In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from sheep with caseous lymphadenitis

Koyun ve keçilerde Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis tarafından oluşturulan kazeöz lenfadenitis (KLA), tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülmekte ve önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, KLA’li koyunlardan izole edilen C. pseudotuberculosis suşlarının çeşitli antibiyotiklere in vitro duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmada KLA lezyonları gösteren toplam 67 adet koyunun akciğerlerinden izole edilen 16 adet C. pseudotuberculosis suşu test edildi. Disk difüzyon yöntemiyle yapılan değerlendirmede; tetrasiklin, oksitetrasiklin, streptomisin, enrofloksasin, kloksasilin, ampisilin/sulbaktam, amoksisilin/klavulanik asit, penisilin/novobiosin, trimetoprim/sulfametaksazol ve neomisin/basitrasin/tetrasiklin diskleri kullanıldı. Suşların 14 (%87.5) adeti enrofloksasine, 13 (%81.2) adeti neomisin/basitrasin/tetrasikline, 12 (%75.0) adeti penisilin/novobiosine, 11 (%68.7) adeti oksitetrasikline, 11 (%68.7) adeti amoksisilin/klavulanik asite, 10 (%62.5) adeti kloksasiline, 9 (%56.2) adeti tetrasikline, 5 (%31.2) adeti ampisilin/sulbaktama ve 3 (%18.7) adeti ise trimetoprim/sulfametaksazole duyarlı bulundu. İzolatlardan hiçbiri streptomisine duyarlı bulunmadı.Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, is a highly prevalent disease of sheep and goats resulting in significant economic losses in the world. In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of C. pseudotuberculosis strains isolated from sheep with CLA to various antibiotics. A total of 16 C. pseudotuberculosis strains isolated from lung samples of 67 sheep with CLA lesions were tested. Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, enrofloxacin, cloxacillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, penicillin/novobiocin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and neomycin/bacitracin/tetracycline discs were tested by disc diffusion method. A total of 14 (87.5%) C. pseudotuberculosis strains were susceptible to enrofloxacin, 13 (81.2%) strains to neomycin/bacitracin/tetracycline, 12 (75.0%) strains to penicillin/novobiocin, 11 (68.7%) strains to oxytetracycline, 11 (68.7%) strains to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 10 (62.5%) strains to cloxacillin, 9 (56.2%) strains to tetracycline, 5 (31.2%) strains to ampicillin/sulbactam and 3 (18.7%) strains to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. None of the isolates were susceptible to streptomycin

Detection of seasonal asymptomatic dermatophytes in Van cats

AbstractThe Van cat is a domestic landrace found in the Van province of eastern Turkey. In this study, we aimed to determine the seasonal carriage of dermatophytes in Van cats without clinical lesions. A total of 264 hair specimens were collected from clinically healthy cats in and around the Van Province. Of these samples, 30.3% were obtained in spring, 30.6% in summer, 16.6% in autumn, and 22.3% in winter; 45.1% of samples were from male cats and the rest from female ones. Of the studied cats, 118 were younger than 1 year, 78 were 1–3 years old, and 68 were older than 3 years. The specimens were subjected to direct microscopic examination with 15% potassium hydroxide and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and dermatophyte test medium supplemented with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol. Dermatophyte identification was carried out based on macroscopic and microscopic colony morphology, urease activities, in vitro hair perforation test, growth at 37°C, and pigmentation on corn meal agar. Dermatophytes were isolated from 19 (7.1%) of the 264 specimens examined. The most frequently isolated fungi were Trichophyton terrestre (4.1%), followed by Microsporum gypseum (1.1%), M. nanum (1.1%), and T. mentagrophytes (0.7%), and these fungi may represent a health risk for humans in contact with clinically healthy Van cats. M. canis was not isolated from any of the specimens. Our results show no significant (p>0.05) association between carriage of dermatophytes and the gender of cats. The carriage rate of dermatophytes was high in spring and winter, and the only possible risk factor for infection was age of the animal

Apsces u mozgu belog west highland terijera izazvan bakterijom Trueperella pyogenes

