Infection levels of proteocephalidean cestodes in Cichla piquiti (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae) of the Volta Grande Reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil, relative to host body weight and gender

We evaluated the relationship between infection by proteocephalid cestodes and the sex and weight classes of tucunaré (Cichla piquiti) captured between August 1999 and June 2001 in the Volta Grande Reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 96 fish, 75.9±9.3% males and 88.9±6.4% females, were parasitized by Proteocephalus macrophallus and P. microscopicus, with total mean intensities of 76.6±23.9 and 145.2±36.7, respectively, during this period. In the majority of the months analysed, males showed 71.4-100% prevalence of parasitism and females 80-100%. Although there was no significant difference, females showed a higher mean intensity of infection (145.2±36.7) than males (76.6±23.9). Fish weighing 300-800g showed a higher mean abundance of parasites (P<0.05) compared with the biggest specimens weighing 801-2750g. Analysing both males and females together, the greatest mean intensities of infection were found in October and December (P<0.05) independent of the year, which coincides with the months of highest rainfall. These results show that fish living in reservoirs may be more susceptible to intermediate hosts than those that live in river

Novas e tradicionais formas de empresariamento da educação no Brasil: a atuação da Confederação Nacional da Indústria no neoliberalismo

As alterações no bloco histórico neoliberal trouxeram implicações para as formas de dominação burguesa no Brasil, particularmente para a educação, a partir dos anos de 1970. A partir do aporte teórico e metodológico do materialismo histórico e dialético, de Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels, assim como as formulações teóricas de Antonio Gramsci, o presente artigo visa apresentar a analise acerca dos novos mecanismos de empresariamento da educação assimilados pela Confederação Nacional da Indústria e utilizados durante a construção das recentes políticas públicas que constituem o Novo Ensino Médio

O inquérito sobre o saci: no jornal e no livro, o trabalho de edição de Monteiro Lobato

O “Inquérito sobre o saci” foi uma pesquisa de opinião promovida por Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948) e publicada no jornal O Estado de São Paulo em sua edição vespertina, entre os dias 27 de janeiro e 06 de março de 1917. Ganhou maior repercussão no ano seguinte com a edição em livro, intitulado O Saci-Pererê: resultado de um inquérito (1918). O cotejo entre os textos do jornal e os do livro revela interferências textuais (Lajolo, 2014) de seu organizador. Esta pesquisa busca identificar e analisar a extensão destas interferências, observando o duplo trabalho desenvolvido por Lobato, o de escritor e o de editor. Utilizando pesquisas bibliográficas e investigação de fontes primárias, inicia-se pela recuperação dos textos que foram publicados no jornal, uma vez que os originais das cartas dos depoentes não puderam ser localizados. O ponto central do trabalho é a comparação entre os textos de ambos os suportes e sua análise, procurando estabelecer as características e a profundidade das interferências de Lobato ao efetuar esta dupla transferência. Sugere-se que as fronteiras entre o trabalho de edição e o de autoria se diluem, resultando desse processo uma narrativa coesa na qual é possível identificar a presença de um narrador a conduzir e gerenciar a leitura, ao mesmo tempo em que democraticamente abre espaço à participação de outras vozes, à pluralidade de perspectivas.“Inquiry about Saci” was an opinion survey promoted by Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948), published in the newspaper O Estado de São Paulo in its evening edition, between January 27th and March 6th, 1917. It gained greater impact in the following year, with the publication in book format, entitled O Saci-Perere: results of an inquiry (1918). The comparison between the newspaper texts and the book reveals textual interference (Lajolo, 2014) of its organizer. This research aims to identify and analyze the extent of such interference, noting the double work of Lobato, the writer and the editor. Using literature searches and investigation of primary sources, it begins with the recovery of the texts that have been published in newspapers, since the originals letters of witnesses could not be located. The focus of this work is the comparison between the texts of both support and its analysis, and seeking to establish the features and the depth of Lobato interference when making this double transfer. It is suggested that the boundaries between editing and authoring work are diluted, resulting of this process a cohesive narrative where one can identify the presence of a narrator to lead and manage the reading, while that democratically makes room for the participation of other voices, to the plurality of perspectives.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

