Mathematical Formulas for Calculating Net Returns from Participation in Government Farm Programs: Provisions of the Food, Agricultural, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990

Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance,

An Economic Comparison of Composted Manure and Commercial Nitrogen with Imperfect Information

The economic feasibility of fertilizing irrigated grain sorghum with compos ted manure is evaluated using net return budgeting and production function analysis. Although the use of compost is technically feasible, the economic analysis indicates that compost does not comprise a large percentage of the nitrogen source in the profit-maximizing combination with commercial fertilizer.Composted manure, commercial nitrogen, net returns budgeting, production function analysis, irrigated grain sorghum, Crop Production/Industries,

Multi-Parton Amplitudes in Gauge Theories

In this report we review recent developments in perturbation theory methods for gauge theories. We present techniques and results that are useful in the calculation of cross sections for processes with many final state partons which have applications in the study of multi-jet phenomena in high-energy Colliders.Comment: 84 pages, 12 figures: Latex, preprint version of 1991 Physics Reports article. Scanned Figure

Measurement of the ttˉproductioncrosssectionint\bar{t} production cross section in p\bar{p}collisionsat collisions at \sqrt{s}$ = 1.8 TeV

We update the measurement of the top production cross section using the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. This measurement uses $t\bar{t}$ decays to the final states $e+\nu$+jets and $\mu+\nu$+jets. We search for $b$ quarks from $t$ decays via secondary-vertex identification or the identification of semileptonic decays of the $b$ and cascade $c$ quarks. The background to the $t\bar{t}$ production is determined primarily through a Monte Carlo simulation. However, we calibrate the simulation and evaluate its uncertainty using several independent data samples. For a top mass of 175 $GeV/c^2$, we measure $\sigma_{t\bar{t}}=5.1 \pm 1.5$ pb and $\sigma_{t\bar{t}}=9.2 \pm 4.3$ pb using the secondary vertex and the lepton tagging algorithms, respectively. Finally, we combine these results with those from other $t\bar{t}$ decay channels and obtain $\sigma_{t\bar{t}} = 6.5^{+1.7}_{-1.4}$ pb.Comment: The manuscript consists of 130 pages, 35 figures and 42 tables in RevTex. The manuscript is submitted to Physical Review D. Fixed typo in author lis

Measurement of the Helicity of W Bosons in Top Quark Decays

We use the transverse momentum spectrum of leptons in the decay chain t-->bW with W-->l nu to measure the helicity of the W bosons in the top quark rest frame. Our measurement uses a ttbar sample isolated in 106 +/- 4 inverse picobarns of data collected in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. Assuming a standard V--A weak decay, we find that the fraction of W's with zero helicity in the top rest frame is F_0 = 0.91 +/- 0.37 (stat) +/- 0.13 (syst), consistent with the standard model prediction of F_0=0.70 for a top mass of 175 GeV/c**2.Comment: Submitted to PRL. 8 pages, 2 figure

Search for a Fourth-Generation Quark More Massive than the Z0 Boson in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV

We present the results of a search for pair production of a fourth-generation charge -1/3 quark (b') in sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV ppbar collisions using 88 pb^(-1) of data obtained with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We assume that both quarks decay via the flavor-changing neutral current process b' -> bZ and that the b' mass is greater than m_Z + m_b. We studied the decay mode b'b'bar -> ZZ b bbar where one Z0 decays into e^+e^- or mu^+ mu^- and the other decays hadronically, giving a signature of two leptons plus jets. An upper limit on the cross section of ppbar -> b'b'bar times [BR (b' -> bZ)]^2 is established as a function of the b' mass. We exclude at 95% confidence level a b' quark with mass between 100 and 199 GeV/c^2 for BR(b' -> bZ) = 100%.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters on 9/12/9

WW Production Cross Section and W Branching Fractions in e+e- Collisions at 189 GeV

From a data sample of 183 pb^-1 recorded at a center-of-mass energy of roots = 189 GeV with the OPAL detector at LEP, 3068 W-pair candidate events are selected. Assuming Standard Model W boson decay branching fractions, the W-pair production cross section is measured to be sigmaWW = 16.30 +- 0.34(stat.) +- 0.18(syst.) pb. When combined with previous OPAL measurements, the W boson branching fraction to hadrons is determined to be 68.32 +- 0.61(stat.) +- 0.28(syst.) % assuming lepton universality. These results are consistent with Standard Model expectations.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.

Further Properties of High-Mass Multijet Events at the Fermilab Proton-Antiproton Collider

The properties of high-mass multijet events produced at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider are compared with leading order QCD matrix element predictions, QCD parton shower Monte Carlo predictions, and the predictions from a model in which events are distributed uniformly over the available multibody phase-space. Multijet distributions corresponding to (4N-4) variables that span the N-body parameter space are found to be well described by the QCD calculations for inclusive three-jet, four-jet, and five-jet events. The agreement between data, QCD Matrix Element calculations, and QCD parton shower Monte Carlo predictions suggests that 2 -> 2 scattering plus gluon radiation provides a good first approximation to the full LO QCD matrix element for events with three, four, or even five jets in the final state.Comment: 49 pages with 19 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D. PostScript with full resolution figures also available at http://www-cdf.fnal.gov/physics/pub96/cdf3480_multijet_prd_draft3.p

Search For Charged Higgs Decays of the Top Quark Using Hadronic Decays of the Tau Lepton

This Letter describes a direct search for charged Higgs boson production in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Two-Higgs-doublet extensions to the standard model predict the existence of charged Higgs bosons. In such models, the branching fraction for top quarks B(t --> H b --> tau nu b) can be large. This search uses the hadronic decays of the tau lepton in this channel to significantly extend previous limits on charged Higgs production.Comment: 6pages, 4 figures, 1 table; LaTeX; submitted to PR

Study of the heavy flavor content of jets produced in association with W bosons in ppˉp\bar{p} collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV

We present a detailed examination of the heavy flavor content of the $W$ + jet data sample collected with the CDF detector during the 1992-1995 collider run at the Fermilab Tevatron. Jets containing heavy flavor quarks are selected via the identification of secondary vertices or semileptonic decays of $b$ and $c$ quarks. There is generally good agreement between the rates of secondary vertices and soft leptons in the data and in the standard model simulation including single and pair production of top quarks. An exception is the number of events in which a single jet has both a soft lepton and a secondary vertex tag. In $W +$ 2,3 jet data, we find 13 such events where we expected 4.4 $\pm$ 0.6 events. The kinematic properties of this small sample of events are statistically difficult to reconcile with the simulation of standard model processes.Comment: 77 pages, 19 tables, 23 figure