FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMANFAATAN ANTENATAL CARE DI WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN MANDALLE

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) yang masih tinggi di Indonesia dapat dicegah melalui pemeriksaan kehamilan atau antenatal care (ANC) sesuai dengan standar pelayanan antenatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan ANC pada ibu di wilayah pesisir Kecamatan Mandalle tahun 2013. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji phi (??). Pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling terhadap ibu yang memiliki anak berusia <1 tahun pada saat penelitian berlangsung sebanyak 95 orang sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variabel yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan pemanfaatan ANC di wilayah pesisir Kecamatan Mandalle tahun 2013 yaitu tingkat pendidikan (p=0,042) dengan kekuatan hubungan lemah (??=0,209), paritas (p=0,017) dengan kekuatan hubungan sedang (??=0,294), pengetahuan (0,007) dengan kekuatan hubungan sedang (??=0,274), dan kondisi kesehatan ibu hamil (0,036) dengan kekuatan hubungan lemah (??=0,215). Variabel yang tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan pemanfaatan ANC yaitu umur (p=0,326), status pekerjaan (p=0,472), kepercayaan terhadap medis (p=0,091), waktu tempuh (p=0,659), dan jarak tempuh (p=0,391). Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran ibu tentang keteraturan pemeriksaan dan manfaat setiap jenis pelayanan ANC melalui sosialisasi dan konseling oleh petugas kesehatan melalui kerja sama antar pihak

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DAN PERILAKU IBU DENGAN STATUS PERSALINAN DI WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN TALLO MAKASSAR

WHO tahun 2008 sebanyak 358.000 ibu meninggal selama kehamilan dan persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik dan perilaku ibu dengan status persalinan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu bersalin tahun 2013 berjumlah 199 orang di dua kelurahan yakni Buloa dan Tallo. Sampel berjumlah 132 ibu bersalin dan penarikan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian diperoleh variabel yang berhubungan dengan status persalinan adalah umur (p=0,004), tingkat pendidikan (p=0,009), status pekerjaan (p=0,003), pendapatan (p=0,043). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan status persalinan adalah paritas (p=0,072), kelengkapan pemeriksaan antenatal (p=0,629), jarak ke fasilitas kesehatan (p=0,418), dukungan suami/keluarga/kerabat (p=0,146). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa ada hubungan antara umur, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, dan pendapatan dengan status persalinan di wilayah pesisir kecamatan Tallo Makassar. Disarankan agar ibu hamil pada umur berisiko, tingkat pendidikan rendah dan ibu yang bekerja, serta berpendapatan rendah agar lebih memperhatikan masa kehamilan untuk persalinannya sehingga dapat mengurangi risiko pada saat persalinan, juga bagi peneliti lain agar dapat menggali informasi lebih penyebab ibu mengalami persalinan tidak normal

KETIDAKTERATURAN PENGGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI NON-MKJP PADA WANITA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR DI WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN MANGARABOMBANG

Akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan belum merata di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Di Daerah Tertinggal Terpencil Perbatasan dan Kepulauan (DTPK) ketersediaan sarana dan tenaga pelayanan kesehatan terbatas. Selain itu, masyarakat masih banyak menggunakan metode kontrasepsi jangka pendek (Non-MKJP), padahal alat kontrasepsi Non-MKJP memiliki risiko kegagalan yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, pendidikan, umur dan dukungan suami dengan ketidakteraturan penggunaan kontrasepsi non-MKJP pada wanita Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) di wilayah pesisir Kecamatan Mangarabombang. Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional study. Populasinya yaitu seluruh wanita PUS yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi non-MKJP , pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling dengan besar sampel 157 orang. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan Uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan ketidakteraturan penggunaan kontrasepsi non-MKJP yaitu pengetahuan (p=0,025). Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan yaitu pendidikan (p=0,217), umur (p=0,066), dukungan suami (p=0,055). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan ketidakteraturan penggunaan kontrasepsi non-MKJP. Perlu adanya peran aktif petugas kesehatan terutama bidan desa dalam memberikan informasi tentang penggunan alat kontrasepsi kepada masyarakat wilayah pesisir, yang dapat dilakukan dengan kunjungan rumah atau pemberian informasi pada saat mengadakan posyandu

Higher inclusion rate of canola meal under high ambient temperature for broiler chickens

Extruded canola meal (ECM) was included in diet of broiler chickens at 0, 10, 20, and 30% (wt/wt) from 1 to 35 days of age. A total of 240 day-old male chicks were assigned in groups of 5 to 48 battery cages in environmentally controlled chambers and diets were replicated with 12 cages/treatment. From d 29 to 35, birds from each dietary group were exposed to either thermoneutral (23 ± 1°C; unheated) or high (36 ± 1°C; heated) temperature conditions. High ambient temperature, irrespective of ECM inclusion, depressed the growth performance of birds. Inclusion of ECM increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) linearly in unheated birds during d 1 to 28 (P < 0.001) and d 29 to 35 (P = 0.001). However, no adverse effects of ECM inclusion were observed on the growth performance of heated birds. The absence of these detrimental effects could be associated with the lack of triiodothyronine (T3) elevation by ECM inclusion in heated birds. In conclusion, ECM can be fed, at least, up to 30%, without any adverse effect on growth performance of broiler chickens raised under chronic high ambient temperature

Effect of erbium-calcium manganite doping on microstructure and electrical properties of zinc oxide based varistor ceramics

In this research, (80-x) mol% zinc oxide with 20 mol% CaMnO3 as the additive and (x) mol% erbium oxide Er2O3 as the doping material where x = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. Aims of this work are to elucidate the effects of doping material on microstructure ZnO and nonlinear characteristics of ZnO based varistor ceramics. A compound comprising ZnO-CaMnO3-Er2O3 underwent pre-sintering at 500 °C for 4 hours and sintering process at temperature of 1100 °C, 1200 °C and 1300 °C with the soaking time of 1.5 hours and 4.5 hours. X-ray diffraction patterns CaMnO3   spinal  and  additional  phases  containing Er in the confirmed the presence of synthesized compounds.The disappeared of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional group was observed at 3600-3650 cm-1, 1421 cm-1 and 875 cm-1 respectively by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy to indicate the starting formation oxide metal upon calcinations.Keywords: ZnO varistor; Er doping; microstructure; I-V characteristics; low voltage varisto

Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Ketidaklancaran Produksi ASI pada Ibu Nifas di Ruang Nifas BLUD RSU Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2011

According to WHO’s data, the coverage of exclusive breastmilk is still low for both develop and poor countries. One of the reasons of that condition is low breastmilk production of porturition woman. It reveals that the failure of giving breastmilk, particularly exclusive breastmilk is caused by breastmilk production deficiency since the first day of baby’s birth. Therefore, the baby is more often given prelactal food which is not good. This research investigated relationship of nutrient state, breast treatment, ANC Story, and IMD with breastmilk production deficiency. A cross sectional design study was conducted for 138 samples (samples were determined with simple random sampling method). There were two statistic test, those were bivariate statistic test by chi square and multivariate by logistic regression.The results showed that nutrient state (p = 0.000), breast treatment (p = 0.000), ANC Story (p = 0.000) and IMD (p = 0.000) had a relationship to breastmilk production deficiency. It was obtained from logistic regression test that IMD was the most influent factor involved in breastmilk production deficiency (wald 23.670; p = 0.000).Those results indicated that counseling training program for midwife about giving breastmilk need to be increased and IMD implementation acquire to be optimized. It is also important to increase elucidation and socialization about the importance of giving exclusive breastmilk everytime the pregnant woman doing checkup.Key words : Breastmilk production deficiency, IM

Communication for Behavioral Impact (Combi) Strategy; Does it Improve Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Dengue Control?

