A methodology for population projections: an application to Spain

This paper looks at projections for the Spanish population by sex and age for the period of 2005 to 2050. These were carried out using forecasts for birth and mortality rates, and migration. These rates are calculated using two main sources of information. First, a multivariate time series model was applied for the series of variables from the 1970 to 2001 period. Second a model was estimated for life expectancy and for a synthetic fertility index. Both sources of information were combined to obtain the forecasts for the rates. Immigration rates are predicted by assuming three possible scenarios based on the maximum proportion that immigrants will represent in the Spanish population. With these variables a structure of ages and sex for the Spanish population is estimated using a cohort component model

A methodology for population projections: an application to Spain

This paper looks at projections for the Spanish population by sex and age for the period of 2005 to 2050. These were carried out using forecasts for birth and mortality rates, and migration. These rates are calculated using two main sources of information. First, a multivariate time series model was applied for the series of variables from the 1970 to 2001 period. Second a model was estimated for life expectancy and for a synthetic fertility index. Both sources of information were combined to obtain the forecasts for the rates. Immigration rates are predicted by assuming three possible scenarios based on the maximum proportion that immigrants will represent in the Spanish population. With these variables a structure of ages and sex for the Spanish population is estimated using a cohort component model.Population projections, Time series, Factorial model, Bootstrap

Fianza judicatum solvi. Impedimento a la inversión extranjera. Primera Parte

Marcos Peña Rodríguez (biografía): Abogado dominicano, egresado de la Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña (UNPHU). Hizo una maestría en derecho comercial internacional en la Universidad de Londres. Es socio fundador de la firma Jiménez-Cruz-Peña Abogados. Ha especializado su práctica profesional en resolución alternativa de conflictos y litigios, arbitraje internacional y regulación económica (incluyendo las áreas de telecomunicaciones, energía y financiamiento). Ha participado en arbitrajes internacionales y locales tanto como abogado de parte, como árbitro mismo y como experto en derecho dominicano. Actualmente es vicepresidente del Centro de Resolución Alternativa de Controversias de la Cámar de Comercio y Producción de Santo Domingo. Ha sido reconocido por Chambers Global, Chambers Latin America y por la Latin American Energy and Infrastructure Guide, entre otras instituciones. Entre otros trabajos, ha publicado los capítulos de República Dominicana de Getting the Deal Through Arbitration (2010, 2011), Getting the Deal Through Anti-corruption (2010, 2011), The International Comparative Legal Guide/Business Crime (2011-2013), The International Comparative Legal Guide/Litigation and Dispute Resolution (2011) y The International Comparative Legal Guide/International Arbitration (2012).Se presenta la primera parte de un estudio que aboga por la eliminación de la fianza judicatum solvi, que es la garantía que en la legislación dominicana se exige al extranjero transeúnte que demanda o es interviniente forzoso en un proceso de demanda judicial. En este artículo se define el recurso, la razón de su existencia, la evolución que ha seguido en la legislación dominicana y la posición de entonces de la Suprema Corte de Justicia, así como su situación en la Francia contemporánea y lo que recientemente había dictado al respecto la Corte Europea de Justicia

Kurt Gödel: el límite lógico de la Modernidad

The formalist project devised by Hilbert is indebted to a philosopher that we can consider as the founding father of modernity: Descartes. In this paper I suggest to interpret the restriction theorem of Kurt Gödel, which shows the impossibility of this project as a critique of modernity.El proyecto formalista ideado por Hilbert es deudor de un filósofo que podemos considerar como el padre fundador de la modernidad: Descartes. En este escrito se buscará interpretar el teorema de limitación de Kurt Gödel, que muestra la imposibilidad de dicho proyecto, como una crítica a la modernidad

Assessing the Impact of Corporate Entrepreneurship in the Financial Performance of Subsidiaries of Colombian Business Groups: under Environmental Dynamism Moderation

Corporate entrepreneurship creates opportunities in employment, technological advances, value creation and cultural transformation for entrepreneurial ecosystems, entrepreneurs, governments, economies and societies around the globe. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of corporate entrepreneurship on the financial performance of subsidiaries in Colombian business groups under the moderating effect of the environmental dynamism, since the relationship between these two in emerging economies differs from developed economies. Using a cross-sectional Structural Equation Modeling analysis, this study assessed the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and corporate venturing on the financial performance of 87 subsidiaries of Colombian business groups at different levels of environmental dynamism. This study also confirmed that the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and performance is context-dependent, and that entrepreneurial orientation has a strong and positive causal relationship with corporate venturing. Additionally, it was observed that subsidiaries of Colombian business groups increase their financial performance when the entrepreneurial orientation does; and decrease the same when corporate venturing does. Furthermore, the results show that environmental dynamism does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship of subsidiaries in Colombian business groups and their performance. This dissertation would contribute to important areas in Latin American businesses, where such studies are scarce.El emprendimiento corporativo crea oportunidades de empleo, avances tecnológicos, creación de valor y transformación cultural para los ecosistemas empresariales, los empresarios, los gobiernos, las economías y las sociedades de todo el mundo. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto del emprendimiento corporativo en el desempeño financiero de las filiales de los grupos empresariales colombianos bajo el efecto moderador del dinamismo del ambiente de negocios, ya que la relación entre estos dos en las economías emergentes difiere de las economías desarrolladas. Utilizando un análisis transversal de Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales, este estudio evaluó el impacto de la orientación hacia el emprendimiento y el corporate venturing sobre el desempeño financiero de 87 subsidiarias de grupos empresariales colombianos en diferentes niveles de dinamismo del ambiente de negocios. Este estudio también confirmó que la relación entre el emprendimiento corporativo y el rendimiento depende del contexto, y que la orientación hacia el emprendimiento tiene una relación causal fuerte y positiva con el corporate venturing. Además, se observó que las filiales de los grupos empresariales colombianos aumentan su rendimiento financiero cuando lo hace la orientación hacia el emprendimiento; y disminuyen el mismo cuando lo hace el corporate venturing. Además, los resultados muestran que el dinamismo del ambiente de negocios no tiene un efecto moderador en la relación entre el emprendimiento corporativo de las filiales de los grupos empresariales colombianos y su desempeño. Esta disertación contribuye a áreas importantes en las empresas latinoamericanas, donde estos estudios son escasos

