A proposed nutrient density score that includes food groups and nutrients to better align with dietary guidance.

Current research on diets and health focuses on composite food patterns and their likely impact on health outcomes. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) have likewise adopted a more food group-based approach. By contrast, most nutrient profiling (NP) models continue to assess nutrient density of individual foods, based on a small number of individual nutrients. Nutrients to encourage have included protein, fiber, and a wide range of vitamins and minerals. Nutrients to limit are typically saturated fats, total or added sugars, and sodium. Because current NP models may not fully capture the healthfulness of foods, there is a case for advancing a hybrid NP approach that takes both nutrients and desirable food groups and food ingredients into account. Creating a nutrient- and food-based NP model may provide a more integrated way of assessing a foods nutrient density. Hybrid nutrient density scores will provide for a better alignment between NP models and the DGA, a chief instrument of food and nutrition policy in the United States. Such synergy may lead ultimately to improved dietary guidance, sound nutrition policy, and better public health

Primariness of some spaces of continuous functions

Sin resume

On minimally subspace-comparable F-spaces

AbstractAn F-space (complete metric linear space) is minimal if it admits no strictly weaker linear Hausdorff topology, and quotient (q-) minimal if all of its Hausdorff quotients are minimal. Two F-spaces are (q-minimally) minimally s-comparable if they have no isomorphic (q-) nonminimal closed linear subspaces. It is proved that if X, Y are (q-minimally (resp., minimally) s-comparable F-subspaces of an arbitrary topological linear space E (resp., with X ∩ Y = {0}), then X + Y is an F-subspace of E. Also, if X1,…, Xn are F-subspaces of E, then X1 + ··· + Xn is an F-subspace of E, provided that XiF and XjG are minimally s-comparable whenever F and G are closed minimal subspaces of Xi and Xj, i ≠ j. These are analogs of some results due to Gurariǐ and Rosenthal concerning totally incomparable Banach spaces

Taste Responsiveness in Eating Disorders

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75756/1/j.1749-6632.1989.tb53260.x.pd

True preimages of compact or separable sets for functional analysts

summary:We discuss various results on the existence of `true' preimages under continuous open maps between $F$-spaces, $F$-lattices and some other spaces. The aim of the paper is to provide accessible proofs of this sort of results for functional-analysts

Linear programming can help identify practical solutions to improve the nutritional quality of food aid.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the nutritional quality of food aid delivered by food banks in France and to identify practical modifications to improve it. DESIGN: National-level data were collected for all food aid distributed by French food banks in 2004, and its nutrient content per 2000 kcal was estimated and compared with French recommendations for adults. Starting with the actual donation and allowing new foods into the food aid donation, linear programming was used to identify the minimum changes required in the actual donation to achieve the French recommendations. RESULTS: French food-bank-delivered food aid does not achieve the French recommendations for dietary fibre, ascorbic acid, vitamin D, folate, magnesium, docosahexaenoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid and the percentage of energy from saturated fatty acids. Linear programming analysis showed that these recommendations are achievable if more fruits, vegetables, legumes and fish were collected and less cheese, refined cereals and foods rich in fat, sugar and/or salt. In addition, new foods not previously collected are needed, particularly nuts, wholemeal bread and rapeseed oil. These changes increased the total edible weight (42%) and economic value (55%) of the food aid donation, with one-third of its edible weight coming from fruits and vegetables, one-third from staples, one-quarter from dairy products and approximately a tenth from meat/fish/eggs. CONCLUSIONS: Important changes in the types and amounts of food collected will improve the nutritional quality of food-bank-delivered food aid in France. Such changes are recommended to improve the diets of deprived French populations

Macronutrient Substitutes and Weight-reduction Practices of Obese, Dieting, and Eating-disordered Women

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71619/1/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51804.x.pd

Association between energy density and diet cost in children

� 2016 PBJ-Associa��o Porto Biomedical/Porto Biomedical Society. Background: Lower energy density diets tend to cost more, but data using different ways to calculate the dietary energy density, is scarce. Objectives: To estimate the dietary energy density, and to assess how it is associated with the diet cost in children. Methods: Data were obtained from a community-based survey from public elementary schools in Portugal. Dietary intake of 464 children (6-12 years) was assessed by a 24 h recall in 2007/2008. Dietary energy density (kcal/g) was calculated as following: (1) with food and all beverages (ED1), (2) with food and caloric beverages (ED2), and (3) only with food (ED3). Energy-adjusted diet cost (D /1000 kcal) was calculated based on the collection of food prices from a national leader supermarket. Anthropometric measures were taken and socio-demographic data were obtained from parents. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between diet cost and energy density. Results: For boys, the energy-adjusted diet cost of the highest third of energy density was lower, between 81% in the ED3 (p for trend < 0.001) and 87% in the ED1 (p for trend < 0.001), compared to the lowest third. Girls showed similar, but weaker associations. Conclusions: Higher dietary energy density was associated with lower dietary cost among children.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio