Fenianism - A Male Business? A Case Study of Mary Jane 0'Donovan Rossa (1845-1916)

Mary Jane O'Donovan Rossa was born in Clonakility, Co.Cork in January 1845. Her father's active involvement in the Young Ireland movement, the experience of the Famine years and her marriage to the fenian leader, Jermiah O'Donovan Rossa, influenced the information of her political attitude and her ardent nationalism. As the eldest of ten children she was to take over responsibility for her family at an early stage of her life. She considered her duty for her family always as primary to unnecessary sacrifices for political principles and strongly defended this attitude against Rossa's inconsiderate willingness to sacrifice himself and those close to him. Although Mary Jane submitted to the fenian attitude that women were to be the helpers behind the scene, she proved, particularly in her work as Secretary of the Ladies' Committee (1865-67) that she was capable of leadership and of taking over political responsibility. Being always a loyal, unconditional supporter of her husband and his cause and bearing severe hardship for them throughout her entire life, she left the political stage to Rossa and only took his place whenever he was unable to attend political duties. Her activities show that, although she considered men more capable and experienced in the nationalist fight than women, she did not accept all decisions and attitudes of the fenian leaders and her husband without criticism. On several occasions Mary Jane was confronted with the limitations of here sex when she contradicted official fenian policy. Nevertheless she never felt the desire to step out of the shadow and refute male leadership because of her fear, female disobedience might damage the cause of Ireland's independence. Apart from her active contribution to the fenian movement and Irish nationalism, her poetry also reflected her political perspective and became an inportant means for here financial support to the movement. Mary Jane's life was but one example for the selfless contribution of nationalist Irishwomen to the cause of Ireland's independence. She represents the countless women who, for many centuries, have played an essential part in Irish nationalism but never received an appropriate place in Irish history books

Crisis at the WTO : is the blocking of appointments to the WTO appellate body by the United States legally justified?

Since 2017, the United States has blocked all appointments to the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization (WTO), thereby threatening to destroy the WTO's dispute settlement system, one of the most active dispute settlement systems in international law and a central pillar of the multilateral trading system. The United States justifies its blockage with allegations of judicial overreach, claiming that the Appellate Body in its jurisprudence has not complied with the WTO treaties. This book analyzes in detail the main allegations of the United States, which concern issues of procedure and interpretive approach, and places them in the context of broader US trade policy

The Question of the Homoerotic in Thomas Eakins' The Swimming Hole

UMKC Honors Colleg

Why digital medicine depends on interoperability

Digital data are anticipated to transform medicine. However, most of today's medical data lack interoperability: hidden in isolated databases, incompatible systems and proprietary software, the data are difficult to exchange, analyze, and interpret. This slows down medical progress, as technologies that rely on these data - artificial intelligence, big data or mobile applications - cannot be used to their full potential. In this article, we argue that interoperability is a prerequisite for the digital innovations envisioned for future medicine. We focus on four areas where interoperable data and IT systems are particularly important: (1) artificial intelligence and big data; (2) medical communication; (3) research; and (4) international cooperation. We discuss how interoperability can facilitate digital transformation in these areas to improve the health and well-being of patients worldwide

Damages

Covers cases on damages for mental suffering resuslting from breach of contract

Restitution in Washington Contracts

The scope of this Comment will be limited to discussion of restitution as an alternative remedy for a breach of contract by the defendant, and as a sole remedy for a plaintiff unable to enforce a contract by reason of his own breach, his non-performance of a condition, or the Statute of Frauds. Restitution as a remedy where no agreement has been entered into, or where an agreement is void or voidable, will not be treated, although some fraud and misrepresentation cases are cited for principles which are equally germane to the restitution discussion

Metabolic syndrome, obesity and ethnicity—The SAMINOR Study

Clustering of certain cardiometabolic risk factors is known as metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle and the prevalence is increasing alongside the obesity epidemic, making it an important public health issue. Both MetS and obesity are common in the adult population in rural Northern Norway, which comprises an ethnically mixed population. MetS is defined using ethnicity-specific cut-offs for waist circumference (WC), but there is much uncertainty with respect to obesity and ethnicity. Using various regression models we analysed data from the SAMINOR Study, comprising SAMINOR 1 (2003–2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012–2014). We examined the change in prevalence of MetS between these two time points by sex and Sami/non-Sami ethnicity, and estimated the mortality of MetS, obesity-metabolic phenotypes, and continuous obesity measures. Next, we modelled the ethnic-specific relationships between metabolic markers and obesity measures. Finally, we examined the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and height, estimated a sample-specific height-corrected weight index and compared it in Sami and non-Sami. The prevalence of MetS increased over time and was present in more than one third of the population in 2012–2014. The increase differed by sex, but not ethnicity. MetS was associated with a 50% increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. In men, metabolically healthy obesity was associated with a three-fold increase in CVD mortality compared to metabolically healthy non-obesity. The association was linear and positive for all obesity measures regardless of metabolic health status in men. However, there were only weak associations between metabolically healthy obesity and mortality in women. We found no evidence of ethnic-specific relationships between obesity measures and metabolic markers. Because height differs in Sami and non-Sami, BMI comparisons are biased. Cardiometabolic health is deteriorating in rural Northern Norway. This development is not influenced by ethnicity. Previous findings of ethnic differences in obesity may be invalid

Soluciones energéticas para las amortizaciones humanitarias y de desarrollo

El enfoque habitual del suministro de energía durante las crisis de refugiados tiende a caer en la dependencia de combustibles sucios, peligrosos y caros. Las soluciones energéticas sostenibles exigen un marco de planificación a largo plazo. Hay oportunidades de alinear la resiliencia energética y los objetivos de acceso de las naciones de acogida dentro del proceso para que las operaciones humanitarias y los objetivos sean ecológicos y para que los refugiados sean autosuficientes