Institutional Logics and Political Networks: A Theoretical Framework for Academic Staffing in Newly-Founded Management Departments in Turkey

This article develops a conceptual framework for explaining how individual embeddedness in multiple institutional logics at the field level and in political networks at the societal level influence managerial decisions within organizations. By considering the institutional and political environments surrounding management departments in newly founded universities in Turkey, we propose that the degrees of individual decision-maker’s embeddedness in alternative institutional logics (single vs multiple) and in different political networks (closed vs open) influence their decisions on hiring new academicians. We consider that organizational actors’ instantiations of logics together with political networks delineate their identities. Accordingly, decision-makers embedded in a single logic and/or a closed network will tend to hire academicians similar to themselves whereas those embedded in multiple logics and/or an open network will be more likely to hire academicians different from themselves. We also elaborate our conceptual framework by considering the influences of logic-related networks, decoupling in academic staffing, geographic locations and ownership of universities. By doing so, we first contribute to a better explanation of institutional and political diversities in academic cadres in management departments in new Turkish universities. Second, we expand micro-level view of institutional logics by integrating societal level political networks into the analysis

The effect of different additives on semen freezing of Aksaray malaklı shepherd dog

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Aksaray Malaklı çoban köpeği spermasının farklı katkı maddeleri içeren sulandırıcılar ile dondurulup çözüm sonu spermatolojik parametrelerin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışma grupları, Tris ana stok (TAS)+trehaloz (10 mM), TAS+metiyonin (2 mM) ve kontrol olarak oluşturuldu. Köpeklerden sperma digital maniplasyon yöntemi ile alındı. Sulandırma işlemi tamamlanan sperma örnekleri 0.25 ml lik payetlere çekildi. Payetlenen spermalar 1.5 saat +5˚C‟ta ekilibrasyona tabi tutuldu. Ekilibrasyon sonrası payetler sıvı azot buharında donduruldu ve sıvı azot içerisinde saklandı. Sperma hacminin belirlenmesinde dereceli sperma toplama tüpleri kullanıldı ve sonuçları mililitre olarak kaydedildi. Hemositometrik yöntem ile spermatozoon konsantrasyonu belirlenerek mm3 olarak kaydedildi. Ölü canlı spermatozoa muayenesi için eosin-nigrosin boyama yöntemi kullanıldı. Spermatozoa plazma membran bütünlüğü oranını belirlemek için Hipo osmotik şişirme (HOS) testi yapıldı. Sonuçlar istatistiksel açıdan tek yönlü varyans analizi ile incelendiğinde çözüm sonu metiyonin grubunda motilite (%52,5±2,7) ve HOS test parametreleri açısından (%43,1±2,9), kontrol grubuna (%41,5±3,1;%33,2±2,9) göre istatistiksel farklılık gözlendi (p<0,05). Çözüm sonu canlı spermatozoa oranına en yüksek metiyonin grubunda ulaşılmasına rağmen gruplar arası istatistiksel farklılık bulunamadı (p>0,05). Trehaloz grubunda ise motilite, HOS test ve canlı spermatozoa oranı sırasıyla %50,0±3,9;%60,6±3,7;%38,4±3,6 olarak bulundu. Çalışmanın sonucunda Aksaray Malaklı çoban köpeği spermasında tris bazlı sulandırıcıya eklenen metiyonin 2mM dozunun spermatolojik parametreler üzerine faydalı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Metiyoninin kriyoprotektif etkinliğinin trehaloz ve kontrol grubuna göre daha güçlü olduğu kanısına varıldı.The aim of this study was to investigate the spermatological parameters of Aksaray Malakli shepherd dog after freezethawing semen with various additives. Study groups were set up as Tris-based extender (TBE)+trehalose (10mM), TBE+methionine (2mM) andcontrol. Sperm was collected by bulbus glandis massage (Digital Manipulation). Diluted semen samples were aspirated into 0,25 ml French straws and equilibrated at 5 ºC for 1,5 h. After equilibration, the straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor, plunged into liquid nitrogen for storage. For determination the sperm volume, grade semen collecting tubes were used and the results were recorded in milliliters. The sperm concentration was determined with hemocytometric method as mm3 . Eosin-nigrosine staining method was used for live sperm percentages. The HOS-test was performed to determine the ratio of intact spermatozoa membrane. When the freeze-thawing results are statistically examined with one-way analysis of variance, methionine group, motility (52,5%±2,7) and HOS test analysis (43,1%±2,9), (41,5%±3,1;33,2%±2,9) shown significant differences compared control (41,5%±3,1; 33,2%±2,9) group (p <0,05). The best result in the live sperm percentages was observed in methionine group but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p> 0.05).In the trehalose group, motility, HOS test and live sperm percentages results were 50.0% ±3,9;60,6%±3,7;38,4±3,6%, respectively. As a result of the study, it was determined that methionine 2 mM added to trisbased diluent in Aksaray Malaklı shepherd dog sperm was beneficial on spermatological parameters. The cryoprotective effect of methionine was found to be stronger than trehalose and control group

