The effect of silane treatment on nanosized carica papaya seed modified pullulan as biocoagulant in wastewater treatment

Currently, conventional wastewater treatment process used chemical coagulant such as Aluminium sulphate. However, the residual aluminium in treated wastewater causes toxicity and serious health issues such as Alzheimer’ disease. Thus, in this study the potential of nanosized Carica Papaya (CP) seeds treated by silane coupling agent incorporated to pullulan on wastewater treatment was investigated. The biocoagulant produce prepared at a different composition of CP range from 1% to 9% was used to treat sewage wastewater. The biocoagulant was characterized by particle size analyser, FTIR and FESEM. The treated wastewater was analyzed by jar test in term of turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen and Total Suspended Solid with biocoagulant dosage at 0.6 g/L. The size of nanosized biocoagulant was obtained at 608.9 nm. Silane treatment provides well dispersion of nanosized Carica Papaya seed powder in the pullulan matrix phase. FTIR analysis shows the presence of O-H, C=O and Si-O-CH3 bond. The highest turbidity reduction observed at the composition of nanosized CP5/P and silane treated nanosized CP5/P up to 93.89% and 93.98% respectively. However, no significant changes observed on turbidity reduction with increasing CP seeds content for both biocoagulant. Further, at these compositions, the TSS reduced up to 20% and 60% respectively. The DO value of wastewater decreased from the initial value and the increased the pH from 6.58 to 6.69 lead to the neutral condition. Therefore, the effectiveness of both untreated and silane treated biocoagulant were further confirmed upon textile wastewater with turbidity reduction achieved up to 7.84% and 14.54 % respectively. Overall, silane treatment enhanced the effectiveness of nanosized CP modified pullulan as biocoagulant

Logical Approach: Consistency Rules between Activity Diagram and Class Diagram

Requirements engineering (RE) is a fundamental in software development process. Requirements engineering encompasses activities ranging from requirements elicitation and analysis to specification, verification and validation. Poor requirements have been proved to be a major cause of software problems such as cost overruns, delivery delays, failure to meet expectation and degradation. Requirements validation especially models validation has gained quite an interest from a lot of researchers. In recent times, several researchers have expressed a great deal of interest in requirements validation, specifically models validation. The field of research related to consistency checking has undergone a considerable boom from time to time. Numerous methods, approaches and techniques have been recommended to address the requirements inconsistency issues, particularly in models validation. In the software development industry, UML modelling has been extensively used. The different forms of the UML model that characterise the system from various perspectives somehow establish a relation among the models to keep them inseparable from one another. This is the reason why the inconsistency becomes unavoidable. The inconsistency in the models arises when there is an overlap of the elements of the various models representing the different parts of the system and an absence of cooperation. In this paper, the emphasis is given on the consistency rules that exist between the two models. The focus is also on the class diagrams and activity, and the conversion of the rules into logical predicates, where the logical predicates are assessed with a sample case study that constitutes of the two models

The effect of Milling Time on Crystal size Sandvik Sanergy

Preliminary study material sandvik sanergy as an alternative material for interconnect applications solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) have been conducted. Sandvik sanergy was milled for 0, 8, 24, and 48 hr with ball milling planetary MTI Corp. The physical properties of small grain size can affect the strength of the alloy when applied as interconnect. In this study, ratio between ball miller and sandvik sanergy was 1:10 aiming to obtain a small grain size. Crystal size characterized by XRD Rigaku Smartlab, morphology of sandvik sanergy after milling observed using SEM Hithaci SU3500 20 kV. Diameter of particles were observed by particle size analyzer (PSA). Results showed that crystal size as well as particle size tended to decrease with the increasing milling time. Discrepancy occurred at 24 hour of milling time and showed agglomeration.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved

The effect of Milling Time on Crystal size Sandvik Sanergy

Preliminary study material sandvik sanergy as an alternative material for interconnect applications solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) have been conducted. Sandvik sanergy was milled for 0, 8, 24, and 48 hr with ball milling planetary MTI Corp. The physical properties of small grain size can affect the strength of the alloy when applied as interconnect. In this study, ratio between ball miller and sandvik sanergy was 1:10 aiming to obtain a small grain size. Crystal size characterized by XRD Rigaku Smartlab, morphology of sandvik sanergy after milling observed using SEM Hithaci SU3500 20 kV. Diameter of particles were observed by particle size analyzer (PSA). Results showed that crystal size as well as particle size tended to decrease with the increasing milling time. Discrepancy occurred at 24 hour of milling time and showed agglomeration.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved

Comparison of Post-Stroke Functional Recovery between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study

pathophysiologic mechanism that underlies each stroke type may give different outcome in post-stroke patients. This study aimed to compare the improvement of functional outcome between both types of stroke among stroke patients admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS).Methods: Consecutive sampling was carried out on first-ever stroke patients admitted to neurological inpatient unit of RSHS from September 2015 to October 2015. Functional recovery, measured by subtracting Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS) on day-8 and day-1 of admission, was compared among two subgroups and analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Baseline characteristics were collected and analyzed.Results: Total of thirteen stroke patients was included in this study: ten ischemic stroke and three hemorrhagic stroke patients. CNS score improvement between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients was not significantly different. However, hemorrhagic stroke had higher score than ischemic stroke with 0.30 CNS score difference.Conclusions: CNS improvement between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke was not significantly different.  DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.106

Simulasi Rancangan Pemetaan Sekolah dengan Metode Algoritma Machine Learning Menggunakan Software RapidMiner

