Main features of the hydrogeological succession in the eastern part of the russian platform and underground disposal of liquid waste (As in the case of Tatarstan republic)

© 2018, International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference. All rights reserved. One of the methods to utilize highly toxic liquid wastes is injecting them into deep aquifers. The sedimentary sheath of the Russian platform within Tatarstan Republic has a prevailing thickness of 1500-2000 m. Two absorbing complexes: Visean-Bashkirian (C1v-C2b) and Middle-Upper Devonian (D2-3) layers, lying at depths of more than 1000 m, are the best for underground disposal of liquid wastes. In recent years, some major petrochemical companies in Tatarstan Republic have organized landfills for underground disposal of waste water. Both of them have two absorbing (their depth is 1800-1900 m) and five observation wells. One observation well is equipped in the buffer formation (Carbonic complex, depth 1200-1300 m), while other wells drill into aquifers of fresh groundwater in the upper 250 m of the section. The experience of waste water pumping and the arrangement of landfills are in considerable interest

Variations and conditions of the composition natural waters in the central european russia (On example of the Tatarstan republic)

© SGEM2017 All Rights Reserved. The upper part of the Tatarstan Republic section is complexed by sedimentary of multi facies complexes of Middle Upper Permian, Mesozoic and Pliocene-Quaternary rocks. The surface and ground water are characterized by a wide variability in composition, mineralization, water hardness and other parameters. These variations are determined by a complex of natural and technogenic factors. The most important natural factor is interaction of the atmospheric precipitation and their derivates with soils and rocks of the section. For assessment of this interaction, were analyzed water extracts and filtrates on the basis of distilled, snow melt and spring waters from the main types of soils and rocks. Additional determined the gradients of concentration changes by main parameters and components of the groundwater composition during their downward filtration in different regions of Tatarstan. The studies allows for predict hydrogeochemical conditions of active water exchange zone of cross section. First of all, this is necessary for the best location of water wells and efficient use of ground water

Налоговое бремя и эластичность

The authors examine the dependence of the tax burden of economic agents on the elasticity of supply and demand. The role of the mathematical model of the coefficient of elasticity in the study of economic processe

Налоговое бремя и эластичность

The authors examine the dependence of the tax burden of economic agents on the elasticity of supply and demand. The role of the mathematical model of the coefficient of elasticity in the study of economic processe

Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Response to First-Line Therapy in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Aim. To assess the prognostic value of clinical and hematological parameters used by hematologists for risk stratification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and to justify the need for discovering new prognostic factors. Methods. The trial included 101 patients (48 men and 53 women) with newly diagnosed DLBCL at the age of 18–80 years (median age 58 years). The patients received R-CHOP as first-line therapy. Depending on their response all patients were stratified into 4 groups: with complete response (CR; n = 58), partial response (PR; n = 15), resistance to first-line therapy (n = 19), and early relapses (ER; n = 9). Median follow-up was 22 months (range 2–120 months). Results. In terms of age influence on the efficacy of R-СНОР as first-line therapy no significant differences were established in regard to response in patients younger and older than 65 years. Statistically significant differences were observed while analyzing two parameters of International Prognostic Index (IPI; disease stage and extranodal lesions) and B-symptoms in the CR and therapy-resistant groups. With respect to the same parameters no significant differences were found in the CR and ER groups. Median 2-year disease-free survival was not achieved in patients with CR. In patients with PR it was 12 months. Median 2-year overall survival in patients with CR, PR, and ER was not achieved, and in patients with therapy-resistant DLBCL it was 10 months. Conclusion. Results of the trial confirm prognostic value of factors applied for risk stratification in DLBCL. However, variability of clinical course of the disease, especially with a low IPI score, suggests the need for new prognostic parameters associated with the course of DLBCL

МОДИФИКАЦИИ ГЕНОВ ИММУННОГО ОТВЕТА ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ТИПАХ ТЕЧЕНИЯ ХРОНИЧЕСКОГО ЛИМФОЛЕЙКОЗА

