Case Study Methods for Teaching Business and Economics Students

Nowadays more and more universities consider to use The case method in improving teaching method in business subjects. Case studies will prove learners and students with basic knowledge and background, for instance, about business situations, then it applies theories to a real situation/event with clear and understandable examples. From various fields such as medical, education to business, marketing and political science, case studies are used to apply global values to local companies. Therefore, it not only help learners to analyze case context but also help them to present many solutions then choose optimal solution

Legal System Reform and Challenges on Assurance of Human Rights Standards in Vietnam

Since the Doi Moi (Vietnam’s economic reform) in 1986 to date, Vietnam has continuously made efforts to reform its legal system to better adapt with requirements to develop in different historical periods. Vietnam considers ensuring fundamental human rights as one of the cross-cutting goals in national development policies and strategies. It is undeniable that the outcomes of legal system reform had a positive impact on all aspects of life and on the assurance of human rights and citizen’s rights in particular. However, due to the effects of e international integration and 4.0 industrial revolution the emergence of new-generation trade agreements (FTAs), the current legal system in Vietnam has revealed certain limitations that need to be improved in order to better guarantee fundamental rights. With the objective to bring about the general picture of legal reform on human rights in the recent years in Vietnam, this article will focus on introducing the legal system and its impact on the assurance of human rights standards and highlighting the priorities that need to be revised

Heritage protection in International Law and Nacional Law: insights into the case of Vietnam

The main subject of this Article is to analyse heritage protection under international law and Vietnamese law. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) is the main agency tasked with safeguarding culture of humanity and unifying the nations to cooperate with each other to achieve the reach of heritage protection. The core widely-recognised UNESCO international instruments of the (UNESCO) provide a framework of international cultural heritage law. In light of the existing international law on heritage protection, the Article provides insights into Vietnamese legislation on the same subject matter. The Article also points out existing flaws in the Vietnam’s legal system of cultural heritage. Even though the Government of Vietnam has adopted a holistic approach in pursuit of the protection and promotion of cultural heritage and traditional values, lack of care and insufficient supports to communities and artists have caused challenges and difficulties to the Vietnamese Government and the needs for reform in the law-making and enforcement processes to redress the balance between heritage protection and economic development demands

CHIRP based adaptive optimal kernal for LIMITED nonstationary signals

Відсутні вибірки та випадкові вибірки нестаціонарних сигналів породжують ар-тефакти, що поширюються як по частоті часу, так і по областях неоднозначності, що призводить до неточної оцінки час-частота. Скориставшись властивістю чірпіння та процесом оптимізації, у статті запропоновано метод, який дає хороший результат час-тотно-часові розподіли, коли ми маємо обмежений сигнал.Missing samples and randomly sampled non-stationary signals give rise to artifacts that spread over both the time-frequency and the ambiguity domains, which results in inaccurate TF estimation. By taking advantage of chirp property and optimization process, the paper has proposed a method that gives good result of TFD when we have limited signal

Time-Frequency Distributions: Approaches for Incomplete Non-Stationary Signals

There are many sources of waveforms or signals existing around us. They can be natural phenomena such as sound, light and invisible like elec- tromagnetic fields, voltage, etc. Getting an insight into these waveforms helps explain the mysteries surrounding our world and the signal spec- tral analysis (i.e. the Fourier transform) is one of the most significant approaches to analyze a signal. Nevertheless, Fourier analysis cannot provide a time-dependent spectrum description for spectrum-varying signals-non-stationary signal. In these cases, time-frequency distribu- tions are employed instead of the traditional Fourier transform. There have been a variety of methods proposed to obtain the time-frequency representations (TFRs) such as the spectrogram or the Wigner-Ville dis- tribution. The time-frequency distributions (TFDs), indeed, offer us a better signal interpretation in a two-dimensional time-frequency plane, which the Fourier transform fails to give. Nevertheless, in the case of incomplete data, the time-frequency displays are obscured by artifacts, and become highly noisy. Therefore, signal time-frequency features are hardly extracted, and cannot be used for further data processing. In this thesis, we propose two methods to deal with compressed observations. The first one applies compressive sensing with a novel chirp dictionary. This method assumes any windowed signal can be approximated by a sum of chirps, and then performs sparse reconstruction from windowed data in the time domain. A few improvements in computational com- plexity are also included. In the second method, fixed kernel as well as adaptive optimal kernels are used. This work is also based on the as- sumption that any windowed signal can be approximately represented by a sum of chirps. Since any chirp ’s auto-terms only occupy a certain area in the ambiguity domain, the kernel can be designed in a way to remove the other regions where auto-terms do not reside. In this manner, not only cross-terms but also missing samples’ artifact are mitigated signifi- cantly. The two proposed approaches bring about a better performance in the time-frequency signature estimations of the signals, which are sim- ulated with both synthetic and real signals. Notice that in this thesis, we only consider the non-stationary signals with frequency changing slowly with time. It is because the signals with rapidly varying frequency are not sparse in time-frequency domain and then the compressive sensing techniques or sparse reconstructions could not be applied. Also, the data with random missing samples are obtained by randomly choosing the samples’ positions and replacing these samples with zeros