The growth in the number of educational institutions creates competition which encourages each educational institution to have a special strategy to deal with it. The challenge that must also be faced in the world of education is the uneven quality of education in various regions. One way to face the challenge of equal distribution of school quality is to create programs that suit the needs of each school. In this study, solving the problem of mapping schools owned by the XYZ educational foundation was carried out. The results of this study obtained a design of a school mapping indicator instrument to assess the quality of each school. Then obtained a simulation of school mapping design from the results of unsupervised learning with the K-Means and K-Medoids Clustering methods, as well as a simulation of predicting school mapping patterns from the results of supervised learning with the Decision Tree C4.5 method. The results of K-Medoids were selected for the proposed school mapping with a Davies Bouldin index value of 0.112. The model cluster owned by K-Medoids, namely Excellent School, has 44 schools; at Good School, there are 36 schools; and in the Improvement School, there are 20 schools. Meanwhile, the prediction pattern with Decision Tree C4.5 obtained rules with the dominant indicator attributes (IND) 1, 2, 3, and 4. Also, the prediction simulation results using the 80:20 ratio decision tree model show the new testing data with the assumption that the 101st school goes to cluster_1 with an accuracy rate of 95%.Keywords - Decision tree, K-means, K-medoids, School mapping indicator instrument

An Exploration To Determine Essential Requirements For Smart Home Application

The revolution of Internet of Things (IoT) will be able to revive the way people use the technology for a greater benefit. As we are embarking towards the golden age of technology, smart home application is gaining popularity as it adds convenience, comfort and peace of mind. There are variety of smart home applications worldwide which has diverse functionality with different perspectives and embedded assumptions. These scenario leads to uncertainty among the developers and leads to unnecessary effort to elicit requirements every time new application wants to be developed. Therefore, this paper presents an exploration to determine essential requirements for smart home application based on end user needs. An empirical investigation based on survey technique was conducted to determine essential requirements for smart home application. A case study of residents in Satellite City of Muadzam Shah, Pahang was conducted. The analysis was done by using T-Test and One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results show that the respondents agreed the essential requirements for smart home application are Time Needs, Simplicity Needs, Security and Safety Needs and Mobility Needs

A Study on Reuse-based Requirements Engineering by Utilizing Knowledge Pattern

Software development has become an essential part of many industries over the past decade. The use of software has become an essential element for the organization to support its operation and business. Some software has certain features in common, which allow its requirements to be used repetitively in the requirement engineering phase. This paper presents a study on knowledge patterns for reuse-based requirements engineering. Reuse-based requirements engineering is saving the effort to conduct the process and, at the same time maintaining the standard since reused requirements come with its properties as well.  Software development is an iterative process itself and so does the knowledge it holds in every iteration. When analysts perform many iterations of elicitation processes, it is often the case that a significant amount of requirements is recurring and similar software system will likely benefit from them. This research adopted a literature review method to investigate and to present current studies on knowledge pattern for the purpose of reuse. Knowledge reuse by utilizing knowledge pattern is becoming a significant method in software requirements engineering as it safes the effort of developing requirements from scratch. The study found that a specific pattern is required to develop good requirements specification. A proposed prototype to deploy reuse-based requirements engineering is also presented and evaluated. Experts’ judgment method is used for evaluation by adapting the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The results showed that reusing knowledge pattern expedites the requirements elicitation process and improves the requirements quality.

LEARNING THROUGH PLAYING: DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECT’S SKILLS WITH BUILDING BLOCKS

Software Architecture and Design is a course introduced in the curriculum of Computer Science Bachelor Degree. It is a part of the software engineering body of knowledge to instill good practice in software development. The teaching and learning method of delivering competence in a high level abstraction is challenging in way to obtain knowledge appreciation among students. The experience of deploying learning through playing in a tutorial session encourages students’ engagement, focus and appreciation of the teaching and learning process. The knowledge is delivered, experienced and actively discussed among students to discover more. This paper presents the design and implementation of the learning through playing building blocks for the purpose of understanding software architect’s roles and responsibilities. The analysis based on the observation of the conduct is discussed and lessons learnt are elaborated

STUDI PERBANDINGAN MODEL ARIMA DAN GARCH UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN TAMBANG DI INDONESIA

Dalam berinvestasi para investor menggunakan alat statistik salah satunya adalah peramalan. Peramalan dilakukan oleh investor untuk memperlancar transaksi, meningkatkan keuntungan ataupun meminimalisir terjadinya kerugian. Dengan melakukan peramalan, investor diharapkan dapat membuat keputusan investasi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model peramalan yang akurat untuk meramalkan harga saham PT. Adaro Energy (ADRO) dan saham PT. Bukit Asam  (PTBA) periode data selama 10 tahun sejak Oktober 2008 sampai dengan Oktober 2018. Keterbaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah membandingkan dua model Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) dan Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) sehingga dapat diketahui model yang memiliki tingkat keakuratan terbaik untuk meramalkan harga saham pada periode mendatang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa terdapat unsur heterokedastisitas pada saham ADRO sehingga pemodelan tidak berhenti pada model ARIMA namun dilanjutkan sampai model GARCH. Sedangkan data saham PTBA tidak mengandung unsur heterokedastisitas sehingga pemodelan hanya sampai model ARIMA. Pada saham ADRO model ARIMA mempunyai tingkat kesalahan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan model GARCH. Pada saham PTBA model ARIMA juga terpilih sebagai model yang paling akurat. Kata Kunci: ARIMA, GARCH, dan Pertambanga