Cruise Report 71-S-6: Sportfish Investigations

(PDF contains 1 pages.

Cruise Report 70-S-6: Sportfish Investigations

(PDF contains 2 pages.

The status of the white seabass resource and its management

White seabass, Cynoscion nobilis, have been fished in California since late in the ninteenth century. At present the commercial fishery is stable, landing about 8 hundred thousand pounds per year, but the sport fishing has declined to the poorest catch on record. (Document has 11 pages.

Large Extra Dimension Effects on the Spin Configuration of the Top Quark Pair at e^+ e^- Colliders

Large extra dimension effects on the spin configuration of the top quark pair at the $e^+ e^-\to t\bar{t}$ process are studied. It is shown that the TeV scale quantum gravity effects cause significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions for the spin configuration in the off-diagonal basis: they lead to substantial cross sections of the like-spin states of the top quark pair, which vanish in the SM; they weaken the pure dominance of the processes, the Up-Down (Down-Up) spin states for the left-handed (right-handed) beam. In addition it is shown that the angular cut $-0.5<\cos\theta<0$ is very effective to determine the sign of the quantum gravity corrections.Comment: A discussion on the angular distribution is added with a tabl

Manifest SO(N) invariance and S-matrices of three-dimensional N=2,4,8 SYM

An on-shell formalism for the computation of S-matrices of SYM theories in three spacetime dimensions is presented. The framework is a generalization of the spinor-helicity formalism in four dimensions. The formalism is applied to establish the manifest SO(N) covariance of the on-shell superalgebra relevant to N =2,4 and 8 SYM theories in d=3. The results are then used to argue for the SO(N) invariance of the S-matrices of these theories: a claim which is proved explicitly for the four-particle scattering amplitudes. Recursion relations relating tree amplitudes of three-dimensional SYM theories are shown to follow from their four-dimensional counterparts. The results for the four-particle amplitudes are verified by tree-level perturbative computations and a unitarity based construction of the integrand corresponding to the leading perturbative correction is also presented for the N=8 theory. For N=8 SYM, the manifest SO(8) symmetry is used to develop a map between the color-ordered amplitudes of the SYM and superconformal Chern-Simons theories, providing a direct connection between on-shell observables of D2 and M2-brane theories.Comment: 28 page

Probing Z' gauge boson with the spin configuration of top quark pair production at future e−e+e^- e^+ linear colliders

We explore the effects of extra neutral gauge boson involved in the supersymmetric E6 model on the spin configuration of the top quark pair produced at the polarized e- e+ collider. Generic mixing terms are considered including kinetic mixing terms as well as mass mixing. In the off-diagonal spin basis of the standard model, we show that the cross sections for the suppressed spin configurations can be enhanced with the effects of the Z' boson through the modification of the spin configuration of produced top quark pair enough to be measured in the Linear Colliders, which provides the way to observe the effects of Z' boson and discriminate the pattern of gauge group decomposition. It is pointed out that the kinetic mixing may dilute the effects of mass mixing terms, and we have to perform the combined analysis.Comment: 19 pages including 5 figures, ReVTe

Spin configuration of top quark pair production with large extra dimensions at photon-photon colliders

Top quark pair production at photon-photon colliders is studied in low scale quantum gravity scenario. From the dependence of the cross sections on the spin configuration of the top quark and anti-quark, we introduce a new observable, top spin asymmetry. It is shown that there exists a special top spin basis where with the polarized parent electron beams the top spin asymmetry vanishes in the standard model but retains substantial values with the large extra dimension effects. We also present lower bounds of the quantum gravity scale $M_S$ from total cross sections with various combinations of the laser, electron beam, and top quark pair polarizations. The measurements of the top spin state $(t_\uparrow\bar{t}_\downarrow)$ with unpolarized initial beams are shown to be most effective, enhancing by about 5% the $M_S$ bounds with respect to totally unpolarized case.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, ReVTe

Financial incentives to promote active travel: an evidence review and economic framework

ContextFinancial incentives, including taxes and subsidies, can be used to encourage behavior change. They are common in transport policy for tackling externalities associated with use of motor vehicles, and in public health for influencing alcohol consumption and smoking behaviors. Financial incentives also offer policymakers a compromise between “nudging,” which may be insufficient for changing habitual behavior, and regulations that restrict individual choice.Evidence acquisitionThe literature review identified studies published between January 1997 and January 2012 of financial incentives relating to any mode of travel in which the impact on active travel, physical activity, or obesity levels was reported. It encompassed macroenvironmental schemes, such as gasoline taxes, and microenvironmental schemes, such as employer-subsidized bicycles. Five relevant reviews and 20 primary studies (of which nine were not included in the reviews) were identified.Evidence synthesisThe results show that more-robust evidence is required if policymakers are to maximize the health impact of fiscal policy relating to transport schemes of this kind.ConclusionsDrawing on a literature review and insights from the SLOTH (sleep, leisure, occupation, transportation, and home-based activities) time-budget model, this paper argues that financial incentives may have a larger role in promoting walking and cycling than is acknowledged generally

CP violating neutrino oscillation and uncertainties in Earth matter density

We propose a statistical formulation to estimate possible errors in long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments caused by uncertainties in the Earth matter density. A quantitative investigation of the effect is made on the CP asymmetry in future neutrino factory experiments.Comment: Latex, 10 pages, 5 figure

On super form factors of half-BPS operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills

Open Access, (c) The Authors. Article funded by SCOAP3. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited