If It Looks Like a Duck and Quacks Like a Duck: Evaluating the Validity of Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents

The validity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been a topic of much controversy in psychiatry. Over the last two decades, a wealth of empirical work has challenged long-held concerns regarding the validity of adolescent BPD. However, this research has been conducted within a traditional approach to psychiatric nosology.In this article, we aim to evaluate the validity of adolescent BPD as guided by both the Robins and Guze criteria for the validity of psychiatric constructs and the new National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria (NIMH RDoC).We used the five principles of the Robins and Guze approach to evaluate selected research from our own and other groups regarding the validity of adolescent BPD. These principles include clinical description studies, laboratory studies, studies that delimitate the disorder from other related syndromes, follow-up studies, and family studies.Within the Robins and Guze criteria framework, evidence to date supports the validity of adolescent BPD to some extent. However, limitations of the research about the construct validity of adolescent BPD have also been identified, most notably regarding the delimitation of adolescent BPD from other disorders as well as a lack of longitudinal and family studies.Given these limitations and the limitations of the Robins and Guze approach to psychiatric nosology, we recommend exploring the potential of the National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria as a complement to previous work

An Experimental Study on Unit Side Resistance of Gaziantep Limestone

In this study, the correlation between the uniaxial compressive strength and unit side resistance of Gaziantep limestone was investigated experimentally for dry and fully saturated conditions. The results were compared with the methods given in the literature which correlate these two parameters. The linear correlations significantly overestimated the measured side resistance values for all tests while the non-linear methods generally overestimated the unit side resistance under fully saturated conditions but provided a reasonable estimation for dry samples. As a result, a linear correlation and non-linear correlation ranges for estimating the unit side resistance of such limestones were also suggested

Current maternal depression moderates the relation between critical expressed emotion in mothers and depressive symptoms in their adolescent daughters

a b s t r a c t Prior studies have examined critical expressed emotion (EE-Crit) in mothers in the intergenerational transmission of depression. However, the potential moderating effect of maternal depression diagnostic status in relation to EE-Crit and youth depressive symptoms has yet to be determined. A total of N¼ 121 biological mother/daughter dyads that differed in maternal depression diagnostic status were recruited for the present study: (1) currently depressed mothers (current depression, n ¼29); (2) formerly depressed mothers (past depression, n ¼39); and (3) mothers free from any psychiatric history (healthy controls, n ¼53). Mothers were administered structured clinical interviews and completed self-report measures of EE-Crit and psychopathology, and daughters self-reported depressive symptoms. Results indicated no significant group differences in EE-Crit; however, current maternal depression status moderated EE-Crit such that the magnitude of the relation between EE-Crit and adolescent depressive symptoms was significantly greater in daughters of currently depressed mothers. These findings highlight the importance of considering current maternal depression, rather than a history of maternal depression, in relation to EE-Crit and adolescent depressive symptoms, providing impetus for future investigations

