Test generation from P systems using model checking

This paper presents some testing approaches based on model checking and using different testing criteria. First, test sets are built from different Kripke structure representations. Second, various rule coverage criteria for transitional, non-deterministic, cell-like P systems, are considered in order to generate adequate test sets. Rule based coverage criteria (simple rule coverage, context-dependent rule coverage and variants) are defined and, for each criterion, a set of LTL (Linear Temporal Logic) formulas is provided. A codification of a P system as a Kripke structure and the sets of LTL properties are used in test generation: for each criterion, test cases are obtained from the counterexamples of the associated LTL formulas, which are automatically generated from the Kripke structure codification of the P system. The method is illustrated with an implementation using a specific model checker, NuSMV. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Testing a deterministic implementation against a non-controllable non-deterministic stream X-machine

A stream X-machine is a type of extended finite state machine with an associated development approach that consists of building a system from a set of trusted components. One of the great benefits of using stream X-machines for the purpose of specification is the existence of test generation techniques that produce test suites that are guaranteed to determine correctness as long as certain well-defined conditions hold. One of the conditions that is traditionally assumed to hold is controllability: this insists that all paths through the stream X-machine are feasible. This restrictive condition has recently been weakened for testing from a deterministic stream X-machine. This paper shows how controllability can be replaced by a weaker condition when testing a deterministic system against a non-deterministic stream X-machine. This paper therefore develops a new, more general, test generation algorithm for testing from a non-deterministic stream X-machine

Innovative Approaches to Management Health Needed to Make Ecosanogenesis

In this study we analysed the field of  ecosanogenesis in correlation the health workplace, the health of consumers, and the  health of the environment. Concerns of this vast area are primarily related to the implications of technology and various health products, because their effects are far more extensive and more generalized. This concept involves man to major issues, human actions and their results, nature and society, material and spiritual culture in a global relational context. If health depends on the relation  human - product - nature, and promote better health will depend on optimal functionality of this relationship. Innovation as a result of research and inventions, in the service ecosanogenesis, offers a balance and sustainable development progress for sure, we could call it positive progress.Health classic resources financing, general taxes or health insurance contributions, are becoming increasingly inadequate, regardless of the type of health system, national health system or health insurance system. From increasingly many factors adversely affect the health of the population impersonal, that are not the result of human action or inaction in terms of his daily activities e.g.: environmental pollution, deforestation, use of non-biodegradable products etc. In conclusion we descript the innovative approaches to management health in context of ecosanogensis.&nbsp

Testing Identifiable Kernel P Systems Using an X-machine Approach

This paper presents a testing approach for kernel P systems (kP systems), based on the X-machine testing framework and the concept of cover automaton. The testing methodology ensures that the implementation conforms the speci cations, under certain conditions, such as the identi ably concept in the context of kernel P systems

Checking experiments for stream X-machines

This article is a post-print version of the published article which may be accessed at the link below. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Stream X-machines are a state based formalism that has associated with it a particular development process in which a system is built from trusted components. Testing thus essentially checks that these components have been combined in a correct manner and that the orders in which they can occur are consistent with the specification. Importantly, there are test generation methods that return a checking experiment: a test that is guaranteed to determine correctness as long as the implementation under test (IUT) is functionally equivalent to an unknown element of a given fault domain Ψ. Previous work has show how three methods for generating checking experiments from a finite state machine (FSM) can be adapted to testing from a stream X-machine. However, there are many other methods for generating checking experiments from an FSM and these have a variety of benefits that correspond to different testing scenarios. This paper shows how any method for generating a checking experiment from an FSM can be adapted to generate a checking experiment for testing an implementation against a stream X-machine. This is the case whether we are testing to check that the IUT is functionally equivalent to a specification or we are testing to check that every trace (input/output sequence) of the IUT is also a trace of a nondeterministic specification. Interestingly, this holds even if the fault domain Ψ used is not that traditionally associated with testing from a stream X-machine. The results also apply for both deterministic and nondeterministic implementations

