The use of Pd catalysts on carbon-based structured materials for the catalytic hydrogenation of bromates in different types of water

[EN] The aim of this work is to study the activity of new Pd catalysts, supported on two different nano structured carbon materials, for bromate catalytic hydrogenation. The influence of the support has been studied, obtaining the best results with a palladium catalyst supported on carbon nanofibers (CNF) grown in sintered metal fibers (SMF). The results have shown the importance of the catalyst support in order to minimize the mass-transfer limitations ensuring an efficient catalyst use. In this way the most active catalysts are those with a mesoporous structure containing high dispersed Pd nanoparticles. The activity of this catalyst for bromate reduction has been tested in different types of water, namely, distilled water, natural water and industrial wastewater. It has been shown that the catalyst activity depends on the water matrix and bromate reduction rate depends on the hydrogen partial pressure. The potential use of the catalyst has been studied in a continuous reactor. It has been observed that the catalyst is active without any important deactivation at least during 100 h of reaction, but is necessary to avoid salt precipitation and plugging problems.The authors thank the European Union (European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement no. 226347 Project) for financial support. A.E. Palomares also acknowledges the support from the Spanish Government through the project MAT2012-38567-C02-01.Palomares Gimeno, AE.; Franch Martí, C.; Yuranova, T.; Kiwi-Minsker, L.; Garcia Bordeje, JE.; Derrouiche, S. (2014). The use of Pd catalysts on carbon-based structured materials for the catalytic hydrogenation of bromates in different types of water. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 146:186-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.02.056S18619114

Structured fibrous carbon-based catalyst for continuous nitrate removal from natural water

[EN] Bimetallic (Pd–Cu, Pd–Sn) nanoparticles supported on structured fibrous carbons (activated carbon fibers and carbon nanofibers grown on sintered metal fibers) were tested in nitrate removal of natural polluted water by hydrogen (a batch and continuous mode). Dependence of the activity/selectivity on catalyst chemical composition, promoter nature and metal particle size was studied. Sn-modified Pd nanoparticles showed higher N2 selectivity as compared to Cu-modified ones. The structured (Pd–Sn) nanoparticles supported on carbon nanofibers grown on Inconel sintered metal fibers demonstrated the best catalytic performance in an open flow reactor, providing optimal hydrodynamics properties.This work was carried out with the financial support of the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 226347.Yuranova, T.; Franch Martí, C.; Palomares Gimeno, AE.; García-Bordejé, E.; Kiwi-Minsker, L. (2012). Structured fibrous carbon-based catalyst for continuous nitrate removal from natural water. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 123-124:221-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.04.007S221228123-12

Photocatalytic fabrics based on reduced graphene oxide and TiO2 coatings

Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2015.04.013The purpose of this work is to obtain photocatalytic fabrics based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and TiO2 coatings on polyester fabrics. The influence of the applied number of RGO coatings on properties such as light absorption, conductivity, electroactivity and photocatalytic properties of the fabrics was established. An improvement of these properties with the number of RGO coatings applied was obtained. FESEM, EDX, XPS and FTIR-ATR showed the incorporation of the TiO2 nanoparticles on the fabrics. FTIR-ATR showed the formation of a bidentate carboxylic ligand with titanium atoms. The photocatalytic properties of the fabrics were tested with Rhodamine B dye solutions. Photocatalytic efficiency increased with the number of RGO coatings, due to the increased light absorption, and better electrical properties. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) and its time constant (τ) decreased, indicating a better electron transfer which helps to increase the lifetime of the pair electron/hole.Authors wish to thank to the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (contract CTM2011-23583) for the financial sup port. J. Molina is grateful to the Conselleria d’Educació, Formació i Ocupació (Generalitat Valenciana) for the Programa VALi+D Postdoctoral Fellowship. Electron Microscopy Service of the UPV (Universitat Politècnica de València) is gratefully acknowledged for help with FESEM and EDX characterization. Timothy Vickers is gratefully acknowledged for help with English revision.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evolución y cambios de uso de suelo en el barrio San Roque de la ciudad de Cuenca: análisis y propuesta de intervención

En los últimos años, en el barrio San Roque, que se encuentra en el Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Cuenca, se ha producido un progresivo cambio del uso de suelo, que está afectando y generando problemas a la función residencial que éste ha tenido históricamente. En este contexto, el presente trabajo está centrado en el estudio de la evolución y el cambio de usos de suelo que se ha producido en el barrio San Roque, y también en formular un Plan de Usos de Suelo que ayude a afrontar y evitar problemas surgidos por dichos cambios, con el objetivo de regular la intensidad y el comportamiento, así como también proteger y preservar el patrimonio edificado. Para lograr este propósito el presente trabajo se dividió en cinco partes fundamentales: la primera está enfocada en la construcción de los antecedentes teóricos relacionados a los centros históricos latinoamericanos; la segunda se centra en el análisis de casos; la tercera está destinada al diagnóstico del área de estudio, en términos de uso y ocupación de suelo; en la cuarta se determina el Plan de Uso de Suelo para el barrio; y la quinta presenta las conclusiones y recomendaciones finales del trabajo en conjunto.In recent years, in the San Roque neighborhood, located in the Historic Center of the city of Cuenca, there has been a progressive change in land use; as a result, it is affecting and generating problems for the residential function that this neighborhood has had historically. In this sense, the present work is focused on the study of the evolution and change of land uses that has taken place in the San Roque neighborhood, and also on formulation of a Plan of Land Uses that helps to cope and avoid problems arising from these changes; in order to regulate the intensity and behavior of them, as well as to protect and preserve the built heritage. To achieve this purpose, the present work was divided into five fundamental parts: the first one is focused on the compilation of theoretical background related to Latin American historical centers; the second one on the analysis of cases; the third one on the diagnosis of the study area in terms of land use and occupation; in the fourth one, in which it is determined the Land Use Plan for the neighborhood is determined; and the fifth one presents the conclusions and final recommendations of the joint work.ArquitectoCuenc