también las opiniones de los protagonistas recogidas por medio de entrevistas. En todo momento, se han tenido en cuenta las palabras del pedagogo italiano Francesco Tonucci, dado que la escuela también se fundamenta en ellas.[EN] From the desire to change a model of school that does not respect the integral development of children, this work studies the project that has started San Millan school from Zizurkil, aiming to know whether the project has advantages or disadvantages. In order to know that, first of all, it is explained the movement of the New School in which the school is integrated. After that, the bases of the project and the working methods of the school have been colected. Furthermore, we can see the change of mind that has brought the project to the school, adding as well the thoughts of the protagonists. In every moment, the idea of the italian educator Francesco Tonucci has been kept in mind, since he is the fundament of the school and its methodology

Estudio de la fauna de El Castejón

En este trabajo se estudian los restos de fauna del yacimiento de “El Castejón” (Bargota, Navarra) cuya cronología se extiende desde finales del Hierro I hasta el Hierro II. Se observa un claro predominio de las especies domésticas entre las que destaca el ganado bovino seguido del ovicaprino y del cerdo. Se compara la estructura faunística de esta muestra con la de otros asentamientos coetáneos de la Península Ibérica. Se analiza la representación anatómica de los restos, la distribución de edades y sexos así como la osteometría de cada cabaña doméstica para establecer los modelos de aprovechamiento y explotación de los distintos componentes ganaderos