Sleep scheduling for energy conservation in wireless sensor networks with partial coverage

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Wireless sensor networks, which consist of many sensor devices communicating with each other in order to sense the environment, is an emerging field in the area of wireless networking. The primary objective in these wireless networks is the efficiency of energy consumption. Since these networks consist of a large number of sensors, allowing some of the nodes to sleep intermittently can greatly increase the network lifetime. Furthermore, some applications do not require 100% coverage of the network field and allowing the coverage to drop below 100%, i.e., partial coverage, can further increase the network lifetime. A sleep scheduling algorithm must be distributed, simple, scalable and energy efficient. In this thesis, the problem of designing such an algorithm which extends network lifetime while maintaining a target level of partial coverage is investigated. An algorithm called Distributed Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Algorithm (DASSA) which does not require location information is proposed. The performance of DASSA is compared with an integer linear programming (ILP) based optimum sleep scheduling algorithm, an oblivious algorithm and with an existing algorithm in the literature. DASSA attains network lifetimes up to 89% of the optimum solution, and it achieves significantly longer lifetimes compared with the other two algorithms. Furthermore, the minimum number of sensors that should be deployed in order to satisfy a given partial coverage target with a certain probability while maintaining connectivity is computed and an ILP formulation is presented for finding the minimum number of sensors that should be activated within the set of deployed sensors.Yardibi, TarıkM.S

In vitro effects of doxorubicin and deracoxib on oxidative-stress-related parameters in canine mammary carcinoma cells

The present study evaluated the effects of doxorubicin (DOX) and deracoxib (DER), as single agents and in combination treatments, on antioxidant parameters in the canine mammary carcinoma cell line CMT-U27. The cells were exposed to DOX and DER for 24, 48 and 72 h. The viability and malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and total glutathione (GSH) activities of CMT-U27 cells were determined. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of DOX was found to be ∼0.9 μM in the 72-h period. IC50 and 1/10 IC50 concentrations of DOX were combined with all concentrations of DER (50–1000 μM) in the combination experiments. The results showed increased oxidative status associated with significant decreases of CAT and GSH levels in CMT-U27 cells exposed to 10-μM and higher concentrations of DOX compared to control cells. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the groups tested with any of the concentrations of DER (50–1000 μM). In combination treatments, DER attenuated DOX-induced oxidative damage by modulating the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components in CMT-U27 cells. We suggest that the combination of DOX and DER can be beneficial in the treatment of cancer cells by increasing cellular responses to oxidative stress. In conclusion, the use of COX inhibitor in conjunction with a chemotherapeutic agent may provide a basis for new concepts of cancer treatment through systematic modulation of the antioxidant defence systems in mammary cancers of animals

Faunistic studies on species of buprestidae, cerambycidae and curculionidae (coleoptera) in Karabük province

Bu çalışma ile Karabük ili Buprestidae, Cerambycidae ve Curculionidae (Coleoptera) faunasının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2008-2009 yıllarında Merkez, Eskipazar, Ovacık, Safranbolu ve Yenice’de yürütülen arazi çalışmaları sonucunda Buprestidae’den 11, Cerambycidae’den 20 ve Curculionidae’den de 9 olmak üzere toplam 40 tür ve alttür tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerden; Chalcophora mariana (Linnaeus), Anthaxia nigrojubata nigrojubata Roubal, Buprestis haemorrhoidalis araratica Marseul, Buprestis octoguttata Linnaeus, Prionus coriarius (Linnaeus), Rhagium inquisitor (Linnaeus), Chlorophorus robustior Pic, Purpuricenus budensis (Gotz), Larinus latus (Herbst) ve Larinus syriacus Gyllenhal türleri diğerlerinden daha yüksek populasyon oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada belirlenen Buprestidae ve Cerambycidae türlerinin hemen hemen tamamı özellikle orman ağaçlarında zarar yapan türler durumunda iken, Curculionidae türleri Pissodes piceae (Illiger) hariç, Cardueae (Asteraceae) tribüsüne mensup bazı yabancı otların biyolojik mücadelesinde büyük önem arz etmektedir.Aim of this study is to determine fauna of the families of Buprestidae, Cerambycidae and Curculionidae (Coleoptera) in the province of Karabük. Field investigations were conducted in central Province, Eskipazar, Ovacık, Safranbolu, and Yenice districts in 2008 and 2009. Totally 40 species and subspecies were determined belonging to Buprestidae (11 species), Cerambycidae (20) and Curculionidae (9) families in this study. Of the species, Chalcophora mariana (Linnaeus), Anthaxia nigrojubata nigrojubata Roubal, Buprestis haemorrhoidalis araratica Marseul, Buprestis octoguttata Linnaeus, Prionus coriarius (Linnaeus), Rhagium inquisitor (Linnaeus), Chlorophorus robustior Pic, Purpuricenus budensis (Gotz), Larinus latus (Herbst) and Larinus syriacus Gyllenhal are having higher population than others. In this study, while nearly all species belonging to Buprestidae and Cerambycidae are forest pest, species of the Curculionidae except for Pissodes piceae (Illiger) are important potential biological control agents for some weeds in the tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae)

A distributed activity scheduling algorithm for wireless sensor networks with partial coverage

One of the most important design objectives in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is minimizing the energy consumption since these networks are expected to operate in harsh conditions where the recharging of batteries is impractical, if not impossible. The sleep scheduling mechanism allows sensors to sleep intermittently in order to reduce energy consumption and extend network lifetime. In applications where 100% coverage of the network field is not crucial, allowing the coverage to drop below full coverage while keeping above a predetermined threshold, i.e., partial coverage, can further increase the networklifetime. In this paper, we develop the distributed adaptivesleep scheduling algorithm (DASSA) for WSNs with partial coverage. DASSA does not require locationinformation of sensors while maintaining connectivity andsatisfying a user defined coverage target. In DASSA, nodesuse the residual energy levels and feedback from the sinkfor scheduling the activity of their neighbors. This feedbackmechanism reduces the randomness in scheduling thatwould otherwise occur due to the absence of locationinformation. The performance of DASSA is compared withan integer linear programming (ILP) based centralizedsleep scheduling algorithm (CSSA), which is devised tofind the maximum number of rounds the network cansurvive assuming that the location information of all sensorsis available. DASSA is also compared with thedecentralized DGT algorithm. DASSA attains networklifetimes up to 92% of the centralized solution and it achieves significantly longer lifetimes compared with the DGT algorithm. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2008

BTN1A1 , FABP3 and TG genes polymorphism in East Anatolian red cattle breed and South Anatolian red cattle breed

The aim of the study was to determine butyrophilin, thyroglobulin and fatty acid binding protein genes in East Anatolian Red cattle breed and South Anatolian Red cattle breed. In the study, unrelated 50 South Anatolian red and 50 East Anatolian red cattle were used. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood using standart salt-out protocol. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used for gene amplification. Allele and genotype distribution and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by using PopGene32 software program. For BTN1A1 gene, A allele frequency was higher in East Anatolian red (EAR) and South Anatolian red (SAR) cattles. In TG gene, T allele frequency was higher in SAR breed but this frequency was lower in EAR cattle breed. For FABP3 gene, G allele frequency was lower in SAR breed but it was higher in EAR breed. The presented results should be confirmed in future investigations, taking into consideration all possible genotype at different loci and using other restriction enzymes for recognizing the variants.Keywords: BTN1A1, TG, FABP3, cattle, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lenght polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2802-280

A Comparative Study of a 1/4-Scale Gulfstream G550 Aircraft Nose Gear Model

A series of fluid dynamic and aeroacoustic wind tunnel experiments are performed at the University of Florida Aeroacoustic Flow Facility and the NASA-Langley Basic Aerodynamic Research Tunnel Facility on a high-fidelity -scale model of Gulfstream G550 aircraft nose gear. The primary objectives of this study are to obtain a comprehensive aeroacoustic dataset for a nose landing gear and to provide a clearer understanding of landing gear contributions to overall airframe noise of commercial aircraft during landing configurations. Data measurement and analysis consist of mean and fluctuating model surface pressure, noise source localization maps using a large-aperture microphone directional array, and the determination of far field noise level spectra using a linear array of free field microphones. A total of 24 test runs are performed, consisting of four model assembly configurations, each of which is subjected to three test section speeds, in two different test section orientations. The different model assembly configurations vary in complexity from a fully-dressed to a partially-dressed geometry. The two model orientations provide flyover and sideline views from the perspective of a phased acoustic array for noise source localization via beamforming. Results show that the torque arm section of the model exhibits the highest rms pressures for all model configurations, which is also evidenced in the sideline view noise source maps for the partially-dressed model geometries. Analysis of acoustic spectra data from the linear array microphones shows a slight decrease in sound pressure levels at mid to high frequencies for the partially-dressed cavity open model configuration. In addition, far field sound pressure level spectra scale approximately with the 6th power of velocity and do not exhibit traditional Strouhal number scaling behavior