Cerebral abscesses are occasionally seen in animals, however are rare in dogs. Among the pyogenic bacteria causing cerebral abscesses Trueperella pyogenes is relatively scarce. In this report, a case of T. pyogenes induced cerebral abscess in a West Highland White Terrier was presented with histopathological and bacteriological findings. Two foci of cerebral abscesses located at the level of the thalamus, and the frontal and temporal lobes were described on necropsy. Severe suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis were noted on microscopic view. T. pyogenes was isolated and identified in bacteriological investigation. This report states that T. pyogenes can be a causative agent of cerebral abscesses in dogs.Cerebralni apscesi se povremeno nalaze kod životinja, međutim retko se sreću kod pasa. Pored ostalih piogenih bakterija koje izazivaju cerebralne apscese, relativno retko se nalazi Trueperella pyogenes vrsta. U radu je prikazan slučaj cerebranog apscesa kod belog West Highland terijera, izazvan sa Trueperella pyogenes, zajedno sa histopatološkim i bakteriološkim nalazima. Prilikom obdukcije, opisana su dva fokusa cerebralnih apscesa, locirana na nivou talamusa uz opis frontalnih i tempralnih lobusa. Prilikom mikroskopskog pregleda, uočeni su težak gnojni meningoencefalitis i ventrikulitis. Bakteriološkim pregledom, identifi kovan je Trueperella pyogenes. Ovaj izveštaj ukazuje da Trueperella pyogenes može da bude etiološki faktor cerebralnih apscesa kod pasa

ЯКІВ ДМИТРОВИЧ ГРАХОВ – ДІЯЧ КУЛЬТУРИ ТА ОСВІТИ В КАТЕРИНОСЛАВСЬКІЙ ГУБЕРНІЇ

Розглянуто життєвий шлях, освітянську, наукову та музеєзнавчу діяльність директора Катеринославської гімназії та училищ краю Якова Дмитровича Грахова в середині ХІХ ст.The article covers life, scientific and museum activities of Yakiv Dmitrovych Grakhov, a director of Katerinoslav schools in the middle of the 19th centuary

Evaluation of nursing care perceptions of patients in the emergency department

Bu araştırma acil servise başvuran hastaların hemşirelik bakımını algılayışlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 182 hasta oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri Aralık 2019-Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya alınan hastaların sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve sağlık öykülerine yönelik özellikler frekans ve yüzde analizi aracılığıyla yorumlanmıştır. Katılımcıların Hastanın Hemşirelik Bakımını Algılayışı Ölçeği'ne (HHBAÖ) verdikleri cevapların puan ortalamalarının demografik özelliklerine göre karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız örneklem t testi, Anova, MannWhitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testleri uygulanmıştır. Hastaların, HHBAÖ'den aldıkları puan ortalaması 18.59±6.52 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu verilere göre hastaların hemşirelik bakımı algı düzeyleri yüksek bulunmuştur. Hastaların yaş grubu, medeni durumu, gelir durumu ile ölçek puan ortalaması arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p0.05). Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; hemşirelerin bakım verirken hastaların bakım algılarını etkileyen faktörleri göz önünde bulundurması, hemşirelik bakımı algısı ve hemşirelik bakımından memnuniyetlerinin düzenli olarak değerlendirilmesi önerilebilir.This research was conducted as a descriptive study in order to evaluate the perception of nursing care of patients who applied to the emergency department. The sample of the study consisted of 182 patients who agreed to participate in the study. Research data were collected by face-to-face interview technique between December 2019 and May 2020. The socio-demographic characteristics and health histories of the patients included in the study were interpreted through frequency and percentage analysis. Independent sample t-test, Anova, MannWhitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare the mean scores of the participants' responses to the Patient's Perception of Nursing Care Questionnaire according to their demographic characteristics. The mean score of the patients in the HLPS was found to be 18.59±6.52. According to these data, the nursing care perception levels of the patients were found to be high. The difference between the patients' age group, marital status, income status and the scale mean score was found to be statistically significant (p0.05). According to the results of the research; It can be suggested that nurses should consider the factors that affect patients' perceptions of care, and regularly evaluate their perception of nursing care and their satisfaction with nursing care

ÜRODİNAMİ ÇALIŞMALARI

ÜRODİNAMİK ÇALIŞMALAR, ÖZELLİKLE SON 30 SENE İÇİNDEKİ GELİŞMELERLE, ALT ÜRİNER SİSTEM DİSFONKSİYONLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNDE VAZGEÇİLMEZ UNSURLAR OLMA ÖZELLİĞİ KAZANMIŞLARDIR

Biotyping and serotyping of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica isolated from lung samples of slaughtered sheep in the van region

