Entomología forense: los insectos en la escena del crimen

La entomología forense es la ciencia que estudia los insectos asociados al proceso de descomposición cadavérica, lo que la convierte en una herramienta útil para esclarecer incógnitas que rodean a los cadáveres encontrados en circunstancias particulares. En muchos países, los estudios sobre entomología forense son amplios y utilizan esta ciencia como herramienta legal. Sin embargo, en Colombia aún el trabajo es escaso y faltan investigaciones que enriquezcan y fortalezcan esta ciencia para lograr que se convierta en una herramienta legal y que sea parte fundamental en el análisis de las escenas de crimen.ABSTRACTForensic Entomology is a science that studies the insects related to cadaverous decomposition. This science is a useful tool to resolve mysteries around corpses found in particular circumstances. In many countries the study of Forensic Entomology is extensive and this science is used as a legal tool. However, In Colombia this field of study is scarce and still lacks research that will enrich and strengthen it. The researchers strive to make of this science a legal tool and fundamental point of crime scenes.La entomología forense es la ciencia que estudia los insectos asociados al proceso de descomposición cadavérica, lo que la convierte en una herramienta útil para esclarecer incógnitas que rodean a los cadáveres encontrados en circunstancias particulares. En muchos países, los estudios sobre entomología forense son amplios y utilizan esta ciencia como herramienta legal. Sin embargo, en Colombia aún el trabajo es escaso y faltan investigaciones que enriquezcan y fortalezcan esta ciencia para lograr que se convierta en una herramienta legal y que sea parte fundamental en el análisis de las escenas de crimen.ABSTRACTForensic Entomology is a science that studies the insects related to cadaverous decomposition. This science is a useful tool to resolve mysteries around corpses found in particular circumstances. In many countries the study of Forensic Entomology is extensive and this science is used as a legal tool. However, In Colombia this field of study is scarce and still lacks research that will enrich and strengthen it. The researchers strive to make of this science a legal tool and fundamental point of crime scenes

Do longer sequences improve the accuracy of identification of forensically important Calliphoridae species?

Species identification is a crucial step in forensic entomology. In several cases the calculation of the larval age allows the estimation of the minimum Post-Mortem Interval (mPMI). A correct identification of the species is the first step for a correct mPMI estimation. To overcome the difficulties due to the morphological identification especially of the immature stages, a molecular approach can be applied. However, difficulties in separation of closely related species are still an unsolved problem. Sequences of 4 different genes (COI, ND5, EF-1α, PER) of 13 different fly species collected during forensic experiments (Calliphora vicina, Calliphora vomitoria, Lucilia sericata, Lucilia illustris, Lucilia caesar, Chrysomya albiceps, Phormia regina, Cynomya mortuorum, Sarcophaga sp., Hydrotaea sp., Fannia scalaris, Piophila sp., Megaselia scalaris) were evaluated for their capability to identify correctly the species. Three concatenated sequences were obtained combining the four genes in order to verify if longer sequences increase the probability of a correct identification. The obtained results showed that this rule does not work for the species L. caesar and L. illustris. Future works on other DNA regions are suggested to solve this taxonomic issue

Integration Policies and Real Integration : A study of Moroccan immigrants in the Valencian Community in Spain

