A review of bioanalytical techniques for evaluation of cannabis (Marijuana, weed, Hashish) in human hair

Cannabis products (marijuana, weed, hashish) are among the most widely abused psychoactive drugs in the world, due to their euphorigenic and anxiolytic properties. Recently, hair analysis is of great interest in analytical, clinical, and forensic sciences due to its non-invasiveness, negligible risk of infection and tampering, facile storage, and a wider window of detection. Hair analysis is now widely accepted as evidence in courts around the world. Hair analysis is very feasible to complement saliva, blood tests, and urinalysis. In this review, we have focused on state of the art in hair analysis of cannabis with particular attention to hair sample preparation for cannabis analysis involving pulverization, extraction and screening techniques followed by confirmatory tests (e.g., GC–MS and LC–MS/MS). We have reviewed the literature for the past 10 years’ period with special emphasis on cannabis quantification using mass spectrometry. The pros and cons of all the published methods have also been discussed along with the prospective future of cannabis analysis

Enantiomeric separation of tapentadol by capillary electrophoresis-Study of chiral selectivity manipulation by various types of cyclodextrins

The chiral recognition of the centrally acting analgesic agent tapentadol and its isomers with various cyclodextrins (CDs) was studied by capillary electrophoresis, focusing on the migration order of four stereoisomers. In the case of non-charged hydroxypropylated CDs (2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD, 2-hydroxypropyl-γ-CD) the beta derivative was able to discriminate the S,R- and R,S-isomers in acidic background electrolyte, whereas the gamma allowed the separation of S,S- and R,R-tapentadol, respectively. Dual CD system containing both hosts was used to separate all of four isomers. Negatively charged sulfated-α-CD at 1.0% (w/v) concentration in 100. mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9.5) was capable of separating the isomers with favorable enantiomer migration order and the optimized method was able to determine 0.15% of chiral impurities of tapentadol in the presence of the last migrating clinically important R,R-isomer

Enantiomeric separation of tapentadol by capillary electrophoresis-Study of chiral selectivity manipulation by various types of cyclodextrins

The chiral recognition of the centrally acting analgesic agent tapentadol and its isomers with various cyclodextrins (CDs) was studied by capillary electrophoresis, focusing on the migration order of four stereoisomers. In the case of non-charged hydroxypropylated CDs (2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD, 2-hydroxypropyl-γ-CD) the beta derivative was able to discriminate the S,R- and R,S-isomers in acidic background electrolyte, whereas the gamma allowed the separation of S,S- and R,R-tapentadol, respectively. Dual CD system containing both hosts was used to separate all of four isomers. Negatively charged sulfated-α-CD at 1.0% (w/v) concentration in 100. mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9.5) was capable of separating the isomers with favorable enantiomer migration order and the optimized method was able to determine 0.15% of chiral impurities of tapentadol in the presence of the last migrating clinically important R,R-isomer