miniMuTe: A muon telescope prototype for studying volcanic structures with cosmic ray flux.

The Muon Telescope (MuTe) project is developed by the Universidad Industrial de Santander in collaboration with the Universidad del Tolima, the Servicio Geológico Colombiano and supported by Colciencias; the detector will be placed at the Cerro Machin Volcano located in South-West of Colombia. MuTe records the muonic component flux of secondary cosmic rays (CRs) passing through geological formations, for imaging their inner structure depending on their differences in density. For testing the hodoscope electronic readout a prototype of 9 pixels (miniMuTe) was developed. In this paper, the measurement of the background flux of CRs at Cerro Machin Volcanoe, carried out with the miniMuTe prototype, is presented

Efecto de la inclusión de inulina (prebiótico) y Bacillus subtilis y Lactobacillus sp. (probiótico) en el alimento, sobre la microbiota intestinal del camarón blanco Litopenaeus vannamei

Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (1.05 ± 0.1 g) were fed during 4-week with four experimental diets: control (Ctrl), inulin as prebiotic (5 g kg-1) (Pre), Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus sp. as probiotic (1 x 105 CFU g-1) (Pro), and a mix of inulin + B. subtilis and Lactobacillus sp. (5 g kg-1 + 1 x 105 CFU g-1) (Syn). Shrimps fed Syn diet showed significantly better feed utilization and higher growth than those in control diet (P < 0.05). The probiotic employed induced higher intestinal bacterial richness, whereas inulin in feed induced higher bacterial diversity in shrimp intestine. The most dominant bacterial phylum in the shrimp intestine among treatments was Proteobacteria with abundance ranging between 80 and 84 %. Prebiotic diet (Pre) increased relative abundance of Firmicutes in shrimp intestine (2 %) compared to the rest of the treatments (0.6 %). Nevertheless, when probiotics were included in the feed (Pro and Syn), a reduction between 3 and 13 % in the relative abundance of Vibrio sp. in shrimp intestine was observed respect to the control treatment, which represent an advantage to control potential pathogens of this genus.Juveniles de Litopenaeus vannamei (1.05 ± 0.1 g) fueron alimentados durante cuatro semanas con cuatro dietas experimentales: control (Ctrl), inulina como prebiótico (5 g kg-1) (Pre), Bacillus subtilis y Lactobacillus sp. como probiótico (1 x 105 UFC g-1) (Pro), y una mezcla de inulina + B. subtilis y Lactobacillus sp. (5 g kg-1 + 1 x 105 UFC g-1) (Syn). Los camarones con la dieta Syn resultaron en un crecimiento significativamente mayor y una mejor eficiencia de utilización del alimento que los camarones control (P < 0.05). El probiótico empleado indujo una mayor riqueza bacteriana intestinal, mientras que la inulina resultó en una mayor diversidad bacteriana en el intestino del camarón. A nivel de filo, Proteobacteria fue el más dominante en todos los tratamientos, entre 80 y el 84 %. La dieta Pre aumentó la abundancia relativa de Firmicutes en el camarón (2 %) en comparación con el resto de los tratamientos (0.6 %). El uso del probiótico (Pro y Syn), resultó en una reducción de entre 3 y 13 % en la abundancia relativa de Vibrio sp. en intestino de camarón respecto al tratamiento control, que representa una ventaja para el control de potenciales patógenos de este género

miniMuTe: A muon telescope prototype for studying volcanic structures with cosmic ray flux.

The Muon Telescope (MuTe) project is developed by the Universidad Industrial de Santander in collaboration with the Universidad del Tolima, the Servicio Geológico Colombiano and supported by Colciencias; the detector will be placed at the Cerro Machin Volcano located in South-West of Colombia. MuTe records the muonic component flux of secondary cosmic rays (CRs) passing through geological formations, for imaging their inner structure depending on their differences in density. For testing the hodoscope electronic readout a prototype of 9 pixels (miniMuTe) was developed. In this paper, the measurement of the background flux of CRs at Cerro Machin Volcanoe, carried out with the miniMuTe prototype, is presented