The research on the integration of immigrants has become important during the last decades and the ways of measuring the integration of immigrants became more specific and specialized. In this study, the integration of Moroccan immigrants in the Valencian Autonomous Community of Spain was selected, considering that it is one of the most numerous foreign conglomerates and the one that contribute most to the economy of the Valencian Community.   The study aims to investigate whether Moroccan immigrants are integrated into the Valencian Community and what is the role of government integration plans to achieve this integration. This study was divided into two stages, first, an analysis of the plans to know the rights and guarantees of Moroccan immigrants in the Valencian Community and second, a field study where Moroccan immigrants were interviewed to know their level of interaction with the host society.   The study takes the Spencer and Charsley Domain Model, to analyze the integration processes of Moroccan immigrants through different domains, such as social, structural, cultural, civic, or in relation to identity. During fieldwork, interviews were conducted using specific measurement indicators, such as the level of participation in the labor market, access to training and education, the level of social interaction with the community, the change of values or in their lifestyle and the sense of belonging to the host country, among others. Also, the gender and age of the immigrants were considered.   The study concludes that the integration plans have an important role in the integration process by providing an equal opportunity base for immigrants. However, Moroccan immigrants, have weak ties at a cultural and social level with Spain, despite expressing their willingness to stay in Spain.La investigación sobre la integración de los inmigrantes ha cobrado importancia durante las últimas décadas. A su vez las formas de medir la integración de los inmigrantes se han vuelto más específicas y especializadas. En este estudio se seleccionó la integración de inmigrantes marroquíes en la Comunidad Valenciana de España, considerando que es uno de los conglomerados extranjeros más numerosos y el que mas aporta a la economía de dicha comunidad.Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar si los inmigrantes marroquíes están integrados en la Comunidad Valenciana y cuál es el rol de los planes de integración gubernamentales en esa integración. La investigación se dividió en dos etapas, en primer lugar, un análisis de los planes para conocer los derechos y garantías de los inmigrantes marroquíes en la Comunidad Valenciana, y en segundo lugar, un estudio de campo donde se entrevistó a los inmigrantes marroquíes para conocer su nivel de interacción con la sociedad de acogida.El estudio toma el Modelo de Dominio de Spencer y Charsley, para analizar los procesos de integración de los inmigrantes marroquíes a través de diferentes dominios como el social, estructural, cultural, el cívico y en lo concerniente a su identidad. Durante el trabajo de campo se realizaron entrevistas utilizando indicadores de medición específicos, tales como el nivel de participación en el mercado laboral, el acceso a la formación y educación, el nivel de interacción social con la comunidad, el cambio en sus valores o en su estilo de vida y el sentido de pertenencia con el país anfitrión. Además, se consideró el género y la edad de los inmigrantes entre otros factores.El estudio concluye que los planes de integración tienen un papel importante en el proceso de integración al brindar una base de igualdad de oportunidades para los inmigrantes. Sin embargo, los inmigrantes marroquíes, tienen lazos débiles a nivel cultural y social con España a pesar de manifestar su voluntad de permanecer en el país

Entomología forense: los insectos en la escena del crimen

La entomología forense es la ciencia que estudia los insectos asociados al proceso de descomposición cadavérica, lo que la convierte en una herramienta útil para esclarecer incógnitas que rodean a los cadáveres encontrados en circunstancias particulares. En muchos países, los estudios sobre entomología forense son amplios y utilizan esta ciencia como herramienta legal; sin embargo, en Colombia aún el trabajo es escaso y faltan investigaciones que enriquezcan y fortalezcan esta ciencia para lograr que se convierta en una herramienta legal y que sea parte fundamental en el análisis de las escenas de crimenForensic Entomology is a science that studies the insects related to cadaverous decomposition. This science is a useful tool to resolve mysteries around corpses found in particular circumstances. In many countries the study of Forensic Entomology is extensive and this science is used as a legal tool. However, in Colombia this field of study is scarce and still lacks research that will enrich and strengthen it. The researchers strive to make of this science a legal tool and fundamental point of crime scene

Mesembrinella bullata Whitworth & Yusseff-Vanegas 2019, sp. nov.