Poenostavljen pristop za oceno posedanja temeljne plošče na pilotih

In this study, a simplified approach to the settlement estimation of piled rafts resting on over-consolidated clay deposits is presented. For this purpose, a series of plane-strain and three-dimensional analyses were performed and their results are compared with the available data in the literature. It was found that the percentage decrease in the total settlements with the addition of piles with respect to the unpiled case is very closely estimated by both the plane-strain and the three-dimensional, simplified, numerical analyses. Using this phenomenon, a simple method of analysis is suggested for the total settlement estimation of the piled raft foundations and design charts are provided for the cases studied (for the specific soil conditions only) throughout this study.Vlaga zgoščenih zemljin se po vgradnji v zemeljske objekte uravnoteži z okolico. V pogojih vlažne in zmerne klime se glinene zemljine, ki so se kompaktirale na suhi strani Proctorjeve krivulje, dodatno navlažijo. Proces vlaženja spremlja zniževanje sukcije in dodatne deformacije, ki so lahko nabrekanje ali strukturni kolaps. Preiskave zemljin iz glinenih nasipov so pokazale, da se sukcija uravnoteži pri vrednostih pod ca. 300 kPa. V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate raziskav, opravljenih na zgoščenih zemljinah, v okviru katerih smo konvencionalne raziskave dopolnili z meritvami sukcije. Na izbranih vzorcih, ki smo jim določili retencijsko krivuljo, smo merili sukcijo pri različnih stopnjah zgoščenosti. Po preplavitvi smo v edometru opazovali deformacije, ki so se v odvisnosti od začetnega stanja odražale kot nabrekalni dvižki ali kolaps. S primerjavo podatkov smo ugotovili, da začetna sukcija nabitih vzorcev pomembno vpliva na značaj deformacij ob vlaženju in bi v prihodnje lahko služila kot pomemben kazalnik V študiji je prikazan poenostavljen pristop za oceno posedanja temeljnih plošč na pilotih, ki ležijo na sedimentiranih prekonsolidiranih glinah. Za ta namen je bil izveden niz ravninsko deformacijskih in tridimenzionalnih analiz, njihovi rezultati pa so bili primerjani z razpoložljivimi podatki iz literature. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je bil delež znižanja celotnih posedkov s piloti glede na primer brez pilotov zelo natančno ocenjen z obema - ravninsko deformacijsko in poenostavljeno tridimenzionalno numerično analizo. Zaradi tega je predlagana enostavna metoda za oceno posedanja temeljnih plošč na pilotih. Za obravnavane primere (samo za določene pogoje temeljnih tal) pa so podani tudi projektni diagrami za oceno posedanja temeljnih plošč na pilotih

The ‘Gentlemen’s Agreement’ between CIAM and UIA: Organizational Approaches to the History of Postwar Modernism

The “lateness” of the Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne after 1945 (Matteoni 1992), its indecisiveness on the issue of “habitat” (Bonnet 1997), and its eventual disbandment (Mumford 2000) are synonymous in architectural historiography with the characterization of postwar modernism as a period “anxious” to find a clear direction (Goldhagen 2000). Conventionally, the termination of CIAM has been described as a self-dissolution initiated by a split along both generational and discursive lines (Kourniati 2006), which “younger” CIAM members characterized as the origin of Team 10 (Smithson 1982), and which “older” members identified instead with the moment of their own disengagement (Sert et al. 1961). This narrative however does not account for external factors and for the broader context that CIAM was part of as a non-governmental organization with consultative status to the United Nations, from the East-West relations that characterized the Cold War (Moravánszky et al. 2017) to the emergence of the Global South (Aggregate 2022). To address this gap, the paper reflects on possible methodologies for relating CIAM’s well-known public discourse to its lesser-known organizational processes, from internal paperwork to publicity strategies (Kalpakci 2017). Its focus is on the informal pact that CIAM and the Union Internationale des Architectes (UIA) stipulated in 1946, whose purpose was to arrange the roles and obligations for both organizations in the international field, but whose integrity was thereafter broken multiple times. The paper presents first the argument that this breach of contract contributed decisively to CIAM’s termination, suggesting that its omission from public narratives preserved CIAM’s reputation as that of a self-determined avant-garde till the end, and reflects then on the research approaches that have been applied to analyze the impact of this informal agreement on postwar modernism

Professional Education and Its Discontents

A history of the objections that architectural students and Global South delegates voiced at the eighth congress of the International Union of Architects (UIA) held in Paris, France, in 1965, on “The Education of the Architect

Moving constructions, workshop, 20/2/2019

Begleitbroschüre zum Workshop vom 20. Februar 2019, der im Rahmen der Ausstellung Construções em Movimento, Filmes do Arquivo de Arquitetura do gta/ETH Zurique – Moving Constructions, Films from the Architecture Archives of gta/ETH Zurich (19.02.-26.05.2019), in Garagem Sul, Centro Cultural de Belém, Lissabon, stattfand: Films in architectural collections tend to present a kind of discrepancy in that they are listed in the archival records but remain mostly absent from the construction of new historical narratives. Moving Constructions presents a reversal of this relationship, exposing fifteen films to new critical reflection. The exhibition brings to light the collection of films preserved in the gta Archives [...]. Organized by: Garagem Sul + Lab2PT/Commissioner: André Tavares/Curators: Andreas Kalpakci, Jacqueline Maurer, Daniela Ortiz dos Santos in collaboration with: gta Institut / ETH Zurich/Suport: Pro Helvetia