Ler “vendo” vozes: a polifonia no discurso

Thinking about reading does necessarily imply thinking about the construction/ production of meaning through the reader/text interlocution; it equally presupposes considering that meaning is not constructed based solely on what is explicitly stated in the text, but also (and, many times, mainly) on what is suggested, what is implied in the text. By considering so, we are led to refl ect not only on reading as an object of learning in Elementary School but also (and even primarily) as a skill that should be constantly developed by all and any knowing subjects, more specifi cally, by those whose job is to teach reading, that is, the teachers themselves. Thus, the goal of this article is to present and exemplify, through the analysis of an excerpt from the PCN’s (Brazilian National Curriculum Guidelines) introductory document, the polyphonic concept of meaning proposed by the Theory of Argumentation in Language which has been developed by the French semanticists Oswald Ducrot and Marion Carel. We believe that polyphony can signifi cantly contribute to qualify reading in any schooling stage or continuing education program.Keywords: teacher’s reading, linguistic polyphony, meaning of discourse, Brazilian National Curriculum Guidelines.Pensar a leitura implica necessariamente pensar a construção/produção do sentido via interlocução leitor/texto; pressupõe, de igual forma, pensar que o sentido não se constrói somente a partir do que está explicitamente dito no texto, mas também (e, muitas vezes, principalmente) pelo que está pressuposto, pelo que está sugerido implicitamente no texto. E pensar assim nos faz refletir não apenas sobre a leitura como objeto de aprendizagem na Educação Básica, mas também (e até prioritariamente) como habilidade a ser constantemente desenvolvida por todo e qualquer sujeito conhecedor, mais especificamente, por aquele que tem por profissão ensinar a ler: o professor. Dito isso, a proposta deste artigo é apresentar e exemplificar, por meio da análise de um fragmento do documento introdutório dos PCN, a concepção polifônica do sentido expressa pela Teoria da Argumentação na Língua, que vem sendo desenvolvida pelos semanticistas franceses Oswald Ducrot e Marion Carel. Acreditamos que a polifonia pode contribuir substancialmente para qualificar a leitura em qualquer nível de instrução ou de formação continuada.Palavras-chave: leitura do professor, polifonia linguística, sentido do discurso, Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais

Decadal analysis of hydrography and in situ nutrient budgets in the western and eastern North Atlantic subtropical gyre

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): C07025, doi:10.1029/2006JC003788.The current debate about the mechanisms and magnitude of new nutrient input to the euphotic zone in subtropical gyres calls for studies which consider large and mesoscale perspectives by combining in situ time series and remote observations. We carried out a first of its kind comparative analysis of hydrography and sea level anomaly (SLA) at the oligotrophic time series stations BATS (Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Study) and ESTOC (European Station for Time Series, Canary Islands) using concomitant 10-yr in situ and satellite altimetry data. The stations are located at about the same latitude in the western and eastern boundaries of the subtropical North Atlantic gyre, respectively, and provide the opportunity to study differences that may exist between both regions. Observed SLA was 0.25 m at BATS, compared with 0.12 m at ESTOC, a consequence of the higher eddy kinetic energy in the western compared with the eastern subtropical gyre. We quantified a detailed in situ nutrient budget for both time series stations; ESTOC received about 75% of the nutrients available for new production at BATS (in average 0.28 mol N m−2 yr−1 compared with 0.38 mol N m−2 yr−1, respectively), but the difference was not significant. However, significant differences in input mechanisms existed between both stations; eddy pumping constituted the main new nutrient source BATS, whereas wintertime convection was the main nutrient supply mechanism at ESTOC. In addition, the nutricline was significantly shallower at ESTOC compared with BATS, partly compensating for shallower mixed-layer depths and SLA variability at the western station. We found considerable interannual variability in both eddy pumping and wintertime convection which may be related to NAO-induced changes in the pattern of the subtropical gyre.This work was supported by a NASA-EOS grant to Susanne Neuer

Automatic contraction detection using uterine electromyography

UIDB/00066/2020 UID/MAT/04561/2019 PD/BDE/150312/2019Electrohysterography (EHG) is a promising technique for pregnancy monitoring and preterm risk evaluation. It allows for uterine contraction monitoring as early as the 20th gestational week, and it is a non-invasive technique based on recording the electric signal of the uterine muscle activity from electrodes located in the abdominal surface. In this work, EHG-based contraction detection methodologies are applied using signal envelope features. Automatic contraction detection is an important step for the development of unsupervised pregnancy monitoring systems based on EHG. The exploratory methodologies include wavelet energy, Teager energy, root mean square (RMS), squared RMS, and Hilbert envelope. In this work, two main features were evaluated: contraction detection and its related delineation accuracy. The squared RMS produced the best contraction (97.15 ± 4.66%) and delineation (89.43 ± 8.10%) accuracy and the lowest false positive rate (0.63%). Despite the wavelet energy method having a contraction accuracy (92.28%) below the first-rated method, its standard deviation was the second best (6.66%). The average false positive rate ranged between 0.63% and 4.74%—a remarkably low value.publishersversionpublishe

Significance of cyclonic SubTropical Oceanic Rings of Magnitude (STORM) eddies for the carbon budget of the euphotic layer in the subtropical northeast Atlantic

