XMM-Newton observation of the Galactic supernova remnant W51C (G49.1-0.1)

The supernova remnant (SNR) W51C is a Galactic object located in a strongly inhomogeneous interstellar medium with signs of an interaction of the SNR blast wave with dense molecular gas. Diffuse X-ray emission from the interior of the SNR can reveal element abundances in the different emission regions and shed light on the type of supernova (SN) explosion and its progenitor. The hard X-ray emission helps to identify possible candidates for a pulsar formed in the SN explosion and for its pulsar wind nebula (PWN). We have analysed X-ray data obtained with XMM-Newton. Spectral analyses in selected regions were performed. Ejecta emission in the bright western part of the SNR, located next to a complex of dense molecular gas, was confirmed. The Ne and Mg abundances suggest a massive progenitor with a mass of > 20 M_sun. Two extended regions emitting hard X-rays were identified (corresponding to the known sources [KLS2002] HX3 west and CXO J192318.5+140305 discovered with ASCA and Chandra, respectively), each of which has an additional point source inside and shows a power-law spectrum with Gamma ~ 1.8. Based on their X-ray emission, both sources can be classified as PWN candidates.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Potassium channels in epithelial transport

Epithelial cells in the kidney, gastrointestinal tract and exocrine glands are engaged in vectorial transport of salt and nutrients. In these tissues, K+ channels play an important role for the stabilization of membrane voltage and maintenance of the driving force for electrogenic transport. Luminal K+ channels represent an exit pathway for the excretion of K+ in secreted fluid, urine and faeces, thereby effecting body K+ homeostasis. Indeed, the expression and function of several luminal K+ channels is modulated by hormones regulating water, Na+, and K+ metabolism. In addition to net transport of K+ in the serosal (or apical) direction, K+ channels can be coupled functionally to K+-transporting ATPases such as the basolateral Na+/K+ ATPase or the luminal H+/K+ ATPase. These ATPases export Na+ or H+ and take up K+, which is then recycled via K+ channels. This review gives a short overview on the molecular identity of epithelial K+ channels and summarizes the different mechanisms of K+ channel function during transport in epithelial cell

The Exegetical Basis for the Early Lutheran Doctrine of Baptismal Regeneration

This thesis was motivated by the question often raised in the classroom about the relation of faith to the regeneration in baptism. The question can be formulated in many ways. Is faith the presupposition for regeneration? What difference is there between faith and regeneration? Must faith precede baptism? What type of faith is given in baptism? What is faith without understanding of the Word of God? If baptism regenerates the infants who do not have preceding faith, what does baptism effect in the adult who already has faith? Can we still speak of regeneration in adult baptism? Or is baptism only a sign for the adult! Must baptism be regarded as a confession of faith

Left Recursion in Parsing Expression Grammars

Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) are a formalism that can describe all deterministic context-free languages through a set of rules that specify a top-down parser for some language. PEGs are easy to use, and there are efficient implementations of PEG libraries in several programming languages. A frequently missed feature of PEGs is left recursion, which is commonly used in Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) to encode left-associative operations. We present a simple conservative extension to the semantics of PEGs that gives useful meaning to direct and indirect left-recursive rules, and show that our extensions make it easy to express left-recursive idioms from CFGs in PEGs, with similar results. We prove the conservativeness of these extensions, and also prove that they work with any left-recursive PEG. PEGs can also be compiled to programs in a low-level parsing machine. We present an extension to the semantics of the operations of this parsing machine that let it interpret left-recursive PEGs, and prove that this extension is correct with regards to our semantics for left-recursive PEGs.Comment: Extended version of the paper "Left Recursion in Parsing Expression Grammars", that was published on 2012 Brazilian Symposium on Programming Language

Communication between Mentor and Mentee Using Videoconferencing in Surgical Training

Source at https://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=etelemed_2020_3_60_40023.In surgical training, mentors and mentees communicate to expand mentees’ technical skills. However, access to mentors for education in surgical subspecialties is a challenge in many hospitals. Videoconferencing (VC), which enables real-time communication between mentors and mentees in different geographical locations, can overcome this challenge. This study examines a practice in Norway in which VC is used to provide education on a specific laparoscopic surgical procedure. Specifically, the study explores the characteristics of communication between a mentor and mentee using VC and how it affected communication. The empirical material consists of video recordings of an educational trajectory that included eight patient cases and focus group meetings. The communication reveals knowledge gaps and their closure through establishment of a shared understanding. In this way, VC supported the learning of technical skills while enabling feedback on non-technical elements. Both the mentor and mentee could reach their full potentials—expanding their own communicative skills and reflecting on their own abilities. VC also affected the relationship between the mentor and mentee, who were peers and colleagues rather than participants in the traditional mentee–mentor relationship. The results of this study will enable the development of an activity for non-technical skills to become relevant using VC

Video Recordings of Interactions

Video recordings are an important resource for capturing in-dept social interaction and collaboration in workplace studies. Video-recorded observations can be used to analyse knowledge expansion in collaborative work when practitioners use videoconferences (VCs). Interaction analysis of a problem-solving activity is carried out, pointing to sequences in the work where knowledge expand, and problems are solved. Systematic observations using video recordings provide access to analysis of complex forms of interaction among professionals