Mesembrinella bullata Whitworth, sp. nov. (Figs 67–68, 157–158, 221, 264, 308, 352, 393, 437, 473, 488) Diagnosis. A small fly averaging 9.4 mm (9–10/5) in length. Thorax, subshining dark blue and abdomen shiny bluepurple, both covered with whitish tomentum; ppn bluish with 3x 3 setae; wing hyaline; disc of T5 with some fairly stout, disorganized setae, more or less at middle of disc. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli distinctive: cerci in posterior view with broad basal half and sharply narrowed in distal half (Fig. 68). Female terminalia as in Fig. 308. Description. Male. Head. Frons broad, 0.09 (0.08–0.09/2) of head width at narrowest, almost as broad as width of first flagellomere; fronto-orbital pale with whitish tomentum; lower half of frontal vitta orange, upper half black, frontal vitta significantly narrowed midway; fronto-orbitals broad, frontal setae ascending about 65% of distance to vertex; parafacial pale orange. Gena with horizontal row of 3–4 stout, black setae and a few sparse short setae, anterior 1/2–2/3 of gena orange, posterior 1/2–1/3 with dense silvery tomentum; postgena with silvery tomentum and covered with pale, silky setae; occiput black with silvery tomentumand dense, silky golden setae; median occipital sclerite with silvery tomentum in upper third, lower 2/3 subshining black; palpus typical; pedicel and first flagellomere orange; eye with median facets slightly larger than lateral facets; ocellar triangle small, anterior ocellus 1/3 larger than posterior ocelli; supravibrissal setae dark brown, ascending about 1/5 of distance to antennal base. Thorax. Dorsum and pleural area of thorax dark blue with silvery tomentum, and with faint pale presutural tomentose stripes [some specimens]; chaetotaxy: ac 2:1, dc 2:3, ia 0, ph 1, ppn 3x 3, kat 1:1, meral setae in unusual pattern, in straight line, row with slight bend anteriorlyabove, 1 pair of crossed ap, sa absent, 2 lat, 1 stout bas, 1 pb weak, 1 disc; subscutellum weakly developed; spiracles medium-sized, brown to yellow-brown; legs entirely dark brown with tips of femora orange. Wing hyaline, faintly yellow, veins darker at base, basal cells faintly darkened; subcostal sclerite bare; basicosta tan with pale setae, tegula brown; section IV 0.13 of section III; calypters with tan discs and brown rims with brown setae. Abdomen purple, subshining, with pale tomentum; T1+2 and T3 each with a pair of lateral marginal setae; T4 with row of stout, erect marginal setae on posterior margin; T5 disc with some fairly stout, unordered setae together with dense, short, fine setae. Terminalia in lateral view with surstylus very short, slightly curved backward, cercus much longer (Fig. 67); in posterior view, basal half of cerci bulbous, distal half abruptly narrowing to tip (Fig. 68); phallus in lateral view: base of epiphallus broad with moderate backward curve (Fig. 157); in dorsal view, hypophallic lobes narrow (Fig. 158); T6, STS7+8, pre- and postgonite, ejaculatory sclerite ST6 and hypandrium as in Fig. 221; ST1–5 with broad sclerites (Fig. 264). Female. Similar to male except frons 0.234 (0.20–0.26/5) of head width at narrowest. T6 of RV shape; T7 continuous, rear edge recessed midway; T8 as separate sclerites (Fig. 308); ST6–8 and hypoproct as in Fig. 352; spermathecae filiform (Fig. 393); ST1–5 as in Fig. 437. Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ ♦ *(TLW437) (Bolivia, Chapare; CNC; Fig. 473), labeled: BOLIVIA Cbba Chapare / Villa Turnarí-Cochabamba / road - km 362 - 1550m / Pruett & Wood 24 III.95; HOLOTYPE / Mesembrinella / bullata / T.L. Whitworth. ALLOTYPE ♀ ♦ * (TLW438): same data as holotype except km 365, 3–10.xii.1996, G. & M. Wood (CNC). PARATYPES: Bolivia, Cochabamba. 2 ♀♀, Chapare, Villa Turnarf-Cochabamba road, km 362, 1550 m, 24.iii.1995, Pruett & Wood (CNC). La Paz. 1 ♂*, 1 ♀ *, 1 ♀, Sud Yungas, Punte Villa, hotel Tamampaya, 4300 ft., 19–24.v.1989, flight intercept trap, J. Eger (FSCA). Distribution. Bolivia. Remarks. The allotype (TLW 438) was barcoded and was recovered in a distinct cluster near M. uniseta and M. lara (Fig. 488). The terminalia of this species resemble Bonatto’s (2001: fig. 103) sketch of what he called “ xanthorrhina ”. In both specimens the base of the cercus is much enlarged, though in Bonatto’s sketch the cercus is sinuous, whereas in M. bullata sp. nov. it is gently curved forward (Fig. 67). The setae on the disc of T 5 in M. bullata could be confused with the stout setae on the disc seen in the M. aeneiventris species-group. However, the setae in M. bullata are weaker and denser and not in a prominent row. Though the new species groups near two species in the M. aeneiventris group, its surstylus is distinctly curved backward. For now, we place it in the M. bicolor group pending a more in-depth genetic analysis. Etymology. The species name bullata, derived from the Latin bullatus (inflated), refers to the unusual bulbous basal half of the cerci when seen in posterior view (Fig. 68).Published as part of Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), pp. 1-146 in Zootaxa 4659 (1) on pages 120-121, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/337723