Genetic factors not only contribute to the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but also can affect the nature of the pathological process. The study included 30 patients with CLL with indolent and progressive course of the disease. The patients were tested on prevalence of genetic polymorphisms in the genes of the innate immune response. Nineteen polymorphic loci in 14 genes were tested. It was found that with indolent course of CLL, mutant alleles of genes of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (G-308A), Toll-like receptor (tolllike receptor - TLR) TLR9 (T-1237C) and TLR2 (Arg753Gln) (OR: 4.70, p = 0.05 and OR: 8.33, p = 0.03 and OR: 5.50, p = 0.05, respectively) statistically, were encountered much more frequently . In contrast, combination of normal homozygotes of these genes greatly increased the risk of progressive form of the disease. Presence of TNF gene polymorphism in the polymorphic locus -308, TLR2-753, TLR9-1237 can be associated with the nature of the clinical course of CLL to encourage use these markers as early additional diagnostic and prognostic criteria for unfavorable form of leukemic process in order to optimize chemotherapy.Генетические факторы не только вносят вклад в развитие хронического лимфолейкоза (ХЛЛ), но и могут оказывать влияние на характер течения патологического процесса. Обследовали 30 больных ХЛЛ с доброкачественным и прогрессирующим течением заболевания. У пациентов определяли распространенность генетических полиморфизмов в генах врожденного иммунного ответа. Протестировано 19 полиморфных локусов в 14 генах. Об наружено, что при доброкачественном течении ХЛЛ статистически значимо чаще встречались мутантные аллели генов фактора некроза опухоли (TNF) (G-308A), толлподобного рецептора (toll-like receptor - TLR) TLR9 (T-1237C) и TLR2 (Arg753Gln) (OR: 4,70, p = 0,05 и OR: 8,33, р = 0,03 и OR: 5,50, р = 0,05 соответственно). Напротив, сочетание нормальных гомозигот данных генов многократно увеличивало риск развития прогрессирующей формы заболевания. Можно связать наличие полиморфизма генов TNF в полиморфном локусе -308, TLR2-753, TLR9-1237 с характером клинического течения ХЛЛ и рекомендовать использовать данные маркеры в качестве ранних дополнительных диагностических и прогностических критериев неблагоприятной формы лейкозного процесса с целью оптимизации химиотерапии

Inter-annual stability of oligopeptide patterns of Planktothrix rubescens blooms and mass mortality of Daphnia in Lake Hallwilersee

During mass developments of Planktothrix rubescens, the biomass of this cyanobacterium was collected over a period of four consecutive years (2002–2005) from Lake Hallwilersee, Switzerland. To avoid any shifts in analytical separation and sensitivity, the biomasses were extracted with 60% aqueous methanol at the end of the investigation period and were analysed within 1 week by LC-ESMS. A new mass spectrometric method to quantify oligopeptides was introduced. The sum of all major molecular species (quasi-molecular ion, double charged ion, adducts, dimers and molecular ions that had lost a water molecule) rather than just the signal of the quasi-molecular ion was used to determine the total abundance of oligopeptides. This procedure has become necessary because the variable presence of inorganic ions and the varying conditions of the mass spectrometric source strongly affect the formation of the different molecular species. Several anabaenopeptins, oscillapeptins and planktocyclins were found. [Asp3, Dhb7]microcystin-RR was the major microcystin. The oligopeptide patterns were relatively stable over the investigation period of 4 years. In June 2005, a mass mortality of Daphnia was observed. The dead Daphnia, which floated on the surface of the lake, were collected and analysed for oligopeptides. Planktocyclin and planktocyclin sulfoxide, which belong to the major cyclic peptides in P. rubescens, were found in the carcasses of Daphnia, but microcystins were missing. Live zooplankton of the epilimnion was represented by both Daphnia and copepods, while the patches of dead zooplankter on the lake surface were free of copepods and contained only Daphnia. Protease inhibitors rather than microcystins are discussed as the major bioactive compounds for grazer defence of P. rubescens

Growth equations: A general equation and a survey of special cases

Although growth in its various manifestations has been studied for centuries and although there are a large number of well-established growth "laws," that work is almost entirely empirical and lacks a theoretical foundation with which macroscopic aspects of growth might be related to underlying, microscopic determinants. Recent work on the analysis of complex systems, however, has provided just such a foundation. It has been shown that an important class of complex systems can be accurately described by a formalism involving simple nonlinear approximations. This formalism leads naturally to a general growth equation in differential form for complex systems. The survey of well-established growth equations presented here demonstrates that each of these is a special case of the general growth equation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23278/1/0000215.pd

The Biomass of Macrophytes at Several Sites of the Upper Reaches of the Yenisei River

The composition and biomass of aquatic plants have been investigated near several settlements at the upper reaches of the Yenisei River: from Krasnoyarsk city to the Angara River mouth. Submerged aquatic plants mainly represented the aquatic flora. The phytomass consisted mostly of plants from the deep-water zone of the river. The mean biomass of plants in the deep-water zone was 410 g/m2, the impact of Potamogeton species in the deep-water biomass was 64-100 %. P.lucens dominated at the majority of deep-water sites (53-98 % in terms of dry biomass