Impact of time-of-day on judo-specific performance

In judo tournaments, matches for each weight category are held on the same day and athletes competing at the finals have to compete at different times of the day. This study aimed to investigate the effect of time-of-day on judo specific performance and the changes in physiological load following judo specific performance. Fourteen male judo athletes (age 19.1±1.4 years) voluntarily participated in the study. At the 1st visit, anthropometrical measurements and familiarization procedures were conducted and the athletes’ chronotype was determined. Athletes performed the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) during 2nd and 3rd visits. Athletes randomly performed two consecutive SJFTs with 15 min intervals at 10:00h, which is the official start time of matches, and at 18:00h which is the time when the finals start. During SJFT applications, athletes heart rate (HR), blood lactate (bLA), body temperature and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored. The changes in total throw numbers (F1, 13= 1.32, p=0.27) and SJFT index (F1, 13= 0.30, p=0.59) were not different between morning and evening. There were similar changes in bLA (F4, 52=0.66, p=0.63), RPE (F1, 13=1.42, p=0.26) and body temperature (F1.4, 18.0=1.18, p=0.31) which were measured before and after the tests. However, HR measured in the evening were higher compared to morning measurement at all measurement times (F1, 13=10.28, p=0.01), but there was no difference in SJFT throws (F3.8, 48.8=0.49, p=0.74). In conclusion, different times of the day did not affect judo specific performance as well as physiological variables in judo athletes

The Effects of Some Environmental Factors on Birth Weight and Estimation of Heritability and Repeatability for Birth Weight of Akkaraman Sheep in Konya Province

In this research, the effects of dam age and type of birth and sex of lambs on birth weight of Akkaraman lambs was investigated at village conditions in Konya province. Additionally, the heritability and repeatability of birth weight was estimated. The Least-squares means of birth weight was 4.07±0.04 kg. The effects of dam age, year, birth type and sex on birth weight were found statistically significant. The heritability and repeatability of birth weight were found as 0.052±0.04 and 0.130±0.04, respectively

Antifungal susceptibilities and identification of Candida species by using maldi-tof microbial identification system from cervicovaginal samples

Background: Among the vaginal diseases seen in women, candidiasis is in the first place. This disease, which is caused by Candida species, can sometimes persist very stubbornly. The aim of this study was to determine Candida species isolated from vaginal specimens by using VITEK MS (MALDI-TOF Microbial Identification System) rapid identification system and to evaluate their susceptibility to some antifungals.Methods: In this study, 220 cervicovaginal swab were used. Isolates were identified by VITEK MS rapid identification system. After identification, antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the M-44 A2 guideline of The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results: Total 16.3% (36) of Candida spp. positivity was determined from 220 cervicovaginal samples, and 25 (69.4%) C. glabrata, 6 (16.7%) C. albicans, 3 (8.3%) C. kefyr and 2 (5.6%) C. krusei were obtained with Vitek MS. All identified C. albicans strains were found to be completely resistant to all antifungals used except nystatin agent, C. krusei strains were found to be resistant to flucytosine but sensitive to all other antifungals, C. glabrata and C. kefyr strains were susceptible to all antifungals within the antifungals used in this study.Conclusions: It is concluded that it is necessary to distinguish Candida species in order to apply a correct treatment. And species selection is very important for the selection of antifungal to be used. Nystatin is recommended if no laboratory tests are to be performed for the diagnosis of Vaginal Candidiasis

The Effects of Etodolac, Nimesulid and Naproxen Sodium on the Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange after Enclused Third Molars Surgery

are frequently used in oral surgical procedures in dentistry. The evaluation of the frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is accepted as a reliable cytogenetic method to assess the genotoxic effects of environmental factors. Materials and Methods: In this study, the genotoxic effects of various NSAIDs were assessed in 30 patients to who they were administered following encluosed third molar surgery using SCE analysis before and after the operation. The frequency of SCE was evaluated before the operation and after 3 days of etodolac, nimesulid and naproxen use. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of SCE between the preoperative and postoperative states in patients given etodolac, nimesulid or naproxen sodium. Conclusion: Short term use of selective and non-selective NSAIDs was not associated with a significant genotoxic effect that could be detected using the SCE method in peripheric lymphocytes. Key Words: Genotoxicity, sister chromatid exchange, oral surgery, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Duloxetine alleviates high light-induced anxiety-related behaviors in Wistar rats