Mesembrinella guaramacalensis Whitworth & Yusseff-Vanegas 2019, sp. nov.

<i>Mesembrinella guaramacalensis</i> Whitworth, sp. nov. <p>(Figs 288, 332, 375, 417, 487–488)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> A medium-sized fly averaging 10 mm (9–11/2) in length. Discs of upper and lower calypters light tan to brown, with brown fringe; anterior spiracle yellow vs. brown in <i>M. spicata</i>; T4 with marginal row of setae vs. without marginal row of setae in <i>M. spicata</i>; male unknown, female terminalia as in Fig. 288.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>Female</i>. Frons 0.245 0.24–0.25/2 of head width at narrowest. Fronto-orbital yellow with pale yellow tomentum; frontal vitta dark orange below, brown above; parafacial mostly orange with yellow tomentum, posterior 1/4 dark with pale tomentum; gena with short horizontal row of 4 stout setae midway and scattering of fine dark setae overall; postgena dark silvery with fine yellow setae; occiput dark, like postgena, with silvery tomentum and fine yellow setae, median occipital sclerite shiny dark brown; antenna bright orange, arista orange at base, remainder tan; palpus typical; eye with median facets 2x size of lateral facets; ocellar triangle medium-sized, ocelli of equal size; facial ridge with only two dark supravibrissal setae and some small brown setae clustered at base.</p> <p>Thorax without stripes on dorsum, bluish with heavy, irregular pale tomentum; pleura blue with pale tomentum; chaetotaxy: ac 2:1, dc 2:3, ia 0, ph 1, ppn 3x 3, kat 1:1, meral setae typical, 1 pair converging ap, sa absent, 1 lat, 1 stout bas, 1 pb, 1 disc; subscutellum moderately developed; anterior spiracle medium-sized, yellow, posterior spiracle medium-sized, brown; legs entirely brown. Wing hyaline; subcostal sclerite bare; basicosta tan, tegula brown; section IV 0.16 of section III; discs of upper and lower calypters brown; rim of upper calypter with short dark brown setae, rim of lower calypter with long dark brown setae.</p> <p> Abdomen entirely purple with whitish tomentum; T4–5 with marginal rows of stout setae; T5 without discal setae, with only short fine setae. <i>Terminalia</i>. T6 of WU shape, T7 short and broad, recessed along rear edge midway, T8 as separate sclerites (Fig. 288); ST6–8 and hypoproct as in Fig. 332; spermathecae filiform (Fig. 375); ST1–5 as in Fig. 417.</p> <p> <i>Male</i>. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE ♀ ♦* (TLW294) (Venezuela, <b>Trujillo</b>; MJMO; Fig. 487), labeled: VENEZUELA Trujillo / P.N. Guaramacal 1480 m / 11–16 /VI/2002 / 9°19ʹ021 N– 70°15ʹ480 W; T. Amarilla / R. Briceño; J. Clavijo; R. Paz, F. Díaz; L. Joly; A. / Chacón / Proyecto S 1-2000000479; HOLOTYPE / Mesembrinella / guaramacalensis / T.L. Whitworth.</p> <p>ALLOTYPE ♀ ♦ (TLW293): same data as holotype except 14–20.ii.2002 (MJMO).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Venezuela.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Known only from two females from Venezuela. The two female specimens (TLW 293–294) were barcoded and the sequence data place them in the <i>spicata</i> group, in a distinct cluster near <i>M. mexicana</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> (Fig. 488). Barcodes show that this species has a 4% genetic distance from <i>M. mexicana</i> and an 8% genetic distance from <i>M. spicata</i>.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The name <i>guaramacalensis</i> refers to the type locality of the new species, Guaramacal National Park in Venezuela.</p>Published as part of <i>Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), pp. 1-146 in Zootaxa 4659 (1)</i> on pages 50-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3377239">http://zenodo.org/record/3377239</a&gt