Eco-Economic Model Regarding the Human Possibility Food Consumption in the Context of Realization the Ecosanogenesis

In the our studies we developed one model for descript the interrelation from consumption of human calories, the population growth  and the possibility for pay the food in Romania.  The economy is in conflict with the environment and realization the ecosanogenetic balance.  Eco-economy development is influenced by essential factors with different contributions to decrease or increase the level of degradation of the environment, including biodiversity and ecosanogenetic balance. In this direction for realization the ecosanogenesis it must reconsider the relationship between biodiversity and economy as mankind consumes more food than it produces because the global grain stocks were reduced to less than half, leading to food shortages and start a food crisis imminent in the world. The econometric model developed can highlight the need for calories at the individual level is approximately constant, being influenced by specific biological factors, and population and GDP influences consumption of calories, which directly influences can have negative impacts on ecosanogenesis and agro ecosystems

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MEASURING THE QUALITY OF SERVICES OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The evaluation of educational services� quality through clearly defined criteria and methodologies is a basic requirement of the Bologna Process. The authors are proposing to debate in this study a mathematical model which could be used by the higher education managers in their approaches for determining the quality of the educational services offered, and especially for establishing the place of the higher education institution managed by them in the universitary hierarchy. The study uses a set of indexes proposed by various authors, adapted to the classification structure of the intellectual capital unanimously accepted world wide, namely the external and internal structure and the employees� competence. As calculation method the ROMPEDET method was used. For verifying the model�s usability, this was applied in the case of the universities from Constanta, and the results thus obtained are included in the study.quality of educational services; ROMPEDET method; intangible assets indicators

Approaches to Bioeconomic Modelling in Correlation with Consumer Model and Biodiversity Indicators

In this study we analysed  the characteristics of bio-economic models in agricultural systems and agro-biodiversity indicators. The classical bioeconomic models are used to analyze the human consumption of ecosystems for production.  The analysis focuses on changes in a limited set of agro-biodiversity indicators that matter to human beings. In existing bioeconomic models incorporate ecological complexities and dynamics is limited. Although bioeconomic model  provides useful methods to integrate economic values into environmental analyses, improved  the dynamic interrelationships between natural processes and socio-economic systems is needed to allow an integrated assessment of multiple values. The overview will enable a more informed decision about whether and how bio-economic models/modeling can contribute to the development of integrated environmental decision support tools.  The bio economic modeling it is important for evaluating the costs and benefits associated with environmental resource use

Testing Non-deterministic Stream X-machine Models and P systems

AbstractUnder certain well defined conditions, the stream X-machine testing method can produce a test set that is guaranteed to determine the correctness of an implementation. The testing method has originally assumed that an implementation of each processing function or relation is proven to be correct before the actual testing can take place. Such a limitation has been removed in a subsequent paper, but only for deterministic X-machines. This paper extends this result to non-deterministic stream X-machines and considers a conformance relationship between a specification and an implementation, rather than mere equivalence. Furthermore, it shows how this method can be applied to test a P system by building a suitable stream X-machine from the derivation tree associated with a partial computation

Testing Based on Identifiable P Systems Using Cover Automata and X-Machines

YesThis paper represents a significant advance on the issue of testing for implementations specified by P systems with transformation and communicating rules. Using the X-machine framework and the concept of cover automaton, it devises a testing approach for such systems, that, under well defined conditions, it ensures that the implementation conforms to the specification. It also investigates the issue of identifiability for P systems, that is an essential prerequisite for testing implementations based on such specifications and establishes a fundamental set of properties for identifiable P systems.Marian Gheorghe and Savas Konur acknowledge the support from EPSRC (EP/I031812/1). Marian Gheorghe’s and Florentin Ipate’s work is partially supported by CNCS-UEFISCDI (PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0688)