Indonesian government has elaborated the policy to controlled dengue fever through the program called 3M-Plus which targeting in cleaning all the potential breeding places of mosquito. One of community empowerment method in dengue vector control is Communication for Behavioural Impact (COMBI). This strategy emphasizes strengthening information to the community in the concept of prevention and eradication of mosquito breeding. This study aims to assess the increasing of health behaviour in school setting after the implementation of COMBI strategy. This research using quasi experimental two group pre test-post test inferential causal design. The subjects are 108 of school teachers whose responsible in managing health care school unit, they divided into four groups of intervention.The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Kruskall Wallis. Results showed that the knowledge, attitude and behavior of school teacher in their efforts to eradicate dengue fever changed dramatically into positive behaviour.  was very high in group 1 compared to the other groups. The increase of knowledge, attitude, and behavior in COMBI intervention group are higher than the other three comparison group. By this result, the influence of giving information with with COMBI approach will intensify the behavior changed of community in school setting to cotrolled and eradicate mosquito nest . Therefore this study recommend to all of health care unit in school setting adapt this strategy compeletely to enforced the activity in breaking the cycle of mosquito vector controlled in particular the breeding process of Ae. Aegypti. 

In Vitro

This study aimed to evaluate in vitro whole blood (WB) clot lysis method for the assessment of fibrinolytic activity. Standardized unresected (uncut) retracted WB clot was incubated in pool platelet poor plasma (PPP) for varying incubation times and in streptokinase (SK) at different concentrations. The fibrinolytic activity was assessed by D-dimer (DD), confocal microscopy, and clot weight. DD was measured photometrically by immunoturbidimetric method. There was a significant difference in mean DD levels according to SK concentrations (P=0.007). The mean DD±SD according to the SK concentrations of 5, 30, 50, and 100 IU/mL was: 0.69±0.12, 0.78±0.14, 1.04±0.14 and 2.40±1.09 μg/mL. There were no significant changes of clot weight at different SK concentrations. Gradual loss and increased branching of fibrin in both PPP and SK were observed. Quantitation of DD and morphology of fibrin loss as observed by the imaging features are in keeping with fibrinolytic activity. Combination of DD levels and confocal microscopic features was successfully applied to evaluate the in vitro WB clot lysis method described here

The analysis of grid independence study in continuous disperse of MQL delivery system

A sustainable cutting method of Minimum Quantity Lubricant (MQL) was introduced to promote lubrication effect and improve machinability. However, its performances are very dependent on the effectiveness of its mist to penetrate deep into the cutting zone. Optimizing the MQL system requires massive experimental work that increases cost and time. Therefore, this study conducts Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis using ANSYS Fluent and focuses on the grid independence study in dispersed-continuous phase of MQL delivery system. The main aim is to identify the best mesh model that influences the accuracy of the CFD model. The analysis proposed two different unstructured grid cell elements of quadrilateral and triangular that were only applicable for 2-dimensional fluid flow in CFD. The unstructured grid was controlled with three different mesh quality factors such as Relevance Center, Smoothing, and Span Angle Center at coarse /low, medium, and fine /high. The results showed that the best mesh quality for quadrilateral was at 60,000 nodes number and coarse mesh, whereas the triangular was at 90,000 nodes number and coarse mesh. Both combinations resulted the most consistent and reliable result when compared with past studies. However, this study decided to choose quadrilateral cell element with 60,000 nodes number and coarse mesh as it is considered to be sufficient to provide accurate and reliable result as well as practical in terms of computational time for the MQL model in CFD analysis

Self-medication of antibiotics: investigating practice among university students at the Malaysian National Defence University

Background: Self-medication of drugs to alleviate symptoms is a common global behavior, helping relieve burdens on health services, but many drugs eg, antibiotics are prescription-only. Self-medication of antibiotics (SMA) is an irrational use of drugs, contributing to microbial resistance increasing health care costs and higher mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to assess SMA among university students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among medical and non-medical students of the National Defence University of Malaysia. A validated instrument was used to gather data. Ethics approval was obtained. Random and universal sampling was adopted, and SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 649 students participated in the study: 48.5% male and 51.5% female, 39.3% reported self-medicating with antibiotics. Penicillin, doxycycline, clarithromycin were the antibiotics most used with the majority reporting no adverse drug reactions. Cost savings and convenience were the principal reasons for SMA which were mainly obtained from local retail pharmacies. Despite medical students (particularly the more senior) having better knowledge of antibiotic use than non-medical students, 89% of all research participants responded that practicing SMA was a good/acceptable practice. Conclusion: SMA is common amongst Malaysian students and, despite understanding why SMA is unwise, even medical students self-medicate