Mesembrinella obscura Wolff 2017

<i>Mesembrinella obscura</i> (Wolff, 2017) <p> <i>Huascaromusca obscura</i> Wolff <i>in</i> Wolff <i>et al.</i>, 2017: 253. Holotype male (CEUA), not examined. Type locality: Vereda La Floresta, Jardín, Antioquia, Colombia.</p> <p> <i>Mesembrinella obscura</i>: Cerretti <i>et al.</i> (2017: tab. 2).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Postpronotal lobe with 3x 3 setae; subcostal sclerite bare; legs entirely dark; spiracles black; ac 0:1; outer ph 1.</p> <p> <b>Redescription.</b> [Summarized from Wolff <i>et al.</i> (2017).] <i>Male.</i> A medium-sized dark blue fly with bright blue reflections. Frons 0.058 (0.044–0.69/8) of head width at narrowest. Scutellar chaetotaxy: 1 ap, 1 bas, 1 pb, 1 disc. Wing mostly hyaline, with slight darkening at base and around crossvein r-m. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli and other characters as in Wolff <i>et al.</i> (2017: figs 5–11).</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Wolff <i>et al.</i> (2017) give female frons width at narrowest as 0.238 (0.228 –0.250 /10). Terminalia not illustrated or described in detail.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> None (no specimens could be obtained for examination).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Colombia.</p>Published as part of <i>Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), pp. 1-146 in Zootaxa 4659 (1)</i> on page 85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3377239">http://zenodo.org/record/3377239</a&gt

Mesembrinella woodorum Whitworth & Yusseff-Vanegas 2019, sp. nov.

