Dental Status of Firefighters of Rio de Janeiro State and Comparison with Brazilian Oral Health Surveys

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess clinical dental status in military firefighters of Rio de Janeiro State and compare data with Brazilian National and Regional oral health surveys. Material and Methods: A sample of 926 military firefighters was examined using the visible biofilm index, the DMFT index and the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Clinical exams were performed by 15 trained dentists. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction were used. Results: Higher biofilm accumulation was associated with increased age. The mean DMFT index for the whole sample of this study was 12.74 (±7.03), and the ‘filled’ component was the most prevalent (69.9%), whereas the ‘decayed’ and ‘missing’ components were, respectively, 8.4% and 21.7%. There was a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases with increasing age, ranging from 57.1% in firefighters of 34 years or less to 70.5% in the ones between 35 and 44 years old and 75.4% in participants at age 45 years or older. Clinical dental status of the military firefighters who belonged to the age group 35-44 was better than the one observed for the Brazilian population at the same age range. However, pathological conditions that can be solved with health promotion strategies associated with dental procedures of low complexity still persist. Conclusion: These results suggest that the availability of dental health care services itself does not represent the most effective approach to the oral health problems found in the studied population

Analysis of dengue cases according to clinical severity, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil

Severe dengue cases have increased in Brazil since 2001, with the first records in Maranhão dating back to 2002. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of severe dengue cases by age group and the possible risk factors. This was a study of secondary data on dengue in residents of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, using probable cases notified to the National Mandatory Reporting System (SINAN) from 2002 to 2011. The diagnosis and classification of dengue were based on the Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria: dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue fever with complications (DWC). DHF and DWC were considered severe dengue, and DF was classified as non-severe dengue. A logistic regression analysis was performed with severe dengue as the outcome. During the study period, 1,229 cases of severe dengue were reported; of these, 812 in patients under the age of 15 (66%). Among the risk factors evaluated, age under 15 years old (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.69-3.57, p-value = 0.001) was associated with severe dengue. The prevalence of severe dengue in children under the age of 15 was higher, and only this age group was associated with the occurrence of severe dengue

Spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue fever, chikungunya fever and zika virus infections in Maranhao State, Brazil

Dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections are increasing public health problems in the world, the last two diseases having recently emerged in Brazil. This ecological study employed spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections reported to the National Mandatory Reporting System (SINAN) in Maranhao State from 2015 to 2016. The software GeoDa version 1.10 was used for calculating global and local Moran indices. The global Moran index identified a significant autocorrelation of incidence rates of dengue (I=0.10; p=0.009) and zika (I=0.07; p=0.03). The study found a positive spatial correlation between dengue and the population density (I=0.31; p<0.001) and a negative correlation with the Performance Index of Unified Health System (PIUHS) by basic care coverage (I=-0.08; p=0.01). Regarding chikungunya fever, there were positive spatial correlations with the population density (I=0.06; p=0.03) and the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) (I=0.10; p=0.002), and a negative correlation with the Gini index (I=-0.01; p<0.001) and the PIUHS by basic care coverage (I=-0.18; p<0.001). Lastly, we found positive spatial correlations between Zika virus infections and the population density (I=0.13; p=0.005) and the MHDI (I=0.12; p<0.001), as well as a negative correlation with the Gini index (I=-0.11; p<0.001) and the PIUHS by basic care coverage (I=-0.05; p=0.03). Our results suggest that several socio-demographic factors influenced the occurrence of dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections in Maranhao State

Sistema de Informação em Saúde Animal: percepção de estudantes, profissionais de instituições de ensino da Medicina Veterinária e de veterinários autônomos do Estado de Sergipe quanto à notificação obrigatória de doenças ao Serviço Veterinário Oficial / Animal Health Information System: perception of students, professionals from Veterinary Medicine teaching institutions and veterinarian practitioners from the State of Sergipe regarding the mandatory notification of diseases to the Official Veterinary Service

Doenças de notificação obrigatória devem ser levadas ao conhecimento dos órgãos competentes logo que detectadas ou sob suspeita. O número ainda incipiente dessas notificações motivou a pesquisa cujo objetivo foi verificar a percepção de estudantes, profissionais de instituições de ensino da Medicina Veterinária e de veterinários do Estado de Sergipe quanto à notificação obrigatória de doenças de animais e descobrir os principais entraves na captação dessas informações pelo Serviço Veterinário Oficial - SVO. Assim, foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado para 135 participantes, sendo 82% estudantes, 7% professores e técnicos das instituições de Ensino Superior de Medicina Veterinária do estado de Sergipe e 11% veterinários atuantes em diversas áreas de competências. Apesar de 87% afirmarem conhecer a lista de notificação obrigatória, apenas 43% sabiam que qualquer cidadão poderia notificar e 69% não sabiam como fazer de forma correta. Na percepção de 100% dos entrevistados, a notificação obrigatória de doenças de animais de produção é considerada uma atitude importante, mas ainda requer uma melhor divulgação nessa temática tanto para profissionais como para o público em geral, especialmente os ligados à produção animal. Os participantes demonstraram desinformação quanto às doenças que requerem notificação. Além de educação sanitária adequada para cada público-alvo, uma maior integração entre as instituições, veterinários e produtores rurais foram elencados pelos entrevistados. Treinamento, aumento da capilaridade do serviço também foram sugestões para aprimorar a captação e registro das notificações de doenças dos animais no estado de Sergipe

