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A Haystack Heuristic for Autoimmune Disease Biomarker Discovery Using Next-Gen Immune Repertoire Sequencing Data.
Large-scale DNA sequencing of immunological repertoires offers an opportunity for the discovery of novel biomarkers for autoimmune disease. Available bioinformatics techniques however, are not adequately suited for elucidating possible biomarker candidates from within large immunosequencing datasets due to unsatisfactory scalability and sensitivity. Here, we present the Haystack Heuristic, an algorithm customized to computationally extract disease-associated motifs from next-generation-sequenced repertoires by contrasting disease and healthy subjects. This technique employs a local-search graph-theory approach to discover novel motifs in patient data. We apply the Haystack Heuristic to nine million B-cell receptor sequences obtained from nearly 100 individuals in order to elucidate a new motif that is significantly associated with multiple sclerosis. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the Haystack Heuristic in computing possible biomarker candidates from high throughput sequencing data and could be generalized to other datasets
2015-2016 Collaborative Spotlight: Elisabeth von Trapp, Lisa Leonard and Marc Reese
Past Collaborative Spotlight Concerts 2011 - Duo Pianists Leonard and Shen 2012 - The American Brass Quintet 2013 - Featuring the Faculty of the Conservatory of Music 2014 - The Miami Brasshttps://spiral.lynn.edu/conservatory_otherseasonalconcerts/1020/thumbnail.jp
Economics of nuclear power in decarbonized energy systems
Many governments consider the construction of new nuclear power plants to
support the decarbonization of the energy system. On the one hand, dispatchable
nuclear plants can complement fluctuating generation from wind and solar, but
on the other hand, escalating construction costs and times raise economic
concerns. Using a detailed energy planning model, our analysis finds that even
if, despite the historic trend, overnight construction costs of nuclear half to
4,000 US-$2018 per kW and construction times remain below 10 years, the cost
efficient share of nuclear power in European electricity generation is only
around 10%. This analysis still omits social costs of nuclear power, such as
the risk of accidents or waste management. To recover their investment costs,
nuclear plants must operate inflexibly and at utilization rates close to 90%.
As a result, grid infrastructure, flexible demand, and storage are more
efficient options to integrate fluctuating wind and PV generation
Roll Them Roly Boly Eyes / words by Eddie Leonard
Key of Bb. Cover: a photo of a man; Publisher: Harry von Tilzer Music Publishing Co. (New York)https://egrove.olemiss.edu/sharris_c/1045/thumbnail.jp
Variability in Volume Metering Devices
The inherent variability of seed and fertilizer application from volumetric metering devices is not readily recognized. The Canadian Prairie Agricultural Machinery Institute (P AMI) suggests a maximum coefficient of variation (CV) of 15% among outlets for seeding grain or applying fertilizer. P AMI does not report down-the-row variability of individual outlets. Parameters that influence variability of volumetric measuring external fluted wheels such as rotational speed of the metering wheel, product delivery rate, seed size, and cell collection lengths were examined.
In the first study, external fluted wheel meters on four grain drills were tested for seed delivery variability for wheat and soybeans, both among the metering outlets and down-the-row for individual meters. Tests on two additional drills, one an air drill and the other with external fluted metering, used two sizes of soybean seeds and two travel speeds. For wheat, down-the-row CV ranged from 12.5 to 22.5% and the CV among metering units ranged from 12.5 to 21 %. For soybeans, the CV ranged from 15.5 to 41.5% with the air drill having the lower CV. A faster travel speed gave a lower CV for both drills metering soybeans.