<i>Mesembrinella woodorum</i> Whitworth, sp. nov. <p>(Figs 33–34, 123–124, 204, 248, 461)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> The single specimen examined measured 9 mm in length. The body is shining blue, similar in color and size to <i>M. epandriaurantia</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, see comparison under that species; the tip of T5 and epandrium are shiny blue; ST5 (Fig. 248) and the terminalia (Figs. 33–34) are distinctive.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>Male</i> (holotype). Head. Frons broad, 0.09 of head width at narrowest. Fronto-orbital and upper parafacial silvery gray, lower parafacial reddish; frontal vitta black, broader below, narrowed above; frontal setae ascending about halfway to vertex; gena silvery gray, with only few horizontally-arranged stout setae on anterior 1/3; postgena and occiput silvery gray with long pale setae; median occipital sclerite shiny black; antenna entirely brown, first flagellomere unusually broad, broader than parafacial at level of lunule; palpus typical; eye with median facets 4x size of lateral facets; ocellar triangle medium-sized, anterior ocellus about 1/3 larger than posterior ocelli; black cluster of supravibrissal setae ascending about 1/6 of distance to antennal base.</p> <p>Thorax. Dorsum blue with pale tomentum forming irregular stripes in presutural area; in postsutural area dull blue with pale tomentum; pleura bluish with pale tomentum; chaetotaxy: ac 0:0, dc 2:2, ia 0, ph 1, ppn 2x 2, kat 1:1, meral setae typical, 1 crossed ap, 1 stout bas, 0 disc, no other scutellar setae; subscutellum weakly developed; spiracles medium-sized, brown; anterior spiracle with long and narrow opening gradually widening above (Fig. 6); legs entirely brown. Wings faintly infuscated, yellowish along basal half of costa; basicosta and tegula dark brown; subcostal sclerite bare; section IV 0.13 of section III; discs of upper and lower calypters reddish brown; rim of upper calypter dark brown with short tan setae, rim of lower calypter tan with long tan setae.</p> <p> Abdomen entirely bluish with pale tomentum; T4 with row of stout marginal setae; T5 with pair of lateral marginal setae; no setae midway. <i>Terminalia</i> in lateral view with short, slender surstylus, cercus sinuous with flared edges (Fig. 33), of unusual shape in posterior view (Fig. 34); phallus in lateral view with short slender epiphallus (Fig. 123); in dorsal view, hypophallic lobes narrow (Fig. 124); T6, STS7+8, pre- and postgonite and ST6 as in Fig. 204; ST1–5 as in Fig. 248, ST5 of unusual shape.</p> <p> <i>Female</i>. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE ♂ <b>*</b> (Ecuador, <b>Napo</b>; CNC; Fig. 461), labeled: ECUADOR, Napo / 30 km. s. Baeza / 20.II.79 2000m / G. & M. Wood; HOLOTYPE / Mesembrinella / woodorum / T.L. Whitworth.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Ecuador.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species is so distinctive that it merited being described even though only a single specimen was known. No specimens were barcoded.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species <i>woodorum</i> is named in honor of Grace and Monty Wood, who collected many excellent specimens from the Neotropical Region, including this male.</p>Published as part of <i>Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), pp. 1-146 in Zootaxa 4659 (1)</i> on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3377239">http://zenodo.org/record/3377239</a&gt

Molecular phylogeny of the forensically important genus Cochliomyia (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Cochliomyia Townsend includes several abundant and one of the most broadly distributed, blow flies in the Americas, and is of significant economic and forensic importance. For decades, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) and C. macellaria (Fabricius) have received attention as livestock parasites and primary indicator species in forensic entomology. However, C. minima Shannon and C. aldrichi Del Ponte have only been subject to basic taxonomy and faunistic studies. Here we present the first complete phylogeny of Cochliomyia including numerous specimens per species, collected from 13 localities in the Caribbean. Four genes, the mitochondrial COI and the nuclear EF-1α, 28S rRNA, and ITS2, were analyzed. While we found some differences among gene trees, a concatenated gene matrix recovered a robustly supported monophyletic Cochliomyia with Compsomyiops Townsend as its sister group and recovered the monophyly of C. hominivorax, C. macellaria and C. minima. Our results support a close relationship between C. minima and C. aldrichi. However, we found C. aldrichi containing C. minima, indicating recent speciation, or issues with the taxonomy of the group. We provide basic information on habitat preference, distribution and feeding habits of C. minima and C. aldrichi that will be useful for future forensic studies in the Caribbean

