Marsupial extension in terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)

In Oniscidea, the marsupium is a ventral pouch where the offspring develop independently of an external water source. The marsupium is formed by five pairs of overlapping oostegites that develop in the females during their reproductive period. In this study, ovigerous females of 35 species were dissected, their oostegites were extracted, and the intra-marsupial offspring were counted. Two marsupium forms were recognized: distended, in which the oostegites protrude distally in relation to the sternites; and non-distended, in which the oostegites are parallel to the sixth and seventh sternites. Armadillidium nasatum, A. vulgare, Pudeoniscus birabeni, Circoniscus gaigei and Cubaris murina, conglobating species with a non-distended marsupium, and Neotroponiscus daguerri and N. carolii, non-conglobating species with a distended marsupium, have a concavity on the ventral floor of the 6th and 7th pereionites, here called the marsupial extension. This is the first record of a marsupial extension which extends beyond the area formed by the oostegites in Oniscidea

INFLUENCE OF COVERAGE BASED ON BIOPOLYMERS ON THE MATURATION OF CAGAITA (Eugenia dysenterica DC.)

The cagaita is a native fruit of the cerrado, of high perishability, and for postharvest conservation of the fresh fruit, methods are used to increase its life cycle. In the present study, edible coatings are used, a technique that aims to control the loss of mass through transpiration reduces gas exchange, increases the shelf-life, improves the appearance, preserves the structural integrity and mechanical properties. The study aims to evaluate the influence of coatings based on biopolymers on the maturation of cagaita during storage. The factorial scheme 3 x 4 was used, with three treatments - without coating, polysaccharide coating and protein coating, four evaluation points - with an interval of 2 days, stored at 25 ºC. The fruits were submitted to weight loss, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, and ascorbic acid evaluations. There was no influence of the time factor in the present study, and for titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, soluble solids, and pH, there was no significant difference between treatments. Observing the content of soluble solids, the main indicator of ripeness, which varies from 5 to 7 ºBrix, it was concluded that the fruits did not ripen

Nonlinear dynamics of a SMA large-scale space structure

Large-scale structures are of special interest of aerospace applications, especially the ones involving smart materials. This paper deals with an archetypal system with two degrees of freedom that resembles the use of SMA elements as vibration isolation systems on a sparse aperture satellite array. The system has SMA elements in two perpendicular directions connected to a mass. Each SMA element is connected to a base structure. Imperfections are represented by establishing a comparison between two different systems: ideal and perturbed configuration system. The perturbed configuration is characterized by a situation where all SMA elements are in a stress-free state. The thermomechanical behavior of SMA elements is described by a constitutive model with internal constrains. Numerical tests of this system are of concern showing its general dynamical behavior. Periodic and chaotic motions are investigated showing the complex behaviors of this kind of system. The effect of imperfection in system dynamics is also discussed

Implementation of the balanced scorecard in a brazilian state-owned company: the case of Petrobras

O Balanced Scorecard (BSC), desenvolvido por Kaplan e Norton em 1992, resultou da necessidade de captar toda a complexidade da performance da organização e tem sido ampla e crescentemente utilizado em empresas e organizações. Dentre suas contribuições estão a composição e a visualização de medidas de performance que reflitam a estratégia de negócios da empresa. O BSC resume, em um único documento, indicadores de performance em quatro perspectivas: financeira, clientes, processos internos e aprendizado, e crescimento. A importância do estudo reside no fato de que o BSC constitui a primeira tentativa sistemática de desenvolver um projeto para o sistema de avaliação de desempenho que enfoque os objetivos da empresa, a coordenação da tomada de decisão individual e a provisão de uma base para o aprendizado organizacional. Sendo assim, neste trabalho realizou-se uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema e apresentou-se o caso da implantação do BSC na Petrobras, companhia integrada que atua na exploração, produção, refino, comercialização e transporte de petróleo e seus derivados no Brasil e no exterior.The Balanced Scorecard (BSC), developed by Kaplan and Norton in 1992, responded to a need for consolidating the performance complexity of the organization and has been increasingly used since then. Among the advantages are the composition and visualization of performance measurements that reflect the companyâs business strategy. The BSC summarizes and indicates in a single document, performance from four perspectives, financial, clients, internal processes and learning and growth. This study is important because the BSC is the first systematic attempt to develop a project for a performance evaluation process that focuses on company objectives, coordination of individual decisions and a basis for the organizational learning. Therefore, applicable literature was reviewed and a presentation was made on implementation of the BSC at Petrobras, an integrated state-owned company acting in exploration, production, refining, commercialization and transport of oil and derivatives in Brazil and abroad.El Balanced Scorecard (BSC), desarrollado por Kaplan y Norton en 1992, resultó de la necesidad de captar toda la complejidad del desempeño de la organización, y ha sido amplia y creciente su utilización en empresas y organizaciones. Entre sus contribuciones están la composición y la visualización de medidas de desempeño que reflejen la estrategia de negocios de la empresa. El BSC resume, en un único documento, indicadores de desempeño en cuatro perspectivas: financiera, clientes, procesos internos y aprendizaje, y crecimiento. La importancia del estudio está en el hecho de que el BSC constituye el primer intento sistemático de desarrollar un proyecto para el sistema de evaluación de desempeño que enfoque los objetivos de la empresa, la coordinación de la tomada de decisión individual y la provisión de una base para el aprendizaje organizacional. Así, en este trabajo fue realizada una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema y presentado el caso de la implantación del BSC en la Petrobras, compañía integrada que actúa en la explotación, producción, refino, comercialización y transporte de petróleo y sus derivados en Brasil y en el exterior

