Evidence translation in a youth mental health service: clinician perspectives

An evidence–practice gap is well established in the mental health field, and knowledge translation is identified as a key strategy to bridge the gap. This study outlines a knowledge translation strategy, which aims to support clinicians in using evidence in their practice within a youth mental health service ( headspace). We aim to evaluate the strategy by exploring clinicians’ experiences and preferences. The translation strategy includes the creation and dissemination of evidence translation resources that summarize the best available evidence and practice guidelines relating to the management of young people with mental disorders. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 youth mental health clinicians covering three topics: experiences with evidence translation resources, preferences for evidence presentation, and suggestions regarding future translation efforts. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes were both predetermined by interview topic and identified freely from the data. Clinicians described their experiences with the evidence translation resources as informing decision making, providing a knowledge base, and instilling clinical confidence. Clinicians expressed a preference for brief, plain language summaries and for involvement and consultation during the creation and dissemination of resources. Suggestions to improve the dissemination strategy and the development of new areas for evidence resources were identified. The knowledge translation efforts described support clinicians in the provision of mental health services for young people. The preferences and experiences described have valuable implications for services implementing knowledge translation strategies

Oncogenic Gain of Function in Glioblastoma Is Linked to Mutant p53 Amyloid Oligomers.

Tumor-associated p53 mutations endow cells with malignant phenotypes, including chemoresistance. Amyloid-like oligomers of mutant p53 transform this tumor suppressor into an oncogene. However, the composition and distribution of mutant p53 oligomers are unknown and the mechanism involved in the conversion is sparse. Here, we report accumulation of a p53 mutant within amyloid-like p53 oligomers in glioblastoma-derived cells presenting a chemoresistant gain-of-function phenotype. Statistical analysis from fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy, pressure-induced measurements, and thioflavin T kinetics demonstrates the distribution of oligomers larger than the active tetrameric form of p53 in the nuclei of living cells and the destabilization of native-drifted p53 species that become amyloid. Collectively, these results provide insights into the role of amyloid-like mutant p53 oligomers in the chemoresistance phenotype of malignant and invasive brain tumors and shed light on therapeutic options to avert cancer

The Effectiveness of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and the Traditional Brazilian Diet in Reducing the Inflammatory Profile of Individuals with Severe Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial

We analyzed the effectiveness of two nutritional interventions alone and together, EVOO and the DieTBra, on the inflammatory profile of severely obese individuals. This study was an RCT with 149 individuals aged from 18 to 65 years, with a body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2, randomized into three intervention groups: (1) 52 mL/day of EVOO (n = 50); (2) DieTBra (n = 49); and (3) DieTBra plus 52 mL/day of EVOO (DieTBra + EVOO, n = 50). The primary outcomes we measured were the-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the secondary outcomes we measured were the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR); leukocytes; and C reactive protein (CRP). After 12 weeks of intervention, DieTBra + EVOO significantly reduced the total leucocytes (p = 0.037) and LMR (p = 0.008). No statistically significant differences were found for the NLR in neither the intra-group and inter-group analyses, although a slight reduction was found in the DieTBra group (−0.22 ± 1.87). We observed reductions in the total leukocytes and LMR in the three groups, though without statistical difference between groups. In conclusion, nutritional intervention with DietBra + EVOO promotes a significant reduction in inflammatory biomarkers, namely leukocytes and LMR. CRP was reduced in EVOO and DieTBra groups and NLR reduced in the DieTBra group. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under NCT02463435

O REGISTRO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE REFLEXÃO DA PRÁTICA DOCENTE NO CICLO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO

The record of teaching practice is something relevant and presupposes, to a certain extent, a record that can be used. Thus, returning to it with its particularities becomes opportune, as this action often persists in identifying itself only as bureaucratic documentation lacking pedagogical meaning. In view of this, we consider it appropriate to investigate how the registration carried out by the teacher of the literacy cycle has contributed to their practice. Therefore, the study aims to understand the view of teachers on the record as an instrument of reflection on teaching practice in the literacy cycle, understand the purpose and use of the record by the teacher and verify the information contained in the record and its relationship with practice. Data collection was carried out in a municipal public school in the Greater ABC Paulista region, with (5) five teachers who teach at the same school for the literacy cycle. For this purpose, we used a qualitative approach and collaborative research, aimed at the participants' joint discussion and reflection on (7) seven established themes of objectives and theoretical foundation, in meetings called collaborative workshops. As a result of this process, we infer that the registration carried out by the teachers of the literacy cycle needs to be taken up for discussion, reflection, aiming at its qualification, even though it is an action practiced for a long time. This process was noted by the teachers as essential for the redefinition of their records and reorganization of practice, reflection, change in the way of seeing and recording the record and as a space for training.El registro de la práctica docente es algo relevante y presupone, en cierta medida, un registro utilizable. Así, se vuelve oportuno volver a él con sus particularidades, pues esta acción a menudo persiste en identificarse solo como documentación burocrática carente de sentido pedagógico. Ante esto, consideramos oportuno investigar cómo ha contribuido a su práctica el registro realizado por el docente del ciclo de alfabetización. Por tanto, el estudio tiene como objetivo comprender la visión de los docentes sobre el registro como instrumento de reflexión sobre la práctica docente en el ciclo de alfabetización, comprender el propósito y uso del registro por parte del docente y verificar la información contenida en el registro y su relación con práctica. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en una escuela pública municipal de la región Gran ABC Paulista, con (5) cinco maestros que imparten clases en la misma escuela para el ciclo de alfabetización. Para ello, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo e investigación colaborativa, orientada a la discusión y reflexión conjunta de los participantes sobre (7) siete temas establecidos de objetivos y fundamentación teórica, en encuentros denominados talleres colaborativos. Como resultado de este proceso, inferimos que el registro que realizan los docentes del ciclo de alfabetización debe ser retomado para la discusión, la reflexión, con miras a su calificación, aunque es una acción practicada desde hace mucho tiempo. Este proceso fue señalado por los docentes como fundamental para la redefinición de sus registros y reorganización de la práctica, la reflexión, el cambio en la forma de ver y hacer el registro y como espacio de formación.O registro da prática docente é algo relevante e pressupõe em certa medida um registro que possa ser utilizado. Assim, retomá-lo com suas particularidades se torna oportuno, pois essa ação, muitas vezes, persiste em se identificar somente como uma documentação burocrática ausente de significado pedagógico. Diante disso, consideramos cabível investigar de que forma o registro realizado pelo professor do ciclo de alfabetização vem contribuindo para a sua prática. Para tanto, o estudo tem por objetivo compreender a visão dos professores sobre o registro como instrumento de reflexão da prática docente no ciclo de alfabetização, compreender a finalidade e utilização do registro pelo professor e verificar as informações contidas no registro e sua relação com a prática. A coleta de dados foi efetivada em uma escola pública municipal na região do Grande ABC Paulista, com (5) cinco professoras que lecionam na mesma escola para o ciclo de alfabetização. Para esse propósito, utilizamos a abordagem qualitativa e a pesquisa colaborativa, destinada a discussão e reflexão conjunta das participantes sobre (7) sete temas estabelecidos dos objetivos e fundamentação teórica, em encontros denominados de oficinas colaborativas. Como resultados desse processo inferimos que o registro realizado pelas professoras do ciclo de alfabetização necessita ser retomado para discussão, reflexão visando sua qualificação, mesmo sendo uma ação praticada a muito tempo. Esse processo foi notabilizado pelas professoras como indispensável para a ressignificação de seus registros e reorganização da prática, reflexão, mudança na forma ver e fazer o registro e como espaço de formação

Mapeamento da fitomassa da caatinga do seridó pelos índices de área de planta e de vegetação da diferença normalizada