Mesembrinella vogelsangi

<i>Mesembrinella vogelsangi</i> (Mello, 1967) <p>(Figs 8, 53–54, 143–144, 214, 257, 300, 344, 385, 429)</p> <p> <i>Huascaromusca vogelsangi</i> Mello, 1967: 46. Holotype male (FIOC), not examined. Type locality: Aragua, Venezuela.</p> <p> <i>Huascaromusca vogelsangi</i>: Kosmann <i>et al.</i> (2013: 77); Wolff & Kosmann (2016: 867); Wolff <i>et al.</i> (2017: 253); Marinho <i>et al.</i> (2017: tab. 1); Velásquez <i>et al.</i> (2017: 109).</p> <p> <i>Mesembrinella vogelsangi</i>: Cerretti <i>et al.</i> (2017: tab. 2).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> A brownish, medium-sized fly averaging 11.6 mm (11–12/5) in length.Abdomen with distinct dark marginal bands on posterior edge of each segment; T4–5 sometimes with purplish reflections; subcostal sclerite setose; femora all orange; male frons narrow, about 0.017 of head width at narrowest, about half width of anterior ocellus.</p> <p> <b>Redescription.</b> <i>Male.</i> Head. Frons narrow, 0.017 (0.015 –0.020 /3) of head width at narrowest, about half width of anterior ocellus; fronto-orbital slender, silvery when viewed from above, orange when viewed from below, frontal setae ascending about halfway to vertex; frontal vitta orange, obliterated about midway; parafacial golden to orange, narrow above, broader below; gena orange with horizontal row of stout setae on ventral edge and small scattered dark setae, posterodorsal corner with silvery tomentum extending from occiput; postgena orange with tan setae; occiput with silvery tomentum and fine golden setae; median occipital sclerite broad, shiny dark orange; antenna orange; palpus typical; eye with median facets about 2x size of lateral facets; ocellar triangle small, anterior ocellus slightly larger than posterior ocelli; facial ridge with dark brown supravibrissal setae extending about 1/5 of distance to antennal base.</p> <p>Thorax brown with dense tan tomentum, with irregular shiny brown areas and a pair of shiny anterolateral brown spots in presutural area; postsutural area similar, with irregular bare areas; pleura orange; chaetotaxy: ac 1, dc 2:3, ia 0, ph 1, ppn 3x 3, kat 1, meron with fine setae and short horizontal portion, 1 pair converging ap, sa absent, lat weak, bas stout, pb weak, 1 disc subscutellum moderately developed; spiracles medium-sized, anterior one pale yellow, posterior one orange; legs: femora orange, tibiae and tarsi brown. Wing hyaline, faintly yellowish, slightly darker yellow along costa; subcostal sclerite setose; tegula orange, basicosta brown; section IV 0.27 of section III; calypters with tan discs; upper calypter with dark rim and short reddish setae, lower calypter with brown rim and long reddish setae.</p> <p> Abdomen brownish with dark band on posterior edge of each segment [in the three examined males the abdomens are dull and may be discolored; female abdomens were much brighter blue]; T4–5 sometimes with faint purplish reflections; lateral margin of T3 with two pairs of setae; posterior margins of T4–5 with rows of stout setae; disc of T5 with horizontal row of stout setae midway, rest of disc with sparse, short, fine setae. Terminalia in lateral view with surstylus curved backward [unusual for <i>M</i>. <i>aeneiventris</i> species-group], cercus with apical hook (Fig. 53); in posterior view, basal half of cerci broad, distal half tapering to a point (Fig. 54); in dorsal and lateral views, hypophallic lobes narrow (Figs 143–144). T6, STS7+8, pre- and postgonite, ejaculatory sclerite and ST6 as in Fig. 214; ST2–5 as in Fig. 257.</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Similar to male except frons 0.235 (0.23–0.24/2) of head width at narrowest. Females tend to have more purple on abdomen than males, especially toward posterior end. T6 of WV shape, T7 slender and weakened midway, T8 as separate sclerites (Fig. 300). ST6–8 and hypoproct as in Fig. 344; spermathecae filiform (Fig. 385). ST1–5 as in Fig. 429.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Venezuela, <b>Aragua.</b> 1 ♂*, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ *, 1 ♀, Edo. Aragua, 18–27.ii.1971, 1100 m, G. & M. Wood (CNC); 1 ♂, Aragua, Giradot, Rancho Grande, 14.vii.1979, R.O. Schuster, R.W. Brooks, A.A. Grigarick, J. McLaughlin (UCDC).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Venezuela. Marinho <i>et al.</i> (2017) listed Colombia.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The male and female terminalia in <i>M. vogelsangi</i> are similar to those of <i>M. zurquiensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, but frons width in the male is very different. In <i>M. vogelsangi</i> the frons is quite narrow, about 0.02 of head width at narrowest, vs. much wider, 0.09 of head width at narrowest, in <i>M. zurquiensis</i>. No specimens were barcoded.</p>Published as part of <i>Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), pp. 1-146 in Zootaxa 4659 (1)</i> on page 102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3377239">http://zenodo.org/record/3377239</a&gt