Entre travesseiros e sinapses: O impacto do sono na arquitetura da memória

Sleep is a fundamental human need, as essential to health as eating, drinking, and breathing. Contrary to the historical conception that sleep constitutes a passive condition of brain inactivity, it is understood to be a dynamic process regulated by active modulating pathways. During the sleep period, the brain exhibits various patterns of activity, including slow-wave sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These patterns are closely linked to a range of physiological mechanisms in the body, spanning from hormonal and immune regulation to information processing and memory consolidation. The scientific community has shown interest in sleep and its related aspects. Thus, this research aims to explore and understand the interaction of sleep with memory, seeking to identify the involved systems and their implications for cognitive functioning. The adopted methodology consists of an exploratory and qualitative research approach using literature reviews. Information retrieval was conducted on reliable academic and scientific platforms, using specific descriptors to guide the careful selection of studies. The research results indicate that ensuring appropriate sleep quality, both in terms of adequate duration and timing, is crucial for preserving mental and physical health, quality of life, and safety. Moreover, it plays a supportive role in memory consolidation.Dormir é uma necessidade humana fundamental, tão essencial para a saúde quanto comer, beber e respirar. Contrariamente à concepção histórica de que o sono constitui uma condição passiva de inatividade cerebral, compreende-se que é um processo dinâmico e regulado por vias moduladoras ativas. Durante o momento do sono, o cérebro exibe diversos padrões de atividade, incluindo o sono de ondas lentas e o sono paradoxal. Esses padrões estão intimamente ligados a uma série de mecanismos fisiológicos do organismo, abrangendo desde a regulação hormonal e imunológica até o processamento de informações e a consolidação da memória. A comunidade científica tem manifestado interesse a respeito do sono e aos seus aspectos correlatos. Assim, esta pesquisa busca explorar e compreender a interação do sono com a memória, visando identificar os sistemas envolvidos e suas implicações no funcionamento cognitivo. A metodologia adotada consiste em uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória e qualitativa utilizando revisões de literatura. A busca por informações foi realizada em plataformas acadêmicas e científicas confiáveis, utilizando descritores específicos para orientar a seleção criteriosa de estudos. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que garantir uma qualidade de sono apropriada, tanto em termos de duração adequada quanto nos momentos apropriados, é essencial para preservar a saúde mental, física, qualidade de vida e segurança, além de desempenhar uma função auxiliar na consolidação da memória

Principais Distúrbios e Infecções Sexuais que Afetam Homens e Mulheres

The article addresses the main sexual disorders and infections affecting both men and women, exploring the evolution of human sexuality throughout history and highlighting contemporary challenges. Despite advances in understanding and accepting sexual diversity, taboos persist surrounding issues such as erectile dysfunction, lack of sexual desire, premature ejaculation, and pain during sex. Sexual education and access to adequate healthcare are crucial to addressing these issues and challenging social stigmas. Additionally, the article examines the issue of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which represent a global public health challenge. From ancient times to the present day, diseases like syphilis, gonorrhea, and HIV/AIDS have impacted communities worldwide. Despite progress in understanding and treating STIs, they continue to pose a significant problem, especially in regions with limited healthcare access. The article also explores the main types of STIs, including chlamydia, HIV/AIDS, HPV, gonorrhea, genital herpes, syphilis, trichomoniasis, hepatitis, and molluscum contagiosum, as well as addressing sexual disorders/dysfunctions such as hypoactive sexual desire disorder, sexual aversion disorder, orgasmic headache, and persistent genital arousal disorder. Finally, it highlights the importance of awareness about sexual disorders and infections, recognizing their impact on quality of life and relationships. Prevention and proper treatment are essential to protecting sexual health and overall well-being, emphasizing the importance of seeking professional assistance in the face of any unprotected sexual activity.O artigo aborda os principais distúrbios e infecções sexuais que afetam homens e mulheres, explorando a evolução da sexualidade humana ao longo da história e destacando desafios contemporâneos. Apesar dos avanços na compreensão e aceitação da diversidade sexual, tabus persistem em torno de questões como disfunção erétil, falta de desejo sexual, ejaculação precoce e dor durante o sexo. A educação sexual e o acesso a cuidados de saúde adequados são fundamentais para abordar essas questões e desafiar estigmas sociais. Além disso, o artigo examina a questão das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs), que representam um desafio de saúde pública global. Desde tempos antigos até os dias atuais, doenças como sífilis, gonorreia e HIV/AIDS têm impactado comunidades em todo o mundo. Apesar dos progressos na compreensão e tratamento das ISTs, elas continuam a representar um problema significativo, especialmente em regiões com acesso limitado à saúde. O artigo também explora os principais tipos de ISTs, como clamídia, HIV/AIDS, HPV, gonorréia, herpes genital, sífilis, tricomoníase, hepatite e molusco contagioso, além de abordar transtornos/disfunções sexuais como transtorno do desejo sexual hipoativo, transtorno de aversão sexual, cefaléia orgástica e transtorno de excitação genital persistente. Por fim, destaca a importância da conscientização sobre distúrbios e infecções sexuais, reconhecendo seu impacto na qualidade de vida e nos relacionamentos. A prevenção e o tratamento adequado são fundamentais para proteger a saúde sexual e o bem-estar geral, enfatizando a importância da busca por assistência profissional diante de qualquer relação sexual desprotegida

A ERA DOS DISPOSITIVOS DIGITAIS NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE: CONECTANDO O CUIDADO

Na era atual da saúde digital, testemunhamos avanços revolucionários que estão remodelando profundamente o cenário dos cuidados em saúde. Consultas e exames realizados à distância estão emergindo como uma poderosa ponte entre profissionais e pacientes, superando as barreiras físicas e proporcionando um acesso mais amplo e conveniente aos serviços. Essa abordagem não apenas aumenta a acessibilidade aos cuidados, mas também oferece maior comodidade e flexibilidade para os pacientes, especialmente em áreas remotas ou carentes de recursos. Este artigo destaca a revolução na área da saúde impulsionada pela integração da tecnologia e da medicina. Inicia-se com uma reflexão sobre o progresso histórico da saúde, destacando os avanços e desafios enfrentados atualmente. Em seguida, explora-se o papel dos dispositivos digitais, como aplicativos móveis, wearables e dispositivos de monitoramento, na promoção da saúde e no cuidado personalizado aos pacientes. A seção sobre dispositivos digitais na medicina destaca como essas tecnologias estão transformando o manejo de condições crônicas, como diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares, fornecendo monitoramento contínuo e dados objetivos para orientar intervenções clínicas mais assertivas. Além disso, o texto aborda o impacto da Inteligência Artificial (IA) na medicina diagnóstica, destacando sua capacidade de interpretar imagens médicas e personalizar diagnósticos e tratamentos com base em dados genômicos e clínicos. A importância do monitoramento contínuo da saúde é enfatizada, destacando seus benefícios tanto para pacientes quanto para profissionais de saúde, na detecção precoce de sinais de alerta, gerenciamento de condições crônicas e promoção de hábitos saudáveis. Por fim, a telemedicina também é discutida como uma prática que tem ganhado destaque, oferecendo acessibilidade e conveniência às consultas médicas remotas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

As adolescências periféricas: uma pesquisa-ação integral/transpessoal

International audienc

As adolescências periféricas: uma pesquisa-ação integral/transpessoal

International audienc

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)