Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Geary Lecture Spring 2010

Ladies and gentlemen, director, colleagues and friends: it is a great honour and a pleasure to be asked to deliver this year’s Geary lecture, coming, as it does, on the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI). Over the years many eminent economists and sociologists have given the Geary lecture, but I believe that I am one of the few who knew Roy Geary personally because we were colleagues here during the last few years of his life. Roy Geary was the most eminent Irish statistician of the 20th century. But during the short time in which I knew him he was less concerned with statistical problems and more with the social problems of contemporary Ireland. So I hope that the topic of my lecture is one that Roy would have found both intellectually interesting and of some practical relevance. For a large part of my professional life I have worked on social mobility and so it will come as no surprise that this is the topic of my talk. Recently, governments and political parties have discovered, or rediscovered, social mobility and in some cases they have made its promotion a central theme in

Versioning Cultural Objects through the Text-Encoding of Folk Songs

This paper will present and discuss experiences studying different versions of folk songs as cultural objects, and will investigate how using specific Digital Humanities tools may assist the versioning of intangible oral tradition. This was primarily achieved using The Versioning Machine, a framework and an interface for displaying multiple versions of text and audio encoded according to the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) Guidelines. Through encoding a set number of songs in The Versioning Machine and displaying the results online, new questions and conclusions could be made to version cultural material with an emphasis on trying to trace the evolution of cultural ideas through subsequent iterations of ideas. Using examples from the project Documenting Transmission: The Rake Cycle1, this paper will examine the effectiveness of using a specific existing versioning tool to model and map the differences between versions of folk songs and examine the intangible nature of performance and oral tradition. How do these digital versions change or reinforce our perception of a song cycle and transmission processes in general? This paper will give a broad overview of the Documenting Transmission project and some of the musicological and technical considerations that were made over the course of the project

The Girl Friend

Sheet music contains sexist and/or misogynistic language, concepts, and/or imagry promoting rape culture. With Ukulele arrangement. Contains advertisements and/or short musical examples of pieces being sold by publisher.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/7077/thumbnail.jp

The Blue Room

With Ukulele arrangement. Contains advertisements and/or short musical examples of pieces being sold by publisher.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/7145/thumbnail.jp

EDUCATION AND THE LABOUR MARKET: WORK AND UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG RECENT COHORTS OF IRISH SCHOOL LEAVERS. General Research Series Paper No. 119, December 1984

This paper looks at the relationship between the post-primary educational system and the world of work. It addresses tile question of how, during their first year after leaving school, young people fare in their search for work and in the kind of jobs they get and how these are related to the educational credentials they possess. In particular, the study focuses on those young people who leave school with a relatively low level of, or no, formal academic qualifications

Increased risk of depression in non-depressed HIV infected men with sleep disturbance: Prospective findings from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

ObjectiveSleep disturbance is a known risk factor for depression, but it is not known whether sleep disturbance contributes to greater risk of depression in those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) as compared to those uninfected with HIV (HIV-).MethodsUsing data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, a population-based prospective study of men who have sex with men (MSM), self-reported sleep disturbance (>2 weeks) and depressive symptoms (Clinical Epidemiologic Scale for Depression, CES-D) were assessed every 6 months over 12 years of follow-up. Adjusted mixed effects logistic regression analyses tested whether sleep disturbance predicted depression (CES-D ≥ 16) at the immediate subsequent visit, and so on over 12 years, in non-depressed HIV+(N = 1054; 9556 person-visits) and non-depressed HIV- (N = 1217; 12,680 person-visits). In HIV+ vs. HIV- MSM, linearly estimated average incidence of depression and normalized cumulative rate of depression over 12 years were compared.ResultsIn the HIV+ MSM, sleep disturbance was associated with a significant increase in depression 6 months later (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.30, 1.96), which was significantly greater (P < .05) than in HIV- MSM (OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.94, 1.44). HIV status and sleep disturbance interacted (P < .001), such that incidence of depression and normalized cumulative rate of depression were greater in HIV+ with sleep disturbance than in HIV+ without sleep disturbance and HIV- groups (all P's < 0.001).ConclusionsHIV+ persons who report sleep disturbance represent a high risk group to be monitored for depression, and possibly targeted for insomnia treatment to prevent depression. FUND: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Earnings and Income Penalties for Motherhood: Estimates for British Women Using the Individual Synthetic Control Method

Using data from the British Household Panel Survey and focusing on women who became mothers between 1995 and 2005, we estimate the motherhood penalty for women’s own earnings and for the total income of their household: that is, we consider the extent to which motherhood carries a penalty not only for a mother but also for her family. We adopt an approach that differs from those previously employed in research on motherhood penalties: we follow Hernán and Robins, setting up our data as a ‘target trial’, and we analyse it using the Individual Synthetic Control method, based on the Synthetic Control approach of Abadie, Diamond and Hainmueller. We find considerable variation in the effect of motherhood on British women’s earnings, but the median penalty is a reduction in medium- and long-term earnings by about 45 per cent relative to what women would have earned if they had remained childless. Motherhood has no effect on average on the income of the woman’s household, but has substantial negative effects for some households. Focusing on both individual and household penalties yields a more complete picture of the distributional consequences of motherhood than hitherto