Ranking Alternatives on the Basis of the Intensity of Dominance and Fuzzy Logic within MAUT

We introduce dominance measuring methods to derive a ranking of alternatives to deal with incomplete information in multi-criteria decision making problems on the basis of Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). We consider the situation where the alternative performances are represented by uniformly distributed intervals, and there exists imprecision concerning the decision-makers¿ preferences, by means of classes of individual utility functions and imprecise weights represented by weight intervals or fuzzy weights, respectively. An additive multi-attribute utility model is used to evaluate the alternatives under consideration, which is considered a valid approach in most practical cases. The approaches we propose are based on the dominance values between pairs of alternatives that can be computed by linear programming, which are then transformed into dominance intensities from which a dominance intensity measure is derived. The methods proposed are compared with other existing dominance measuring methods and other methodologies by Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The performance is analyzed in terms of two measures of efficacy: hit ratio, the proportion of all cases in which the method selects the same best alternative as in the TRUE ranking, and the Rank-order correlation, which represents how similar the overall rank structures of alternatives are in the TRUE ranking and in the ranking derived from the method. The approaches are illustrated with an example consisting on the selection of intervention strategies to restore an aquatic ecosystem contaminated by radionuclides

El director ético y el director patético en los informativos de televisión en España

La imagen puede engañar incluso mostrando fragmentos de lo real. La elaboración del discurso audiovisual supone operaciones simbólicas que operan sobre la huella que lo real deja en el registro tecnológico y lo convierten en un signo, sujeto a todos los artificios y convenciones de los signos. El discurso informativo de las cuatro cadenas de televisión estudiadas en esta comunicación surte de evidencias sobre cómo el montaje audiovisual subvierte a veces los principios básicos de la ética informativa. El análisis realizado surte de un cuadro de categorías que permite evaluar éticamente los distintos usos del directo en los informativos.Images can deceive, even when they show traces from the real wold. Making audiovisual discourses involves symbolic dealings that affect the tracks produced by the technological recording. The images registered in that process become signs and that signs are subject to all artful devices and conventions that signs entail. Audiovisual news discourse from all the four television channels I have analyzed for this article provide strong proof about how images editing can subvert deeply the essential principles of news professional ethics. This analyse provide a taxonomical table that enable us to , distinguish, classify and evaluate the different ways of live reporting news

Ejemplo de experiencias de laboratorio como apoyo para el temario de Química de 2º de Bachillerato

La inclusión en el currículo de experiencias de laboratorio, entendidas como actividades manipulativas, ayuda a mejorar el aprendizaje de las ciencias y a hacer que cambie la actitud de los estudiantes frente a este campo favoreciendo el aprendizaje de forma significativa. En este trabajo se proponen cuatro experiencias de laboratorio, relacionadas cada una de ellas con los contenidos de cada uno de los bloques temáticos en los que está dividido el currículum de la asignatura de química de 2º de Bachillerato. Para cada una de ellas se estudia la posibilidad de llevarlas a cabo. Para ello se analizará su contexto, contenidos, objetivos que se persiguen, la metodología, el material necesario, el coste que implicaría y el tiempo que se emplearía para su realización.Departamento de Química OrgánicaMáster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idioma

Characterization of USP11 as a novel regulator of Hypoxia inducible factor a

207 p.Adaptation to hypoxia is a puzzling and tightly regulated challenge. This adaptability involves a severe gene expression rewiring, which is mainly triggered by the Hypoxia Inducible transcription Factor (HIF). Canonically, the regulation of the hypoxia signalling pathway mostly relies on HIF-¿ subunit, which has been described to be exquisitely regulated through the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS).Because of the Ub conjugation¿ crucial role in the hypoxia pathway and in light with DUBs being druggable enzymes, we carried out an unbiased loss-of function screen to identify new DUBs modulating HIF signalling. Using this strategy, we identified 12 novel hypoxia-related DUBs. In this project, we have validated the hit candidates and further focused on USP11 characterization. We have shown that USP11 is required to sustain hypoxia-driven signalling. Indeed, USP11 binds the mRNA-binding protein, hnRNPD, forming a ribonucleoprotein complex that controls HIF1A mRNA turnover by hnRNPD-mediated interaction with HIF1A 3¿UTR. Consistent with the decrease in HIF1A mRNA upon hypoxia, we have shown that hypoxia inhibits USP11 activity and promotes hnRNPD/p37 nuclear accumulation. Therefore, USP11-mediated HIF1A post-transcriptional regulation reveals a new mechanism to fine tune HIF signalling and hypoxia adaptation, and might represent a new opportunity to understand the pathology of Lyme disease.CICBioGUNE RedHypo

Normative and Audience Discourses on Public Service Journalism at a “Critical Juncture”: the Case of TVE in Spain

The concept of journalism, its metatheory and, in particular, public service journalism is regulated by feedback between political models (legal and normative framework), academic precepts and social practices. Scant attention has been paid to date to the impact that these models have on citizens’ discourses, which is especially relevant at “critical junctures”, i.e. periods in which the old institutions are collapsing and require renovation (McChesney, 2007). Hence, this paper addresses the issue in the Spanish context in order to explore the similarities and differences between the academic/legal/normative framework and audience discourses. The former has been studied using documents, reports and legislation, and the latter explored by means of discussion groups with viewers of the newscasts of Televisión Española (TVE)

Dominance Measuring Method Performance under Incomplete Information about Weights.

