Mathematical Methods for the Analysis of Hierarchical Systems. II. Numerical Methods for Solving Game-Theoretic, Equilibrium and Pareto Optimization Problems

This is the second of two papers dealing with mathematical methods that can be used to analyze hierarchical systems. In this paper, the authors consider the case in which the lower level of a hierarchical system of decision makers is composed of a number of controllable subsystems. If these subsystems are not bounded by common constraints then the analysis is reduced to that of a two-level system consisting of a regulatory center and one lower subsystem. Two types of control are discussed in this case: control of resource use and control through price setting. If, however, there are shared resource-type constraints then it is assumed that the subsystems choose cooperatively from the set of Pareto-optimal alternatives. The problem for the regulatory center is then to maximize its goal function over this set. A number of ways of solving this problem are proposed, and a computational algorithm is given

THE CALCULATION DEFINITION OF STRESSES INTENCITY COEFFICIENT IN THREADED PARTS WITH RESIDUAL STRESSES

The dependence of the stresses intensity coefficient on a crack size in non-hardened and hardened bolts M6 made of a titanium alloy ВТ 16 is studied

THE PECULIARITIES ОF RESIDUAL STRESSES DISTRIBUTION IN PARTS WITH A SLIGHT STRESS CONCENTRATION

The influence of a low stress concentration on the residual stresses distribution in the dangerous section of a part has been examined. The results of the study have been got for corset specimens

The COMPASS Experiment at CERN

The COMPASS experiment makes use of the CERN SPS high-intensitymuon and hadron beams for the investigation of the nucleon spin structure and the spectroscopy of hadrons. One or more outgoing particles are detected in coincidence with the incoming muon or hadron. A large polarized target inside a superconducting solenoid is used for the measurements with the muon beam. Outgoing particles are detected by a two-stage, large angle and large momentum range spectrometer. The setup is built using several types of tracking detectors, according to the expected incident rate, required space resolution and the solid angle to be covered. Particle identification is achieved using a RICH counter and both hadron and electromagnetic calorimeters. The setup has been successfully operated from 2002 onwards using a muon beam. Data with a hadron beam were also collected in 2004. This article describes the main features and performances of the spectrometer in 2004; a short summary of the 2006 upgrade is also given.Comment: 84 papes, 74 figure

Dynamics of dental check-ups among the population

The aim of the article: to assess the dynamics of the population coverage of preventive inspections dentists. Material and methods: analytical, statistical, and direct observation. Results. Increase in the number of patients receiving artificial limbs, for example, in the North Caucasus Federal District (+21.8% from 2008 to 2009) And Far East (-30.1 % over the same period). Given that in the North Caucasus Federal District smallest number of patients received pros-theses, such a growth indicator may be due to the volume of supply in the region, taking into account the needs of the population. The sharp decline in the availability of prosthetic patients Far East against the background of dissonance between sanitized and in need of rehabilitation patients with sufficient personnel potential evidence of regional problems in dental care. Even more interesting is the distribution of the proportion of patients who received free dentures. In the North Caucasus Federal District, along with an increase in the total number of patients who received artificial limbs, sharply reduced the proportion of patients who received them free of charge (-64.9% from 2008 to 2009). In a number of countries have not produced any free prosthetics. Conclusion. Reduced the number of patients who received pros-theses, especially for free. The most unfavorable situation is observed in the North Caucasus Federal District (-64.9%), mainly due to the Chechen Republic and the Republic of Dagestan, where the figure is zero. The current situation in the field of dental care, requires a differentiated approach and to adequately address problems from a regional perspective

The analysis of security with dentists in contemporary Russia

Aim: to carry out the analysis of security with dentists in the country in new conditions of reforming. Materials and methods. In work the complex of methods of collecting and the analysis of materials of research is used: bibliographic, analytical, documentary (fragment of data from medical documentation), epidemiological, mathematical and statistical, current supervision. Results. The used integrated approach to tasks allowed to assess a situation on security with the orthopedic stomatologic help and its demand in a section of subjects of the country. The carried-out analysis showed that in general across Russia and in a number of its districts, coverage by routine inspections of the population has the resistant tendency to decrease which is especially expressed in the Volga Federal District (-15,8%). It led to reduction of number of the patients needing sanitation and received sanitation (it is maximum — in Ural federal district (-16,9%). According to official statistics the smallest number of the patients who received the orthopedic stomatologic help — inhabitants of North Caucasus federal district, maximum — Central Federal District. Conclusion. Thus, the analysis of a condition of stomatologic help in the country from 2006 to 2012 let us establish the highest attendance of experts in Volga (108,2% in 2006, 101,3% in 2012) and Central (100,3%-2006, 102,1 %-2012) federal districts, growth of attendance in North Caucasian (for 66,2%) and Far East (for 22%) federal districts. Coverage by routine inspections of the population by stomatologists had the resistant tendency to decrease which is especially expressed in the Volga Federal District (-15%). Decrease in possibility of identification of the patients needing in sanitation and number of the patients who received it was most expressed in Ural federal district: — 16,9%.</p