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2003. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 108, C12 (2003): 3383, doi:10.1029/2003JC001884.The interannual and seasonal variability of cyclonic eddies budded from the Azores Current during the period 1993–1999 in the northeast subtropical Atlantic region (20°N–34°N; 19°W–35°W) was studied by using TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1/2 altimeter images, the operational ocean mesoscale forecasting system SOPRANE, and a mesoscale eddies automatic detection system. Seventeen cyclonic eddies were detected and monitored for time periods ranging from 50 to 360 days. They were characterized by mean westward velocity, amplitude, diameter, and eccentricity of about 2 km d−1, 8 cm, 187 km and 0.7, respectively. The generation of cyclonic eddies was subjected to an important interannual variability, especially in 1995 when the activity of cyclonic eddies in the northeast Atlantic was more intense and associated with parallel changes in the eddy energy of the Azores Current. Seventy-five percent of the mesoscale features were generated throughout the October–February period. Significant relationships were found between the seasonal NAO index and both the annual eddy kinetic and potential energy in the Azores Current region and also the total annual area occupied by STORM eddies, calculated with a 1-year phase lag. The outcome of this study was used to estimate the contribution of STORM eddies to the organic carbon deficit measured in the northeast subtropical Atlantic. On average, these eddies accounted for <1% of the net community production in the region.This work has been done by CLS under contract (98.87.064.00.470.29.25) with SHOM/ CMO. This study was funded by the European Commission under the CANIGO contract MAS3CT960060 and CICYT. B. Mouriño was supported by a FPU fellowship from the Ministerio de Educacio´n y Cultura (Spain)

PreMedia1. Creación dunha contorna virtual para a interpretación patrimonial de sitios con pintura rupestre esquemática da comarca de Monterrei

Introdución: O obxectivo xeral do proxecto PreMedia1 está relacionado con varias manifestacións rupestres de arte prehistórica, concretamente dentro da tradición da denominada arte esquemática, que comeza coas primeiras comunidades agrícolas e gandeiras, e aparece con manifestacións tanto gravadas como pintadas en amplas zonas de Europa e na península ibérica. O concepto «pintura rupestre esquemática» (PRE) foi defnido dende as orixes da investigación, na obra referencial de H. Breuil Lles peintures rupestres schématiques da Péninsule Ibérique e foi posteriormente sistematizado por P. Acosta [2]. Esta tradición rupestre caracterízase pola representación de motivos xeométricos, xeralmente obtidos a partir de liñas con ángulos rectos, manchas de puntos e aliñacións de barras verticais, acompañados pola fgura humana reducida aos seus trazos máis elementais, e ocasionais representacións de cuadrúpedes, fguras solares etc. En xeral, defínese pola simplifcación formal, polo uso de trazos lineais, xeralmente monocromos e en tinta plana, aplicados directamente coa xema do dedo (dixitación) ou con trazos máis fnos. A cor máis empregada é a vermella, obtida de pigmentos de uso mineral (óxidos de ferro) e aglutinados con auga ou algunha materia graxa

Importance of N2 fixation vs. nitrate diffusion along a latitudinal transect in the Atlantic Ocean

We present ocean, basin-scale simultaneous measurements of N2-fixation, nitrate diffusion, and primary production along a south–north transect in the Atlantic Ocean crossing three biogeographic provinces: the south subtropical Atlantic (SSA; , 31uS–12uS), the equatorial Atlantic (EA; , 12uS–16uN), and the north subtropical Atlantic (NSA, , 16uN–9uN) in April–May 2008. N2-fixation and primary production were measured as 15N2 and 14C uptake, respectively. Dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy (e) were measured with a microstructure profiler. The vertical input of nitrate through eddy diffusion was calculated from the product of diffusivity, derived from e, and the gradient of nanomolar nitrate concentration across the base of the euphotic zone. The mean N2-fixation rate in EA was 56 6 49 mmol N m22 d21, whereas SSA and NSA had much lower values (, 10 mmol N m22 d21). Because of the large spatial variability in nitrate diffusion (34 6 50, 405 6 888, and 844 6 1258 mmol N m22 d21 in SSA, EA, and NSA, respectively), the contribution of N2-fixation to new production in the SSA, EA, and NSA was 44% 6 30%, 22% 6 19%, and 2% 6 2%, respectively. The differences between SSA and NSA in the contribution of N2 fixation were partly due to the contrasting seasonal forcing in each hemisphere, which likely affected both N2 fixation rates and vertical nitrate diffusion. The variability in the nitrogen budget of the Atlantic subtropical gyres was unexpectedly high and largely uncoupled from relatively constant phytoplankton standing stocks and primary production rates.CTM2004-05174-C02 CTM2007-28295-E/MAR Programa I. Parga-Ponda