In multi-attribute utility theory, it is often not easy to elicit precise values for the scaling weights representing the relative importance of criteria. A very widespread approach is to gather incomplete information. A recent approach for dealing with such situations is to use information about each alternative?s intensity of dominance, known as dominance measuring methods. Different dominancemeasuring methods have been proposed, and simulation studies have been carried out to compare these methods with each other and with other approaches but only when ordinal information about weights is available. In this paper, we useMonte Carlo simulation techniques to analyse the performance of and adapt such methods to deal with weight intervals, weights fitting independent normal probability distributions orweights represented by fuzzy numbers.Moreover, dominance measuringmethod performance is also compared with a widely used methodology dealing with incomplete information on weights, the stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA). SMAA is based on exploring the weight space to describe the evaluations that would make each alternative the preferred one

Oferta y demanda de electricidad en la Argentina: un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas

El presente trabajo busca cuantificar el impacto de los diferentes determinantes de la evolución del precio de la electricidad en el Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista de la República Argentina en el período comprendido entre Agosto de 1992, momento en el que se crea el Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista y Diciembre de 1998. Para ello se estimó un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas con mínimos cuadrados en dos etapas, encontrándose que las variaciones del precio pueden ser explicadas, vía demanda, por las variaciones en el nivel de actividad y la temperatura, y vía oferta, por la potencia disponible, el precio del gas natural y la hidraulicidad.precio electricidad; Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista; modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas

Dominance Measuring Approach using Stochastic Weights

In this paper we propose an approach to obtain a ranking of alternatives in multicriteria decision-making problems when there is imprecision concerning the alternative performances, component utility functions and weights. We assume decision maker's preferences are represented by an additive multi-attribute utility function, in which weights are modeled by independent normal variables, the performance in each attribute for each alternative is an interval value and classes of utility functions are available for each attribute. The approach we propose is based on dominance measures, which are computed in a similar way that when the imprecision concerning weights is modeled by uniform distributions or by an ordinal relation. In this paper we will show how the approach can be applied when the imprecision concerning weights are represented by normal distributions. Extensions to other distributions, such as truncated normal or beta, can be feasible using Monte Carlo simulation techniques

Estructuración de la información mediante XML: un nuevo reto para la gestión documental

XML surgió como el lenguaje de marcado de documentos que sustituiría a HTML en la Web. Ambos lenguajes son herederos de SGML, el lenguaje de marcado estándar para la descripción formal y de contenido de los documentos (en contraposición a los lenguajes de marcado orientados a la presentación). HTML se impuso por su sencillez y espectacularidad, hasta el punto de que, por una parte, las compañías de software lo orientaron hacia formatos de presentación, y por otra, numerosas empresas apostaron por HTML para organizar documentos en entornos corporativos, con escaso éxito, por su reducida capacidad para estructurar documentos. XML trató de ser la solución: una versión reducida de SGML con evidentes valores documentales (al igual que SGML), para definir estructuras formales y de contenido independientes de la presentación. No obstante, buen número de empresas han adoptado XML como herramienta de intercambio de datos, obviando este valor documental. En el campo de la documentación, el interés de XML radica en su uso, tanto en Web como en sistemas corporativos, como herramienta de definición de estructuras y de descripción de contenidos. En ambos casos, estructura y/o descripción se incluyen dentro del documento y permiten la reutilización de partes del mismo. No obstante, debe aún mantenerse la atención sobre HTML (que continuará como lenguaje de marcado para documentos con escasa estructuración) y sobre la incierta evolución de algunas aplicaciones de XML (XLink, Namespaces, XSL, etc.), de evidente interés para los documentalistas

Ranking Alternatives on the Basis of a Dominance Intensity Measure

The additive multi-attribute utility model is widely used within MultiAttribute Utility Theory (MAUT), demanding all the information describing the decision-making situation. However, these information requirements can obviously be far too strict in many practical situations. Consequently, incomplete information about input parameters has been incorporated into the decisionmaking process. We propose an approach based on a dominance intensity measure to deal with such situations. The approach is based on the dominance values between pairs of alternatives that can be computed by linear programming. These dominance values are transformed into dominance intensities from which a dominance intensity measure is derived. It is used to analyze the robustness of a ranking of technologies for the disposition of surplus weapons-grade plutonium by the Department of Energy in the USA, and compared with other dominance measuring methods