Mielomeningocele e anomalias associadas: uma série de casos e revisão sistemática

A mielomeningocele é uma malformação congênita grave do sistema nervoso central, representando um dos tipos mais complexos de defeitos do tubo neural. A condição é marcada pela exposição das meninges e, em alguns casos, da medula espinhal, através de uma abertura na coluna vertebral, desafiando tanto o prognóstico do paciente quanto as estratégias de tratamento. O presente estudo visa explorar os avanços recentes no diagnóstico, intervenções cirúrgicas e desfechos neurológicos associados à mielomeningocele, com foco particular na eficácia e segurança das abordagens atuais. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura de 2016 a 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library e SciELO, aplicando critérios de inclusão e exclusão rigorosos para selecionar estudos que abordassem esses aspectos. Três estudos chave foram analisados, destacando-se pelas técnicas de diagnóstico antenatal, pela utilização de intervenções cirúrgicas inovadoras, como o fechamento fetal, e pelos cuidados pós-operatórios visando melhorias nos desfechos neurológicos. Os resultados indicam uma tendência positiva na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, com avanços significativos no controle e na prevenção de complicações a longo prazo. No entanto, foi observada a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar no tratamento, integrando cuidados neurocirúrgicos, ortopédicos e reabilitativos. A mielomeningocele, apesar dos desafios, tem testemunhado progressos notáveis nas últimas décadas, sugerindo um futuro mais promissor para os pacientes afetados. Ainda assim, são necessários mais estudos para consolidar essas abordagens e otimizar as estratégias de tratamento na prática clínica

Níveis disfuncionais de ansiedade relacionada ao Coronavírus em estudantes de medicina: Dysfunctional levels of Coronavirus-related anxiety in medical students

As preocupações com a saúde mental das pessoas afetadas pela pandemia de coronavírus não foram abordadas adequadamente. Isso é surpreendente, uma vez que tragédias em massa, particularmente aquelas que envolvem doenças infecciosas, muitas vezes desencadeiam ondas de medo e ansiedade elevados que são conhecidos por causar perturbações maciças no comportamento e no bem-estar psicológico de muitos na população. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é demonstrar os níveis disfuncionais de ansiedade relacionada ao coronavírus em estudantes de medicina. Para isso, foi realizado uma revisão sistemática sobre a temática

O conceito ampliado de saúde e a formação de nível superior em odontologia

Submitted by Mario Mesquita ([email protected]) on 2014-11-12T16:39:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose_Branco_Junior_EPSJV_Mestrado_2011.pdf: 7442333 bytes, checksum: 70f92a719253aaad46145ad7271bf909 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Mario Mesquita ([email protected]) on 2014-11-12T18:45:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose_Branco_Junior_EPSJV_Mestrado_2011.pdf: 7442333 bytes, checksum: 70f92a719253aaad46145ad7271bf909 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-12T18:45:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose_Branco_Junior_EPSJV_Mestrado_2011.pdf: 7442333 bytes, checksum: 70f92a719253aaad46145ad7271bf909 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional em Saúde.Objetivou discutir e analisar marcos legais com inflexão nos currículos de odontologia - com ênfase dada às Diretrizes Curriculares do Curso de Graduação em Odontologia (DCNO) - buscando identificar e discutir modificações nos mesmos, devido à adoção de um conceito ampliado de saúde pela Constituição Federal Brasileira de 1988 e pelo SUS. Faz revisão de literatura e análise documental utilizando uma abordagem histórico-dialética. Constatou que os currículos na área odontológica continuam favorecendo aspectos biotecnológicos da formação apesar das DCNO apresentarem conteúdo, em vários aspectos, consoante a um conceito ampliado de saúde e direcionado a atender aspectos da formação demandados pelo SUS. As DCNO configuram-se num marco diferenciado historicamente com potencial de contribuir para mudanças significativas na formação do cirurgião-dentista em direção a uma atuação condizente com um conceito ampliado de saúde, contudo suas recomendações coexistem com a tradição centrada numa concepção tecnicista de currículo.Aimed to discuss and analyze legal frameworks with inflection in the curricula of Dentistry - with emphasis on the Course Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate Dentistry (DCNO) - seeking to identify and discuss changes in them due to adopt a wider definition of health by the Brazilian Federal Constitution 1988 and Unified Health System (SUS). Were realized literature review and documentary analysis using a historical-dialectical approach. Found that the curricula in the dental field still give emphasis to biotechnological aspects of the formation despite DCNO submit content, in many respects, according to an expanded concept of health and targeted to meet aspects of training required by the SUS. The DCNO are configured in a historically differentiated brand with the potential to contribute to significant changes in the training of dentists towards a performance befitting a wider definition of health, but their recommendations coexist with tradition centered on the technical