Purpose: To investigate the effect of subchronic duloxetine treatment on high light-induced anxietyrelated behaviors in Wistar rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (n = 30) were randomly assigned to three groups of rats (10 rats/group): control group, 30 mg/kg duloxetine group, and 60 mg/kg duloxetine group. Intraperitoneal injection of duloxetine was given once a day for ten days. The anxiolytic effect of duloxetine in the rats was assessed using light/dark box (LDB) anxiety test. Results: Anxiety-related behaviors were significantly reduced in duloxetine-treated rats, when compared with control group. The reductions were not dose-dependent (light zone time and latency time were significantly increased, while dark zone time decreased significantly, p &lt; 0.05). The number of rearings significantly increased in 30 mg/kg duloxetine group, relative to control and 60 mg/kg duloxetine groups (p &lt; 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the number of light-todark entrances among the groups (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: These results show that subchronic treatment with duloxetine alleviates anxiety-related behaviors in Wistar rats

Assessment of electromechanically stimulated bone marrow stem cells seeded acellular cardiac patch in a rat myocardial infarct model

In this study, we evaluated cardiomyogenic differentiation of electromechanically stimulated rat bone marrow-derived stem cells (rt-BMSCs) on an acellular bovine pericardium (aBP) and we looked at the functioning of this engineered patch in a rat myocardial infarct (MI) model. aBP was prepared using a detergent-based decellularization procedure followed by rt-BMSCs seeding, and electrical, mechanical, or electromechanical stimulations (3 millisecond pulses of 5 V cm-1at 1 Hz, 5% stretching) to enhance cardiomyogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the electromechanically stimulated patch was applied to the MI region over 3 weeks. After this period, the retrieved patch and infarct region were evaluated for the presence of calcification, inflammatory reaction (CD68), patch to host tissue cell migration, and structural sarcomere protein expressions. In conjunction with any sign of calcification, a higher number of BrdU-labelled cells, and a low level of CD68 positive cells were observed in the infarct region under electromechanically stimulated conditions compared with static conditions. More importantly, MHC, SAC, Troponin T, and N-cad positive cells were observed in both infarct region, and retrieved engineered patch after 3 weeks. In a clear alignment with other results, our developed acellular patch promoted the expression of cardiomyogenic differentiation factors under electromechanical stimulation. Our engineered patch showed a successful integration with the host tissue followed by the cell migration to the infarct region

The effects of heat treatments on abrasive wear strenght of sand cast DIN X210Cr12 cold work tool steels

Bu çalışmada kullanılan numuneler kum döküm yöntemi kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Üretilen numuneler, Mo (Molibden) takviyeli ve Mo takviyesiz olarak üretilmiştir. Üretilen numunelere farklı sıcaklık, bekleme süresi ve soğutma ortamı gibi kıyas parametreleri kullanılarak ısıl işlem uygulanmıştır. Isıl işlem uygulanan numuneler parlatma işlemine tabi tutularak SEM görüntüleri alınmış ve numunelerin içi yapıları incelenmiştir. Numuneler belirli süre ve mesafe parametrelerine bağlı olarak, kum zımpara kullanılarak farklı yükler altında abraziv aşınma deneyine tabi tutulmuştur. Aşınma deneyi sonrası sonuçlar; uygulanan yük, aşınma miktarı, Mo varlığının etkilerine göre mukayese edilmiştir. Numunelerin mikro vickers sertlik ölçümleri yapılarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan deneysel çalışmalar sonrasında, belirli ısıl işlem parametrelerinin ve Mo takviyesinin, soğuk iş takım çeliğinin sertlik ve aşınma direnci üzerinde olumlu sonuçlar ortaya koyduğu belirlenmiştir.The samples used in this study were produced using the sand casting method. The produced samples were produced with and without Mo (Molybdenum) reinforcement. Heat treatment was applied to the produced samples by using comparison parameters such as different temperature, waiting time and cooling environment. The heat treated samples were polished and SEM images were taken and the internal structures of the samples were examined. The samples were subjected to abrasive wear test under different loads using sandpaper, depending on certain time and distance parameters. Results after the wear test; The effects of applied load, amount of wear and presence of Mo were compared. Micro Vickers hardness measurements of the samples were made. As a result of experimental studies, it has been determined that certain heat treatment parameters and Mo reinforcement give positive results on the hardness and wear resistance of cold work tool steel