Phytomass is a critical information for economic and environmental activities like the establishment of policies for timber resources, forest management, studies of plant nutrient cycling, CO2 sink, among other. The phytomass of a Caatinga area was obtained by an empirical method using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of Landsat images, the plant area index (PAI) and the phytomass inventory. At a first stage, linear, logarithmic and non-linear models were developed and tested. Bush and tree specimens were considered in the study, so that most of the individuals that contribute to the spectral answer detected by satellite images were included. At a second stage, the orbital parameter NDVI was used to map the PAI, which was used to map the phytomass, based on the relationship of this phytomass as a function of PAI. The residues between measurements and estimates based on NDVI varied from 0 to 84%, while the residues of total dry weight of phytomass per ha obtained by mapping and by dendrometrical equations varied from 5 to 104%, with a large trend of 166 and 448% in open Caatinga areas, due to the contribution of the herbaceous stratum to NDVI.A fitomassa, principalmente arbórea, é informação necessária em atividades econômicas e ambientais, como políticas de uso do recurso madeireiro, manejo florestal, estudos de ciclagem de nutrientes, absorção de CO2, entre outros. A finalidade deste estudo foi a verificação de um método empírico para o mapeamento da fitomassa da Caatinga do Seridó, integrando-se um inventário de fitomassa, o índice de área de planta (IAP) e o índice de vegetação da diferença normalizada (NDVI), por meio de imagens Landsat TM. Na primeira etapa foram desenvolvidos e testados modelos lineares, logarítmicos e não lineares. A abordagem de tamanho foi arbustiva e arbórea, incluindo-se a maior parte dos indivíduos que contribuem na resposta espectral mensurada por imagens de satélite. Em uma segunda etapa utilizamos o parâmetro orbital, NDVI, para o mapeamento do IAP, que por sua vez, foi utilizado para mapear a fitomassa. Os desvios entre mensurações de IAP e estimativas a partir do NDVI, variaram de 0 a 84%, enquanto que os desvios entre Peso Seco Total de Fitomassa por ha obtidos pelo mapeamento e por equações dendrométricas, variaram de 5 a 104%, com grandes tendências de 166 e 448% para áreas de caatinga aberta, provocada pela contribuição do estrato herbáceo no NDVI

The Effects of Dasatinib in Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Depend on Dose and Etiology

Background/Aims: Evidence suggests that tyrosine-kinase inhibitors may attenuate lung inflammation and fibrosis in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesized that dasatinib, a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, might act differently depending on the ARDS etiology and the dose. Methods: C57/BL6 mice were divided to be pre-treated with dasatinib (1mg/kg or 10mg/kg) or vehicle (1% dimethyl-sulfoxide) by oral gavage. Thirty-minutes after pre-treatment, mice were subdivided into control (C) or ARDS groups. ARDS animals received Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide intratracheally (ARDSp) or intraperitoneally (ARDSexp). A new dose of dasatinib or vehicle was administered at 6 and 24h. Results: Forty-eight hours after ARDS induction, dasatinib 1mg/kg yielded: improved lung morphofunction and reduced cells expressing toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 in lung, independent of ARDS etiology; reduced neutrophil and levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in ARDSp. The higher dose of dasatinib caused no changes in lung mechanics, diffuse alveolar damage, neutrophil, or cells expressing TLR4, but increased IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cells expressing Fas receptor in lung in ARDSp. In ARDSexp, it improved lung morphofunction, increased VEGF, and reduced cells expressing TLR4. Conclusion: Dasatinib may have therapeutic potential in ARDS independent of etiology, but careful dose monitoring is required. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel

O desenvolvimento da pluriatividade e das atividades não agrícolas: estratégias de reprodução social das famílias nos Bairros Rurais do Poste e Caxambú no município de Jundiaí -SP / The development of pluriactivity and non-agricultural activities: strategies of social reproduction of the families in the Rural Districts of Poste and Caxambú in the municipality of Jundiaí -SP

O desenvolvimento da pluriatividade e da obtenção de rendas não agrícolas pelas famílias rurais tem se constituído num importante tema de discussão devido às recentes transformações verificadas no espaço rural e nas relações estabelecidas entre campo e cidade. Nesse contexto, considerando a relevância das atividades agrícolas e não-agrícolas realizadas pelos membros da família, selecionamos como recorte territorial da pesquisa os bairros rurais do Poste e Caxambú no município de Jundiaí. Constatou-se que as famílias adotaram diferentes estratégias de reprodução social e econômicas, não apenas focadas em atividades agrícolas, mas também, relacionadas à atividades de lazer e de agroindustrialização (sobretudo com a produção de vinho) como uma forma de aquisição de renda complementar. A busca de rendas fora da agricultura e a combinação de diferentes tipos de rendas e atividades (agrícolas e não-agrícolas) reforçam o caráter múltiplo e plural dessas famílias