Die Verbindung von theoretischem und praktischem Wissen im Kontext von Bildung und Arbeit: eine konnektivitätstheoretische Perspektive auf Lehramtsstudien in der Sekundarstufe Berufsbildung

Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit möglichen Chancen und Herausforderungen, die sich durch die Einführung des Lehramts "Sekundarstufe Berufsbildung" in Österreich ergeben. Im Rahmen einer explorativen, responsiv gestalteten Evaluationsstudie mit zentralem Fokus auf die Perspektive der für die Ausbildung relevanten Stakeholder wird der Verbindung von theoretischem und praktischem Wissen im Kontext von Bildung und Arbeit nachgegangen. Hintergrund dafür bildet eine konnektivitätstheoretische Perspektive, in deren Mittelpunkt ein Zusammenwirken von unterschiedlichen Akteuren und Akteurinnen, institutionellen Kontexten und Wissensbeständen steht. Zentrale Fragestellungen sind die Ausgestaltung hochschuldidaktischer Settings, der Balanceakt zwischen Wissenschafts- und Berufsfeldorientierung, die Vernetzung der Ausbildung mit anderen Institutionen. Insgesamt zeigt sich in den ersten Ergebnissen, dass ein gewisses Ausmaß an Konnektivität mit dem Ziel der Professionalisierung bereits erreicht wurde

The EPATH trial

Observational studies suggested a link between bone disease and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction that may be pronounced in hyperparathyroid conditions. We therefore aimed to test the hypothesis that circulating markers of bone turnover correlate with LV function in a cohort of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Cross-sectional data of 155 subjects with pHPT were analyzed who participated in the “Eplerenone in Primary Hyperparathyroidism” (EPATH) Trial. Multivariate linear regression analyses with LV ejection fraction (LVEF, systolic function) or peak early transmitral filling velocity (e’, diastolic function) as dependent variables and N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type 1 (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), bone- specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), or beta-crosslaps (CTX) as the respective independent variable were performed. Analyses were additionally adjusted for plasma parathyroid hormone, plasma calcium, age, sex, HbA1c, body mass index, mean 24-hours systolic blood pressure, smoking status, estimated glomerular filtration rate, antihypertensive treatment, osteoporosis treatment, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and N-terminal pro-brain B-type natriuretic peptide. Independent relationships were observed between P1NP and LVEF (adjusted β-coefficient = 0.201, P = 0.035) and e’ (β = 0.188, P = 0.042), respectively. OC (β = 0.192, P = 0.039) and BALP (β = 0.198, P = 0.030) were each independently related with e’. CTX showed no correlations with LVEF or e’. In conclusion, high bone formation markers were independently and paradoxically related with better LV diastolic and, partly, better systolic function, in the setting of pHPT. Potentially cardio-protective properties of stimulated bone formation in the context of hyperparathyroidism should be explored in future studies

Correlação entre os níveis de vitamina D e densidade mineral óssea em uma população iraniana saudável

ResumoObjetivosConsiderando os resultados controversos sobre a relação entre níveis de vitamina D e densidade mineral óssea em diferentes populações, o presente estudo foi desenhado para avaliar essa correlação em uma população iraniana saudável.MétodosCom uma amostra aleatória de homens e mulheres aparentemente saudáveis, este estudo transversal multicêntrico considerou 4.450 indivíduos que vivem na região urbana de cinco grandes cidades no Irã. Os valores da densidade mineral óssea (DMO) foram analisados em conjunto com os níveis séricos de 25(OH)D e PTH. Análise da variação (Anova) foi usada para estimar os principais efeitos por meio da comparação entre os valores médios desses marcadores e a condição da densidade mineral óssea de cada gênero nesta amostra de estudo.ResultadosNíveis de 25(OH)D foram inversamente proporcionais aos valores de DMO no nível do quadril (r=‐0,062 em homens e r=‐0,057 em mulheres) e da coluna vertebral (r=‐0,076 em homens e r=‐0,107 em mulheres). Após ajuste dos dados para idade, a correlação negativa não foi mais estatisticamente significante.ConclusãoNíveis séricos de 25(OH)D são inversamente correlacionados com os valores de massa óssea em ambos os gêneros.AbstractObjectivesConsidering the controversial results regarding the relationship between vitamin D levels and bone mineral density in different populations, the present study was designed to evaluate this correlation in a healthy Iranian population.MethodsUsing a random cluster sample of apparently healthy men and women, this multicenter cross‐sectional study was carried out among 4450 individuals living in urban areas of five major cities in Iran. Bone mineral density (BMD) values at different sites were analyzed along with the serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH. Analysis of variance (Anova) was used to estimate the main effects, through comparing the mean values of these markers based on the bone mineral density status of the study group in each sex.Results25(OH)D levels were inversely correlated with BMD values at total hip (r=−0.062 in men and r=−0.057 in women) and spine (r=−0.076 in men and r=−0.107 in women). After adjusting the data for age, the inverse correlation was no longer statistically significant.ConclusionSerum 25(OH)D levels are inversely correlated with bone mass values in both sexes

Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium - VIII. PSN J07285387+3349106, a highly reddened supernova Ibn

We present spectroscopic and photometric observations for the Type Ibn supernova (SN) dubbed PSN J07285387+3349106. Using data provided by amateur astronomers, we monitored the photometric rise of the SN to maximum light, occurred on 2015 February 18.8 UT (JD(max,V) = 2457072.0 +- 0.8). PSN J07285387+3349106 exploded in the inner region of an infrared luminous galaxy, and is the most reddened SN Ibn discovered so far. We apply multiple methods to derive the total reddening to the SN, and determine a total colour excess E(B-V)(tot) = 0.99 +- 0.48 mag. Accounting for the reddening correction, which is affected by a large uncertainty, we estimate a peak absolute magnitude of M(V) = -20.30 +- 1.50. The spectra are dominated by continuum emission at early phases, and He I lines with narrow P-Cygni profiles are detected. We also identify weak Fe III and N II features. All these lines show an absorption component which is blue-shifted by about 900-1000 km/s. The spectra also show relatively broad He I line wings with low contrast, which extend to above 3000 km/s. From about 2 weeks past maximum, broad lines of O I, Mg II and the Ca II near-infrared triplet are identified. The composition and the expansion velocity of the circumstellar material, and the presence of He I and alpha-elements in the SN ejecta indicate that PSN J07285387+3349106 was produced by the core-collapse of a stripped-envelope star. We suggest that the precursor was WNE-type Wolf-Rayet star in its dense, He-rich circumstellar cocoon.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Den Lernraum Betriebspraktikum gemeinsam öffnen

"Mandatory internships have become a firmly anchored curricular element of many vocational medium and high schools. With the help of a connectivity-oriented internship didactics, the authors unfold a special perspective on the design of teaching / learning processes in experience-completing internships. The internship is understood as a conglomeration of learning places, activities and phases centered around learning and working in the internship. The opening up of this learning space requires both the commitment of the key actors of school and enterprise, as well as a juxtaposition of the actions described at a strategic and operational level in this book. A tool fund supports readers in implementing this connectivity-oriented perspective in their own professional context. Dr. Annette Ostendorf is a University Professor of Business Education and Head of the Institute for Organization and Learning at the University of Innsbruck. Dr. Bettina Dimai is a project assistant at the same institute and works as a freelance trainer and consultant. Mag. Christin Ehrlich, PhD and Mag. Hannes Hautz, MSc are scientific assistants at the Institute for Organization and Learning, Department of Business Education.

The Production Rate of SN Ia Events in Globular Clusters

In globular clusters, dynamical evolution produces luminous X-ray emitting binaries at a rate about 200 times greater than in the field. If globular clusters also produce SNe Ia at a high rate, it would account for much of the SN Ia events in early type galaxies and provide insight into their formation. Here we use archival HST images of nearby galaxies that have hosted SNe Ia to examine the rate at which globular clusters produce these events. The location of the SN Ia is registered on an HST image obtained before the event or after the supernova faded. Of the 36 nearby galaxies examined, 21 had sufficiently good data to search for globular cluster hosts. None of the 21 supernovae have a definite globular cluster counterpart, although there are some ambiguous cases. This places an upper limit to the enhancement rate of SN Ia production in globular clusters of about 42 at the 95% confidence level, which is an order of magnitude lower than the enhancement rate for luminous X-ray binaries. Even if all of the ambiguous cases are considered as having a globular cluster counterpart, the upper bound for the enhancement rate is 82 at the 95% confidence level, excluding an enhancement rate of 200. Barring unforeseen selection effects, we conclude that globular clusters are not responsible for producing a significant fraction of the SN Ia events in early-type galaxies.Comment: 28 pages, 5 figures; ApJ submitte

Protocol for a multicentre, prospective cohort study of clinical, proteomic and genomic patterns associated with osteoporosis to develop a multidimensional fracture assessment tool: the PoCOsteo Study

INTRODUCTION: The HORIZON 2020 project PoCOsteo aims (1) to develop a multidimensional fracture risk assessment tool which would take into account all factors known to be related to an individual's fracture risk. The fracture risk model is intended to be developed in two different populations, namely a European and a Middle Eastern one; (2) to develop a medical device, which would measure and/or quantify proteomic as well as genomic factors as present in whole blood samples collected through finger prick; (3) to test the clinical applicability and the validity of prototypes of the to be developed point of care device at both clinical centres. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This article presents the protocol of this prospective cohort that will be carried out independently at two different centres (Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology at the Medical University of Graz (MUG) as a clinic-based cohort, and Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI) at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) as a population-based cohort). The final aim is to develop a fracture risk assessment model, which would include clinical risk factors, biochemical markers of bone turnover, as well as specific genomic factors. The derivation cohorts will consist of individuals aged 50 years and above. The period of observation for each patient will be 12 months; an extension phase, which would last for another 2 years, is also planned. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: These studies are conducted in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The Iranian part was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of EMRI, TUMS. The Austrian part was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Graz. Based on the gathered information, a multidimensional fracture assessment tool will be designed which will later be added to the PoCOsteo device