The trend of breeding value research in animal science: bibliometric analysis

This study aims to identify trends and hot topics in breeding value to support researchers in finding new directions for future research in that area. The data of this study consist of 7072 academic studies on breeding value in the Web of Science database. Network visualizations and in-depth bibliometric analysis were performed on cited references, authors, countries, institutions, journals, and keywords through CiteSpace. VanRaden (2008) is the most cited work and has an essential place in the field. The most prolific writer is Ignacy Misztal. While the most productive country in breeding value studies is the United States, the People's Republic of China is an influential country that has experienced a strong citation burst in the last 3 years. The National Institute for Agricultural Research and Wageningen University are important institutions that play a critical role in connecting other institutions. Also, these two institutions have the highest centrality values. “Genomic prediction” is the outstanding sub-study field in the active clusters appearing in the analysis results. We have summarized the literature on breeding value, including publication information, country, institution, author, and journal. We can say that hot topics today are “genome-wide association”, “feed efficiency”, and “genomic prediction”. While the studies conducted in the past years have focused on economic value and accuracy, the studies conducted in recent years have started to be studies that consider technological developments and changing world conditions such as global warming and carbon emission.</p

Genotipske i alelske frekvencije polimorfizama u ABCG2, PPARGC1A i OLR1 genima kod domaćih rasa goveda u Turskoj

This study was carried out to determine polymorphisms of four genes in South Anatolian Red (SAR) and East Anatolian Red (EAR) indigenous cattle breeds in Turkey. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mtor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene and g.8232C&gt;A in oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) gene. The frequency of the ancestral allele A of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism was found to be very high (SAR: 0.63; EAR: 0.64) in both cattle breeds. The CC genotypes of PPARGC1A gene c.1892T&gt;C (SAR: 0.65; EAR: 0.80) and OLR1 gene g.8232C&gt;A polymorphisms (SAR: 0.82; EAR: 0.86), which are associated with high milk fat percentage, had higher frequencies than those of the other genotypes. In conclusion, onitored in this study are Y581S in ATP binding cassette sub family G member 2 (ABCG2) gene, c.1892T&gt;C and c.3359A&gt;C in peroxisome proliferator-activated recepwe might suggest that the allele distribution of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism can be the evidence indicating autosomal gene flow from zebu cattle to SAR and EAR cattle breeds.Studija je obavljena u cilju određivanja polimorfi zma četiri gena kod južne anadolijske crvene (SAR) i istočne anadolijske crvene (EAR) domaće rase goveda u Turskoj. Pojedinačni nukleotidni polimorfi zmi (SNPs) koji su posmatrani u ovoj studiji su Y581S u ATP vezujućoj kaseti podfamilije G člana 2 (ABCG2) gena, c.1892T>C i c.3359A>C u PPARGC1A genu i g.8232C>A u genu za oksidisani lipoproteinski receptor male gustine (OLR1). Ustanovljeno je da je učestalost polimorfi zma alela A predaka ABCG2 gena Y581S veoma visoka (SAR: 0.63; EAR:0.64) i to kod obe rase goveda. Učestalost polimorfi zama CC genotipova PPARGC1A gena c. 1982T>C (SAR: 0.65; EAR: 0.80) i OLR1 gena g.8232C>A (SAR: 0.82; EAR: 0.86) koji su povezani sa visokim procentom masti u mleku, bile su veće u poređenju sa drugim genotipovima. U zaključku može da se sugeriše da distribucija polimorfi zma alela ABCG2 gena Y581S može da bude pokazatelj putanje autozomnog gena od zebu govečeta do SAR i EAR rasa goveda