O que os olhos não leem a sociedade sente: a leitura crítica do gênero notícia em sala de aula

This article proposes a reading activity (MATTOS, 2011; BRASIL, 1996; BRASIL, 2018) to be done in classrooms based on the concept of critical reading (FREIRE, 1989; CASSANY, 2004, 2012; ROVIRA, 2009). The motivations guiding this study derive from the recent study by Cruz and Martiniak (2018) on reading in the Brazilian Basic Education, in which the mapping of academic works dealing with this subject points to high rates of deficiency of this competence. The conclusion is that the negative indicators primarily relate to the reflexes generated by reading comprehension exercises that are restricted to the surface of the texts worked during the Portuguese language classes. Hence the need to propose activities that go beyond the materiality of these texts. To this end, we chose informative texts from the journalistic genre, specifically news reports, to be worked with the participation of elementary school students, enrolled in the eighth and ninth grades. Based on the theoretical contribution of Discourse Analysis (ORLANDI, 1999; CHARAUDEAU, 2013; EMEDIATO, 2013), we aim to work mechanisms of textual comprehension discussed in this theory that may lead teachers to explore the argumentative dimension (AMOSSY, 2006, 2011; CHARAUDEAU, 2013) present in texts of the news report genre. By doing so, we hope to contribute with language teachers to accomplish the effective and critical reading of news reports in classrooms and to reflect on the importance of this approach in trying to mitigate the lack of reading competence which has been made evident.O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta de trabalho para a leitura de textos (MATTOS, 2011; LDB, 1996; BNCC, 2017) em sala de aula que se paute no conceito de leitura crítica (FREIRE, 1986; CASSANY, 2012; ROVIRA, 2009). As motivações que guiam este estudo partem da recente pesquisa de Cruz e Martiniak (2018) sobre a leitura na Educação Básica brasileira, em que um mapeamento de trabalhos acadêmicos que tratam sobre esse assunto aponta altos índices de deficiência sobre esta habilidade. Como constatação, pode-se perceber que os indicadores negativos se relacionam, sobretudo, aos reflexos gerados por exercícios de compreensão da leitura que se restringem à superfície dos textos trabalhados ao longo das aulas de linguagens. Por isso a necessidade de se propor atividades que vão além da materialidade desses textos. Escolhemos, assim, textos informativos da esfera jornalística, especificamente o gênero notícia, para serem trabalhados com alunos do Ensino Fundamental II, do oitavo e do nono ano. Com aporte teórico da Análise do Discurso (ORLANDI, 1999; CHARAUDEAU, 2013; EMEDIATO, 2013), buscamos trabalhar mecanismos de compreensão textual discutidos nessa teoria que conduzam o professor a explorar a dimensão argumentativa (AMOSSY, 2006, 2011; CHARAUDEAU, 2013) presente no texto do gênero notícia. Dessa maneira, esperamos contribuir com docentes do campo das linguagens para um efetivo trabalho da leitura crítica de notícias em sala de aula, além de refletir sobre a importância de referida abordagem na tentativa de amenizar a deficiência de leitura por ora comprovada

Association Between Caries Experience and School Performance in an Island Community: Full-Time versus Part-Time Public Schools