In a second study, when metering wheat, the seeding rate variability due to cell size and seeding rate were evaluated. Each meter was evaluated with cells 0.48 or 0.96 m in length and seeding rates of 60, 80,90, and 100 kg/ha. The down-the-row CV ranged from 10 to 28% with 0.48 m length cells, and from 4 to 22% with 0.96 m length cells. Some of these CVs may be too high for a metering mechanism such as the fluted wheel to be used in SSCM
Non-gaussianities and the Stimulated creation of quanta in the inflationary universe
Cosmological inflation generates a spectrum of density perturbations that can
seed the cosmic structures we observe today. These perturbations are usually
computed as the result of the gravitationally-induced spontaneous creation of
perturbations from an initial vacuum state. In this paper, we compute the
perturbations arising from gravitationally-induced stimulated creation when
perturbations are already present in the initial state. The effect of these
initial perturbations is not diluted by inflation and survives to its end, and
beyond. We consider a generic statistical density operator describing an
initial mixed state that includes probabilities for nonzero numbers of scalar
perturbations to be present at early times during inflation. We analyze the
primordial bispectrum for general configurations of the three different
momentum vectors in its arguments. We find that the initial presence of quanta
can significantly enhance non-gaussianities in the so-called squeezed limit.
Our results show that an observation of non-gaussianities in the squeezed limit
can occur for single-field inflation when the state in the very early
inflationary universe is not the vacuum, but instead contains early-time
perturbations. Valuable information about the initial state can then be
obtained from observations of those non-gaussianities.Comment: 25 page
Scenarios for Coal-Exit in Germany—A Model-Based Analysis and Implications in the European Context
The political discussion to reduce the carbon footprint of Germany’s electricity sector, focusing on coal, is intensifying. In this paper, we develop scenarios for phasing out lignite and hard coal power plants in Germany prior to the end of their technical lifespan (“coal-exit”). Our analysis bases upon two coal-exit instruments, the retirement of coal generation capacities and the limiting of how much aged coal power plants with high carbon intensity can be used within a year. Results show that phasing out coal in Germany would have a considerable impact on Central European electricity markets, in terms of decarbonization efforts and electricity trade. An ambitious coal-exit could avert foreseeable shortcomings in Germany’s climate performance in the short-run and release additional carbon savings, thus compensating for potential shortfalls in other energy-intensive sectors by 2030. Limited emissions in the range of 27% would be shifted to neighboring countries. However, tremendous positive climate effects on European scale would result, because Germany’s annual emission savings in 2030 would be substantial. Totaling 85 million tons of CO2, the overall net reduction is equivalent to 17.5% of total European emissions in 2030 without retirements of coal-firing power plants prior to the end of their technical lifespan.BMBF, 01LN1704A, Nachwuchsgruppe Globaler Wandel: CoalExit - Die Ökonomie des Kohleausstiegs - Identifikation von Bausteinen für Rahmenpläne zukünftiger regionaler StrukturwandelBMBF, 01LA1810A, Ökonomie des Klimawandels - Verbundprojekt: Die Zukunft fossiler Energieträger im Zuge von Treibhausgasneutralität (FFF) - Teilprojekt 1: Implementierung von AusstiegspfadenBMBF, 01LA1810B, Ökonomie des Klimawandels - Verbundprojekt: Die Zukunft fossiler Energieträger im Zuge von Treibhausgasneutralität (FFF) - Teilprojekt 2: Flexibilität und Sektorkopplun
Towards absolute scales of radii and masses of open clusters
Aims: In this paper we derive tidal radii and masses of open clusters in the
nearest kiloparsecs around the Sun. Methods: For each cluster, the mass is
estimated from tidal radii determined from a fitting of three-parametric King's
profiles to the observed integrated density distribution. Different samples of
members are investigated. Results: For 236 open clusters, all contained in the
catalogue ASCC-2.5, we obtain core and tidal radii, as well as tidal masses.
The distributions of the core and tidal radii peak at about 1.5 pc and 7 - 10
pc, respectively. A typical relative error of the core radius lies between 15%
and 50%, whereas, for the majority of clusters, the tidal radius was determined
with a relative accuracy better than 20%. Most of the clusters have tidal
masses between 50 and 1000 , and for about half of the clusters, the
masses were obtained with a relative error better than 50%.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy &
Astrophysic
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