NOISE REMOVAL FOR PIECEWISE POLYNOMIAL SIGNALS BASED ON PARTICAL SWARM OPTIMİZATION

Parçalı sürekli yapıdaki sinyallerin üzerindeki gürültünün bastırımı amacıyla parçacık sürüsü optimizasyon tekniğinin kullanıldığı bir teknik geliştirilmiştir. Model sinyal olarak parçaların başlangıç noktaları ve her bir parçanın az sayıda parametreyle tanımlandığı bir sinyal kümesi kullanılmıştır. Önerilen yaklaşımda, parça sayısının bilindiği durumda yerel en iyi konumlandırmalardan kaçınmak amacıyla, parçalar arasındaki optimal geçiş sınırları Parçacık Sürüsü Optimizasyonu (PSO) ile bulunur. Her bir parça içerisindeki sinyal parametreleri ise optimal geçiş sınırlarına bağlı olarak En Büyük Olabilirlik (EBO) kestirimiyle elde edilir. Önerilen algoritma geçiş sınırlarının sayısı bilinmediği durumlarda kullanılabilecek şekilde genelleştirilmiştir. Sıklıkla kullanılan ve başarımı yüksek diğer tekniklerle yapılan kıyaslama sonunda önerilen tekniğin önemli başarım artışı sağladığı gösterilmiştir. Piecewise smooth signal denoising is cast as a non-linear optimization problem in terms of transition boundaries and a parametric signal family. To avoid locally optimal placement of boundaries, optimal positions of transition boundaries for a given number of transitions are obtained by using particle swarm optimization. The piecewise smooth section parameters are obtained as the maximum likelihood estimates conditioned on the optimal transition boundaries. The proposed algorithm is extended to the case where the number of transition boundaries are unknown by sequentially increasing number of sections until the residual error is at the level of noise standard deviation. Performance comparison with the state of the art techniques reveals the important advantages of the proposed technique

SİVAS KENT İÇME SUYU ŞEBEKESİNDEKİ SU KAYIPLARI VE KAYIP ORANINI AZALTMA ÇALIŞMALARI

Esentepe‐Yunus Emre Districts located at the city center of Sivas have been selected as pilot area within the scope of this study and water loss‐leakage ratios of the existent potable water network in this pilot work area have been determined.  Primarily, district boundaries have been established at first step of the systematic water loss‐leak detection works. Subsequently subscriber consumptions have been obtained and simultaneous flow and pressure gauging has been carried out before the loss‐leak detection works had started. Later on,  leak detection works at the pilot area have been performed together with the leak detection equipments and 7 item of network defects have been located. Simultaneous flow and pressure gauging has been carried out again after these located defects causing water loss had been repaired. Conclusions obtained before and after the loss‐leak detection works have been assessed as a whole and water loss‐leakage ratios within the pilot work area have been determined. As a result, loss‐leak ratio of 40.43 % within the existent potable water network before the loss‐leak detection works has been decreased to the  loss‐leak ratio of 27,22  % in the end of the works done and a water benefit of 13,21 % has been enabled.  Besides, loss‐leak ratio of nearly 70 % has been decreased down to 30 % with the other works carried out throughout the city in the last 5 years. As aresult of this study, it has been observed that this ratio would be reduced more in case the pilot works carried out in the districts were generalised throughout the city of Sivas. Bu çalışmada, Sivas kent merkezinde yer alan Esentepe‐Yunus Emre Mahalleleri pilot bölge çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiş ve çalışma alanında bulunan içme suyu şebekesindeki kayıp‐kaçak oranları belirlenmiştir. Kayıp‐kaçak arama çalışması kapsamında öncelikli olarak mahalle sınırları belirlenmiş, abone sarfiyatları tespit edilmiş ve kayıp‐kaçak arama çalışmaları öncesinde eş zamanlı olarak debi ve basınç ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Daha sonra çalışma alanında su kaçağı arama ekipmanları ile kaçak arama çalışması yapılmış ve 7 adet şebeke arızası tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen ve su kayıbına sebep olan bu arızalar tamir edildikten sonra eş zamanlı olarak debi ve basınç ölçümleri tekrar yapılmıştır. Kayıp‐kaçak arama öncesinde ve sonrasındaki ölçüm sonuçları birlikte değerlendirilerek çalışma alanındaki kayıp‐kaçak oranları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; kayıp‐kaçak arama çalışmaları öncesinde çalışma alanında mevcut içme suyu şebekesindeki kayıp‐kaçak oranı % 40,43 iken, yapılan çalışma sonunda kayıp‐kaçak oranı % 27,22’ye düşürülmüş ve % 13,21’lik bir su kazancı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca kent genelinde yapılan diğer çalışmalarla birlikte kayıp kaçak oranı son 5 yılda yaklaşık  % 70’den  % 30’a düşürülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda pilot mahallelerde yapılan çalışmaların genele yayılması halinde oranın daha aşağılara düşeceği görülmüştür.

Changes in novel gastrointestinal and renal injury markers in the blood plasma of sheep following increasing intravenous doses of tolfenamic acid

The administration of high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as tolfenamic acid (TA), has undesirable effects on different organs. Some novel biomarkers have been reported that can determine the gastrointestinal and renal injury caused by a high dose of NSAIDs or other toxic substances. This study was aimed at determining the changes in gastrointestinal (TFF2 and HYP), renal (NGAL and KIM-1) and cardiac (cTn-I, CK-MB) injury markers after the use of increasing intravenous doses of TA in sheep. TA was administered intravenously to groups of six sheep each, at the dose levels of 0 (Group 0, i.e., G0), 2 (G2), 4 (G4), 8 (G8) and 16 (G16) mg/kg. The concentrations of the studied biomarkers were measured at 3, 9, 18 and 36 h after administration of TA. The TFF2 and NGAL concentrations in G16 were found to be significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in the other groups except for G8 at different sampling times. HYP concentration in G16 was observed to be significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that in all other groups at 36 h. KIM-1 level in G16 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in all other groups at different sampling times. An increase in the renal markers, KIM-1 and NGAL, in G8 was observed before any change in plasma creatinine and urea. The cardiac marker cTn-I in G16 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in other groups at different sampling times. The results showed that the novel biomarkers (HYP, TFF2, NGAL, and KIM-1) can be used to determine gastric and renal injury in sheep

Doxycycline plus streptomycin versus ciprofloxacin plus rifampicin in spinal brucellosis [ISRCTN31053647]

Background: The optimal treatment regimen and duration of the therapy is still controversial in spinal brucellosis. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy, adverse drug reactions, complications and cost of ciprofloxacin plus rifampicin versus doxycycline plus streptomycin in the treatment of spinal brucellosis

Gastroenterology Cases of Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

Rarely, leukocytoclastic vasculitis can result from ischemic colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cryoglobulinemia. There is no established standard for the treatment of leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with gastroenterologic diseases. This paper presents three cases of leukoytoclastic vasculitis, each of which is associated with a different gastroenterologic condition: ischemic colitis, Crohn’s disease, and chronic hepatitis C. Each condition went into remission by treatment of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, regardless of the underlying disease

Relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and coronary angiographic findings: a prospective study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Since cardiovascular diseases are associated with high mortality and generally undiagnosed before the onset of clinical findings, there is a need for a reliable tool for early diagnosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a non-invasive marker of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is widely used in practice as an inexpensive, reliable, and reproducible method. In the current study, we aimed to investigate prospectively the relationship of CIMT with the presence and extent of significant coronary artery narrowing in patients evaluated by coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>One hundred consecutive patients with stable angina pectoris and documented ischemia on a stress test were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the result of the coronary angiography: group 1 (39 patients) without a noncritical coronary lesion, and group 2 (61 patients) having at least one lesion more than 50% within the main branches of the coronary arteries. All of the patients underwent carotid Doppler ultrasound examination for measurement of the CIMT by a radiologist blinded to the angiographic data.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean CIMT was 0.78 ± 0.21 mm in Group 1, while it was 1.48 ± 0.28 mm in Group 2 (p = 0.001). The mean CIMT in patients with single vessel disease, multi-vessel disease, and left main coronary artery disease were significantly higher compared to Group 1 (1.2 ± 0.34 mm, p = 0.02; 1.6 ± 0.32 mm, p = 0.001; and 1.8 ± 0.31 mm, p = 0.0001, respectively). Logistic regression analysis identified CIMT (OR 4.3, p < 0.001) and hypertension (OR 2.4, p = 0.04) as the most important factors for predicting CAD.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings of this study show that increase in CIMT is associated with the presence and extent of CAD. In conclusion, we demonstrated the usefulness of carotid intima-media thickness in predicting coronary artery disease but large-scale studies are required to define its role in clinical practice.</p