Dopplerfluxometria da artéria femoral de cães adultos hígidos (Canis lupus familiaris)

Background: In Veterinary Medicine, there are several methods for early and accurate assessment of blood flow dynamics. The Dopplerfluxometry can access the peak systolic velocity, mean velocity and end diastolic velocity, including Resistive Index and Pulsatility Index. Normal values of Dopplerfluxometry in healthy dogs allow the identification of vascular abnormalities and authors’ knowledge there are no reference regarding the values of Dopplerfluxometry of the femoral artery in healthy dogs. The aim of the study was to assess the femoral Dopplerfluxometry of adult healthy dogs by Resistive Index, Pulsatility Index, systolic and diastolic velocities, and femoral artery diameter.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen healthy intact beagle dogs, male and female, aging from 2 to 4 years old (mean ± SD: mean 3 ± 0.8 years), weighing from 10.1-17.9 kg [22.3-39.5 lb] [mean ± SD: 14.3 ± 2.7 kg (31.5 ± 5.96 lb)] were used. The dogs underwent to physical examination, complete blood cell count, serum biochemistry examination urinalysis, and radiographs examination, muscular and cardiac evaluation. Females had to be in anestrous. All dogs were submitted to right femoral artery Dopplerfluxometry. The dogs were positioned in dorsal recumbency by one person without any chemical restraint. A high definition ultrasound device equipped with a 3 - 13 MHz multi-frequency linear transducer was used. The right femoral artery was identified with the transducer positioned transversely on the right triangle femoral area. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity was measured. The Resistivity Index and Pulsatility Index were calculated automatically by the ultrasound machine software. Three measurements were obtained with the Doppler spectrum. The values of peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, Resistivity Index, Pulsatility Index and femoral artery diameter were expressed as Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD).Discussion: No studies regarding to femoral artery Dopplerfluxometry in healthy dogs were found in the literature. These results can be used as normal reference values of Dopplerfluxometric parameters for adult dogs. The literature cited only Dopplerfluxometric values of renal arteries, abdominal aorta and of the internal thoracic artery. The normal values of arterial Dopplerfluxometry is necessary to identify the spectral quantitative characteristics of the blood flow for diagnosis and prognosis of vascular diseases. Authors referred to changes in blood perfusion by Dopplerfluxometry examination, but no changes in B-mode ultrasonography. The femoral Resistivity Index values can be used to correlate the postoperative evolution in dogs submitted to femoral bone, hip and knee surgeries, since Dopplerfluxometry allows blood flow assessment in the femoral region muscles. Changes in the heart rate, blood pressure, stress, exercise, and diseases as hypotension, renal lesion, hepatic diseases, diabetes, hyperadrenocorticism can change the Dopplerfluxometric parameters. All dogs which used in this study were clinically healthy, and were used beagle dogs due to lowest variations within breed. Sedation was avoid due to possible changes in Dopplerfluxometric parameters since the use of sedation or tranquilization in animals is strongly discussed due to possible hemodynamic changes that may occur during the examination. In conclusion, the mean values of the right femoral artery Dopplerfluxometry in male and female adult healthy dogs is Resistivity Index (0.887); Pulsatility Index (1.599); peak systolic velocity (124.41 cm/s), end-diastolic velocity (14.12 cm/s), femoral artery diameter (3.9 mm)

Spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue fever, chikungunya fever and zika virus infections in Maranhao State, Brazil

ABSTRACT Dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections are increasing public health problems in the world, the last two diseases having recently emerged in Brazil. This ecological study employed spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections reported to the National Mandatory Reporting System (SINAN) in Maranhao State from 2015 to 2016. The software GeoDa version 1.10 was used for calculating global and local Moran indices. The global Moran index identified a significant autocorrelation of incidence rates of dengue (I=0.10; p=0.009) and zika (I=0.07; p=0.03). The study found a positive spatial correlation between dengue and the population density (I=0.31; p<0.001) and a negative correlation with the Performance Index of Unified Health System (PIUHS) by basic care coverage (I=-0.08; p=0.01). Regarding chikungunya fever, there were positive spatial correlations with the population density (I=0.06; p=0.03) and the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) (I=0.10; p=0.002), and a negative correlation with the Gini index (I=-0.01; p<0.001) and the PIUHS by basic care coverage (I=-0.18; p<0.001). Lastly, we found positive spatial correlations between Zika virus infections and the population density (I=0.13; p=0.005) and the MHDI (I=0.12; p<0.001), as well as a negative correlation with the Gini index (I=-0.11; p<0.001) and the PIUHS by basic care coverage (I=-0.05; p=0.03). Our results suggest that several socio-demographic factors influenced the occurrence of dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections in Maranhao State