A total of 584 lung samples of slaughtered sheep having clinical symptoms of pneumonia were investigated microbiologically. Out of the 584 samples, 66 (11.3%) Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica strains were isolated on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Sixty- six isolates of M. haemolytica were biotyped by carbohydrate fermentation tests and serotyped by coagglutination and indirect haemagglutination (IHA) tests. Out of the 66 M. haemolytica strains, 57 (86.3%) were detected as biotype A, and 9 (13.6%) were biotype T. The 66 M. haemolytica isolates were serotyped as follows by coagglutination test: 13 (19.6%) A2, 11 (16.6%) A1, 9 (13.6%) A6, 7 (10.6%) A9, 4 (6.0%) A5, 4 (6.0%) A7, 4 (6.0%) A12, 3 (4.5%) A8, 1 (1.5%) T4, 1 (1.5%) A13, and 1 (1.5%) T15. Of the M. haemolytica strains, 14 (21.2%) belonged to serotype A2, 11 (16.6%) to serotype A1, 10 (15.1%) to serotype A6, 7 (10.6%) to serotype A9, 4 (6.0%) to serotype A5, 4 (6.0%) to serotype A7, 4 (6.0%) to serotype A12, 4 (6.0%) to serotype A8, 1 (1.5%) to serotype T4, 1 (1.5%) to serotype A13 and 1 (1.5%) to serotype T15 by IHA test. Eight (12.1%) and 5 (7.5%) isolates were unserotyped by coagglutination and IHA tests, respectively. T3, T10, A11, A14 and A16 serotypes were not determined

"Effects of Mineral Content and Processing Type on thermal Degradation Behavior of Poyl(ethylene terephthalate)/Organoclay Nanocomposites", III. International Polymeric Composites Symposium, Exhibition and Workshop, İzmir Türkiye, 9-11 November 2012

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has been considered as a commodity polymer because of the diversity of its applications, as in packaging, fiber production, and molded goods. In literature, there have been plenty of studies related to the preparation of PET/clay nanocomposites by in-situ polymerization and melt compounding. The extrusion method played very important role in preparing PET/clay nanocomposites due to its simple and versatile processing way. On the other hand, this method can potentially cause thermal decomposition of commonly used alkyl ammonium ions in modified clays, which caused further degradation of polymer matrix. In recent years, a method called &ldquo;thermokinetic mixing&rdquo; has begun to be employed for preparing polymer nanocomposites. The thermokinetic mixing system, which requires no external heating, is specifically designed to handle difficult compounding and dispersion applications within a few minutes. Thanks to short processing times and high shear rates, it would be quite interesting to prepare PET/organoclay nanocomposites on the thermokinetic mixer. &nbsp; The scope of this work consists in studying the thermal decomposition behavior of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and its nanocomposites generated with organically modified clays using different processing methods. To achieve this goal, an intercalating agent was synthesized and montmorillonite type clay modified with this intercalating agent was mixed with the PET by employing melt extrusion and high shear mixing method. We then compared the nanocomposites in terms of dispersion properties using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microcscope (SEM). The thermal stability of the organoclays and nanocomposite materials was evaluated by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and dilute solution viscosity technique, respectively. &nbsp; Our results showed that changing the processing type from extruder to thermokinetic mixer reduced the clay particle size substantially. Processing on the thermokinetic mixer obviously disperses the clay particles in the PET matrix phase better than the extrusion process. The results from the SEM analyses are in excellent agreement with those obtained from the investigation of XRD data. Larger shear rates induced during thermokinetic mixing process were revealed to be responsible for a better dispersion of the clay mineral. The results show that manganese in the raw clay &ndash;though chemically bound- leads to decreased IV values, i.e. decreased molecular weight in PET/organoclay nanocomposites. Accordingly, content of raw clay type, especially manganese level should also be considered when working with PET. It was revealed that working on the thermokinetic mixer provided substantial contributions such as shorter processing times in comparison to the melt extrusion method, elimination of drying step before melt processing, which has been accepted as an inevitable process for PET so far, less thermal degradation because of short processing times, and more homogeneous and better dispersion of the clay particles in PET matrix phase.</p

Better dispersion of clay in a poly(ethylene terephthalate) matrix

Thermokinetic mixing reduces the size of clay particles and dispersesthem more homogeneously than melt extrusion