Weinig gevaar van distelzaad

Telers zijn zeer beducht op de verspreiding van akkerdistelzaad uit natuurgebieden, omdat ze bang zijn voor veronkruiding van percelen. Toch blijkt deze verspreiding erg mee te vallen, zo blijkt uit veldproeven van PPO-AGV en PRI

The Communication Effects of the Relative Width of Males’ Faces in Business Portraits

van Zeeland, E., & Henseler, J. (2021). E-perceptions and Business ‘Mating’: The Communication Effects of the Relative Width of Males’ Faces in Business Portraits. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1-17. [605926]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.605926This study investigates the relative impacts of the facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) on the first impressions business professionals form of business consultants when seeing their photographs on a corporate website or LinkedIn page. By applying conjoint analysis on field experiment data (n = 381), we find that in a zero-acquaintance situation business professionals prefer low-fWHR business consultants. This implies that they prefer a face that communicates trustworthiness to one that communicates success. Further, we have investigated the words that business professionals use to describe their preferred consultant. These approach motivations help practitioners to improve the picture-text alignment. The results underline the necessity to critically assess the pictures and text used on websites and media platforms such as LinkedIn for business purposes, and to see them as a key element of business and self-communication that can be altered in order to improve business ‘mating.’publishersversionpublishe

Levenscyclusanalyse groencompost: grootschalig en zelf composteren.

Door PPO-AGV is in 2009 een studie uitgevoerd om in een levenscyclusanalyse (LCA) de bereiding van groencompost op het agrarisch bedrijf te vergelijken met de bereiding van groencompost op regioschaal door gespecialiseerde composteerbedrijven. Bereiding van groencompost op het agrarisch bedrijf heeft het voordeel dat flink bespaard kan worden op energieverbruik en vrachtvervoer op de weg. Daar staat tegenover dat gespecialiseerde groencomposteerders gebruik kunnen maken van schaalgroottevoordelen, betere sturing kunnen geven aan gewenste composteercondities en dat zij gebruik kunnen maken van groenafval van natuurgebieden. De studie bouwt voort op de studie die in 2008 is uitgevoerd, waarbij o.a. een LCA voor GFT-compost is opgesteld. Voor zover dat mogelijk is, zijn de kengetallen voor de bereiding van groencompost vergeleken met die van GFTcompost

Palladium-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to β,β-Disubstituted Enones in Aqueous Media: Formation of Bis-benzylic and ortho-Substituted Benzylic Quaternary Centers

Palladium-catalyzed conjugate addition of arylboronic acids to β,β-disubstituted enones in aqueous media is reported. Additions of a wide range of arylboronic acids to β,β-disubstituted enones occur to form ketone products bearing benzylic all-carbon quaternary centers. These reactions are promoted by a simple catalyst prepared from palladium trifluoracetate and 2,2′-bipyridine. The use of aqueous sodium trifluoracetate as the reaction medium significantly enhances reactivity and enables the formation of challenging bis-benzylic and ortho-substituted benzylic all-carbon quaternary centers

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Objective To report a surgical technique for treatment of chronic, recurrent cloacal prolapse in a sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita). Study Design Clinical report Animals Sulphur-crested cockatoo (n = 1) Methods The bird was admitted with a 2-year history of periodic lethargy, decreased appetite, dyschezia, tenesmus, and colocloacal prolapse. An incisional colopexy was performed under general anesthesia to permanently reduce the colocloacal prolapse. To gain access to the coelomic cavity, a ventral U-shaped incision was made, after which the colon and cloaca were restored in their normal anatomic position. Subsequently, the distal colon was sutured to the left abdominal wall. Results Colocloacal prolapse was successfully reduced. One month later, cloacoplasty was performed to reduce cloacal width. Long-term follow-up, including a barium contrast study, revealed normal function and an intact colopexy, without recurrence of the prolapse. Conclusions Incisional colopexy is feasible despite a bird's relative small body size

Fully flexible analysis of behavioural sequences based on parametric survival models with frailties—A tutorial

Recent automated systems allow collecting continuous data on individual animals with high accuracy over a long time. During this time, animals can be traced across different (discrete) types of behavioural states, with the duration in each state being known. Nevertheless, analyses of such sequences of states or behaviours may prove difficult. Classic Markov-chain methods have limitations in respect to incorporating “memory” (effects of past states), the duration in the states and accounting for dependencies. Dependencies occur in many data sets, where, for example a variety of individuals from different groups are observed and/or when an experiment is divided in different crossover treatment phases. So-called parametric survival analysis with frailties can incorporate aforementioned aspects in one coherent model. The time spent in a specific state (performing a specific behaviour) can be modelled in dependence of the subsequent state (transition probabilities) while incorporating how these transitions are influenced by experimental treatments. In addition, prior states can be used as predictor variables (accounting for past behaviour). Finally, random effects can be included to account for dependencies according to, for example individual identity, group/farm/laboratory or experimental period. Using interactions between random and fixed effects, the within- and between-subject variability of the transition probabilities can be estimated to indicate variation between and consistency within individual subjects (individuality and personality). Moreover, relative hazards describing transitions from one state to several potential follow-up states can be estimated. Behavioural sequences and their modulation by experimental situations can be studied accordingly. Using two exemplary data sets, the data type and structure adequate for parametric survival analysis are introduced and advice is given on how to specify and run such models. Overall, parametric survival analysis with frailties presents a modern and versatile approach that can revive sequential analysis. This will facilitate more detailed use of behavioural data and accordingly detect more subtle aspects of behaviour.Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100016238Bundesamt für Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterinärwesen http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006454Peer Reviewe