Seismic Constraints on Helium Abundances from the TESS Southern CVZ

Poster for Cool Stars 21 Stellar helium abundances strongly determine their structure and evolution. However, since helium cannot be detected directly in the photospheres of cool stars, helium abundances are one of the most poorly-constrained inputs to stellar models. It is therefore typical to assume a relationship with the initial abundances of other heavy elements, typically of linear form described by a gradient ΔY/ΔZ. Attempts to determine from globular-cluster stellar populations and Galactic H-II regions have so far not yielded any consensus about empirically reasonable values of ΔY/ΔZ, or, for that matter, even whether such a linear relation is observationally justifiable. Separately, asteroseismology permits the inference of stellar helium abundances, either directly through acoustic-glitch measurements, or indirectly through the forward modelling of stellar oscillation mode frequencies. Using constraints on the initial helium abundance derived from ensemble asteroseismology and stellar forward modelling against individual mode frequencies of a collection of field stars in the TESS, Kepler, and K2 fields, we characterise the helium-metallicity relation of the brightest cool stars in the solar neighbourhood. We find a large spread of seismic initial helium abundances for any given metallicity, rather than a single well-defined linear enrichment law

Catheter-related bacteremia due to Kocuria rosea in a patient undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation

BACKGROUND: Micrococcus species may cause intracranial abscesses, meningitis, pneumonia, and septic arthritis in immunosuppressed or immunocompetent hosts. In addition, strains identified as Micrococcus spp. have been reported recently in infections associated with indwelling intravenous lines, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis fluids, ventricular shunts and prosthetic valves. CASE PRESENTATION: We report on the first case of a catheter-related bacteremia caused by Kocuria rosea, a gram-positive microorganism belonging to the family Micrococcaceae, in a 39-year-old man undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation due to relapsed Hodgkin disease. This uncommon pathogen may cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. CONCLUSIONS: This report presents a case of Kocuria rosea catheter related bacteremia after stem cell transplantation successfully treated with vancomycin and by catheter removal

Sepsis and Meningitis due to Listeria Monocytogenes

Purpose: This study focused on the effect of immuno-compromising conditions on the clinical presentation of severe listerial infection. Patients and Methods: Nine human listeriosis cases seen from 1991-2002 were reviewed. All adult patients, from whose blood, peritoneal fluid or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the L. monocytogenes was isolated, were included in this retrospective study. Results: Listeriosis presented as primary sepsis with positive blood cultures in 5 cases and meningitis with positive CSF cultures in 4 cases. All of these patients had at least one underlying disease, most commonly, hematologic malignancy, diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis and hepatic cirrhosis; 55.6% had received immunosuppressive or corticosteroid therapy within a week before the onset of listeriosis. The patients were adults with a mean age of 60 years. Fever, night sweats, chills and lethargy were the most common symptoms; high temperature (> 38 degrees C), tachycardia, meningeal signs and poor conditions in general were the most common findings on admission. The mortality rate was 33.3% and was strictly associated with the severity of the underlying disease. Mortality differences were significant between sepsis (20%) and meningitis (50%) patients. Conclusion: Listeriosis as an uncommon infection in our region and that immunesuppressive therapy is an important pre-disposing factor of listeriosis. Sepsis and meningitis were more common in this group of patients and had the highest case-fatality rate for food-bome illnesses

TESS Asteroseismology of α\alpha Mensae: Benchmark Ages for a G7 Dwarf and its M-dwarf Companion

Asteroseismology of bright stars has become increasingly important as a method to determine fundamental properties (in particular ages) of stars. The Kepler Space Telescope initiated a revolution by detecting oscillations in more than 500 main-sequence and subgiant stars. However, most Kepler stars are faint, and therefore have limited constraints from independent methods such as long-baseline interferometry. Here, we present the discovery of solar-like oscillations in $\alpha$ Men A, a naked-eye (V=5.1) G7 dwarf in TESS's Southern Continuous Viewing Zone. Using a combination of astrometry, spectroscopy, and asteroseismology, we precisely characterize the solar analog alpha Men A (Teff = 5569 +/- 62 K, R = 0.960 +/- 0.016 Rsun, M = 0.964 +/- 0.045 Msun). To characterize the fully convective M dwarf companion, we derive empirical relations to estimate mass, radius, and temperature given the absolute Gaia magnitude and metallicity, yielding M = 0.169 +/- 0.006, R = 0.19 +/- 0.01 and Teff = 3054 +/- 44 K. Our asteroseismic age of 6.2 +/- 1.4 (stat) +/- 0.6 (sys) Gyr for the primary places $\alpha$ Men B within a small population of M dwarfs with precisely measured ages. We combined multiple ground-based spectroscopy surveys to reveal an activity cycle of 13.1 +/- 1.1 years, a period similar to that observed in the Sun. We used different gyrochronology models with the asteroseismic age to estimate a rotation period of ~30 days for the primary. Alpha Men A is now the closest (d=10pc) solar analog with a precise asteroseismic age from space-based photometry, making it a prime target for next-generation direct imaging missions searching for true Earth analogs.Comment: Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal; 15 pages, 10 figure