Objective: To investigate the association between caries experience and school performance among children and adolescents living in an island community without fluoridated water supply and to compare data according to the type of attended school (full-time or part-time). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional oral health survey in a convenience sample of students (n=147) attending four public schools was performed. Students were examined by one calibrated dentist in the school environment to the obtain prevalence of dental caries (DMFT/dmft) and its consequences using the PUFA/pufa index. Self-reported oral health behavior was also accessed. Data from each student’s school performance and absenteeism were extracted from official sources and the school performance was classified into “good” and “fair”. The final sample consisted of 120 students. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were performed to evaluate collected data. Results: Students´ age ranged between 5 to 19 years (10±4.3). DMFT/dmft mean were 1.3 (±2.3) and 3.05 (±3.4), respectively. Conclusion:Participants from the full-time school presented better oral health status than their peers in the part-time schools (p<0.05). A significant association was found between the prevalence of caries-free participants and good school performance when the factor age range was controlled (OR=2.87). Moreover, attendance to full-time schools appeared to be a protective factor for good oral health conditions

A NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRICAL OUTPUT RESPONSE OF A NONLINEAR PIEZOELECTRIC OSCILLATOR SUBJECTED TO A HARMONIC AND RANDOM EXCITATION

The renewable energy is in the focus of many researches in the last decades, and the use of piezoelectric material can be used to obtain one source of this renewable energy. In this case, energy harvesting explores mainly the source of ambient motion and the piezoelectric material convert mechanical energy, present in the ambient motion, into electrical energy. In the work, we present a nonlinear bistable piezomagnetoelastic structure subjected to harmonic and random base excitation. At first, harmonic excitation is of concern and then, the system subjected to random excitation is analyzed. The goal of the numerical analysis is to present an investigation of the best electrical output response of the system given harmonic and random excitations

A utilização dos macroinvertebrados aquáticos de riachos do município de Vilhena – RO na confecção de cartilhas de educação ambiental

Many teachers doesn’t have didatic materials that reflect the reality in which the student is inserted to work environmental issues, for example the importance of preserving water bodies and riparian vegetation. In this sense, the present work aimed to make handbooks for Environmental Education to be distributed in digital format in schools of Vilhena - RO. This material was manufactured with photos and information about aquatic macroinvertebrates, data on some physico-chemical parameters and the degree of human action surrounding the stream which is located near the IFRO, câmpus of Vilhena. As these freshwater organisms can reflect the degree of environmental preservation of the stream and its surroundings, this materials intended to assist teachers in environmental sensitization dynamic of the students in front of the issue of preservation of water bodies and riparian vegetation, since the guides were made of organisms collected in the city of Vilhena and students living a similar reality of those who will use it, it facilitates the formation of environmental awareness.Muitos professores carecem de material didático que refletem a realidade na qual o aluno está inserido para trabalhar temas ambientais, como por exemplo, a importância de se preservar corpos d’água e a mata ciliar. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou a construção de cartilhas de Educação Ambiental para serem distribuídas no formato digital nas escolas da cidade de Vilhena – RO. Esse material foi confeccionado com fotos e informações sobre os macroinvertebrados aquáticos, informações sobre algumas variáveis físico-químicas da água e o grau de ação antrópica do entorno do riacho o qual está localizado próximo ao IFRO (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia) campus de Vilhena. Como esses organismos de água doce conseguem refletir o grau de preservação ambiental do riacho e do seu entorno, este material visa auxiliar os professores em dinâmicas de sensibilização ambiental dos alunos ante a temática da preservação de corpos d’água e da mata ciliar, já que os guias foram confeccionados com material coletado na cidade de Vilhena e por estudantes que vivem uma realidade semelhante daqueles que a utilizarão, isso facilita a formação de uma consciência ambiental

Oxidative Stress and Vascular Diseases: Effect of Physical Exercise

Investigations have shown that worldwide the vascular diseases are considered independent risk factors for an increased mortality. Despite these diseases being related to factors such as sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and stress, the oxidative stress been the which most strongly explained the genesis of these vascular diseases. In this sense, the body of evidence involving an analysis and understanding of the factors and preventive variables of these diseases available in the literature is necessary. Considering this, we aimed to available information about the role of the oxidants and antioxidants enzymes in the prevention or causes of vascular diseases, and how the physical exercise can prevent the development of these vascular diseases. It was observed that endothelin-1 is an important oxidant involved in the atherosclerotic process, while the hydrogen sulfide and glutathione peroxidase have an antioxidant role. About the physical exercise, there is greater production of oxidants, however, as a mechanism of compensation, there is also greater production and release of antioxidants such as nitric oxide and glutathiones after some sessions when compared with the baseline. We conclude that the stress oxidative is involved in the vascular disease and the physical exercise could be used like prevention