The Right to Education for Ethnic Minority Women and Girls in Vietnam

The right to education is a fundamental human right that has been widely recognized by the United Nations and in core international human rights instruments.  Over the years as an active and responsible member of the international community, Vietnam has always worked on amending its laws to fulfill international commitments that would create an equal legal environment for the enjoyment of fundamental rights, including the right to access education. However, given their unique characteristics, ethnic minority women and girls still face discrimination and dual inequalities in their living environment, including those arising from both their ethnicity and gender. Difficulties in accessing education have led to a low percentage of ethnic minority women working in professional and technical jobs; most do simple jobs with low incomes. Barriers to education or employment generally arise due to gender stereotypes and male chauvinism. With this in mind, this article will focus on the following matters to address and resolve issues related to the right to education for ethnic minority women and girls in Vietnam: (i) an analysis of the international legal framework and Vietnam’s law on topics of gender equality in education for ethnic minority women and girls; (ii) a discussion on the reality of adopting rights to education for ethnic minority women and girls in Vietnam; (iii) identification of barriers and challenges that ethnic minority women and girls face when pursuing their educational rights; and (iv) recommendations for Vietnam to ensure the right to education for ethnic minority women and girls in the future.   Keywords: Human rights, minority’s rights, the right to education, gender equality, women’s rights

Effects of imidacloprid and fenobucarb on the dynamics of the psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and on the incidence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

Introduction. The effects of imidacloprid and fenobucarb insecticides on the dynamics of the psyllid Diaphorina citri and on the incidence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( Ca. L. a.), the putative causal agent of Huanglongbing disease (HLB), were studied in a field experiment. Materials and methods. The experimental design consisted of three independent 0.5-ha Citrus orchards planted with disease-free HLB-susceptible orange trees, located in a Citrus producing area seriously affected by HLB. Imidacloprid was applied monthly to the trunks in one orchard at a rate of 0.15 g a.i.·tree –1 ; fenobucarb was sprayed fortnightly in a second orchard at a rate of 250 g a.i.·ha –1. The 3rd orchard was managed as a control without insecticide applications. The total number of adult D. citri specimens and the percentages of trees harbouring psyllid eggs and 5th instar nymphs were monitored at fortnightly intervals in each orchard. Ca. L. a. incidence was assessed in each orchard by PCR at 5 months, 12 months and 24 months after planting. Results. Compared with the control, both the fenobucarb and imidacloprid treatments reduced adult psyllid populations by over 90% and reduced the frequency of trees harbouring eggs and 5th instar nymphs. Only imidacloprid treatments totally prevented development of a new generation of adults from eggs. Two years after planting, the prevalence of Ca. L. a. was 0.939, 0.745 and 0.239 in the control and in the orchards treated with fenobucarb and imidacloprid, respectively. Discussion and conclusion. The results indicated that, although both the insecticides used effectively reduced D.citri populations by killing adults and nymphs and by affecting or preventing psyllid reproduction in orchards, neither of the two insecticide treatments totally prevented transmission of Ca. L. asiaticus. However, due to its long-lasting effect and systemic activity, the imidacloprid treatment provided the best protection against infections, and delayed and slowed down the spread of the pathogen. Furthermore, it reduced the number of pesticide applications needed and left the way open for biological integrated pest management programmes. (Résumé d'auteur

Adaptation of leaf morphology of the Eurycoma longifolia Jack to different site conditions in the province of Thua Thien Hue, Central Vietnam

Leaf area and stomata are important parameters in studies of taxonomic classification since both parameters might reflect the plant adaptation mechanisms to different environmental conditions. This study analyzed Eurycoma longifolia Jack leaf traits in different ecological regions (moisture zone: A Luoi, Bach Ma, Nam Dong; dry zone: Phong Dien) and leaves of seedlings in the nursery. The study used scanners and Images to measure leaf area; imagej and the AxioVision SE64 softwares were used to evaluate stomatal density by separating the lower cuticle through a clear nail polish impression. Our results showed that the leaf area of mature trees from the dry zone is smaller (355.7 and 484.1 cm2/leaf), however, the stomata density is higher than that of the humid area (284.4 and 137.9 stomata/mm2). Under the same nursery conditions, the seedlings' leaf area was similar while seedlings' stomatal density, originated from the dry zone, was lower. Results indicate that the stomatal density changes as an adaptation to changing habitat conditions. This study gives indicates that E. longifolia is a tree species with high adaptability given the leaf morphology changes under a changing climate. Therefore, this tree species should be a priority for planting in order to increase biodiversity in different ecological regions.Đặc điểm diện tích lá và mật độ khí khổng là những thông số quan trọng trong các nghiên cứu phân loại học nhằm phản ánh cơ chế thích nghi của thực vật với điều kiện sống. Vì thế nghiên cứu này đã tiến hành phân tích các đặc điểm của lá cây Bách bệnh (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) từ các vùng khác nhau (A Lưới, Bạch Mã, Nam Đông: vùng ẩm và Phong Điền: vùng khô) và lá cây con của chúng ở vườn ươm. Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng máy quét và ImageJ để đo diện tích lá và phần mềm AxioVision SE64 và ImageJ để đánh giá mật độ khí khổng thông qua tách lớp biểu bì phía dưới lá qua lớp sơn mỏng Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, diện tích lá của cây trưởng thành từ vùng khô nhỏ hơn (355.7 and 484.1 cm2/leaf) nhưng mật độ khí khổng lại lớn hơn so với vùng ẩm (284.4 and 137.9 stomata/mm2). Tuy nhiên, cùng điều kiện sống ở vườn ươm, diện tích lá của cây con tương tự nhau trong khi mật độ khí khổng của cây con có nguồn gốc từ vùng khô lại thấp hơn. Kết quả này chỉ ra rằng sự thay đổi của mật độ khí khổng như là một sự thích nghi với thay đổi của điều kiện môi trường sống. Từ đó nghiên cứu này cho thấy cây Bách bệnh là một loài cây gỗ với khả năng thích nghi cao nhờ sự thay đổi về đặc điểm hình thái lá khi thay đổi khí hậu cho nên loài cây này nên được ưu tiên trong việc gây trồng nhằm tăng cường tính đa dạng cho các vùng sinh thái khác nhau