The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of oxidant/antioxidant status and protein oxidation in the development of age-related macular degeneration. METHOD: The activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the levels of serum malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, glutathione and vitamin C were measured in 25 patients with age-related macular degeneration and 25 control subjects without age-related macular degeneration. RESULT: The malondialdehyde and advanced oxidation protein product levels in the serum were significantly higher in the age-related macular degeneration patient group than in the control group (p<0.05). The superoxide dismutase activity in the serum was significantly lower in the age-related macular degeneration patient group than in the control group (p<0.05). The levels of vitamin C and glutathione and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the serum were unchanged between groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that decreased effectiveness of the antioxidant defense system and increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration

TÜKETİMDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET: KÜRESEL BİR SALGIN (COVID-19) SONRASI YAŞANAN DEĞİŞİMLER

ÖZ: Genellikle insanlar doğumdan itibaren toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine maruz kalarak ilerleyen yaşantılarında bu roller doğrultusunda tüketim tercihlerini ve kararlarını belirlemeye çalışmaktadır. Toplumdan topluma değişen söz konusu bu roller, kişilerin vereceği tüketim kararlarında etkili bir pozisyonda yer almasını sağlayabilir. Ancak daha önce yapılmış çalışmalar, küresel bir şokun tüketimler üzerinde bireylerin benzer tüketim tercihlerinde bulunulduğunu göstermiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 salgını ile birlikte toplumun cinsiyetlere yüklediği rollere ait tüketim kalıplarının genç yetişkinler üzerindeki değişiminin ne şekilde yaşandığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma tekniklerinden derinlemesine mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi bünyesinde yer alan bölümlerdeki (işletme, iktisat, kamu yönetimi, siyaset bilimleri ve uluslararası ilişkiler) 40 öğrenci ile bu görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak küresel salgınla birlikte toplumsal cinsiyet algısına aykırı satın alımlar gerçekleştiren katılımcıların son derece az oluşu hatta genç yetişkinlerin büyük çoğunluğunun toplumsal cinsiyete bağlı tüketim yapmadıkları ve buna karşı oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. ABSTRACT: People are often exposed to gender roles from birth to determine consumption preferences and decisions in line with these roles in their future lives. These roles, which have changed from society to society, can enable people to take an effective position in the decisions of consumption. However, previous studies have shown that individuals have similar consumption preferences on the consumption of a global shock.In this context, the aim of the study is to demonstrate the way that the consumption patterns of the roles that society has put into the gender, along with the Covid-19 epidemic, have changed on young adults. Indepth interview technique from qualitative research techniques was used as a method of research. These meetings were held with 40 students in the departments of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences (business, economics, public administration, political sciences and international relations) of Muğla Sitki Kocman University within the scope of the study. As a result, participants who have made procurement against the perception of gender with the global outbreak have been extremely low, and even the majority of young adults have shown that they do not consume and oppose gender-dependent consumption

A psoriatic arthritis patient who developed hypertriglyceridemia while receiving adalimumab treatment

Anti-TNF agents have prominent effect on inflammatory diseases and they probably have various effects on lipid metabolism. Adalimumab (ADA) is the first fully human TNF-alfa antagonist. Our study presents a male patient who developed evident hypertriglyceridemia while receiving ADA treatment. We retrospectively collected data of one psoriatic arthritis patient treated with adalimumab at the University Hospital of Recep Tayyip Erdogan (November 2016). Adalimumab treatment significantly increased triglyceride from 278mg/dl to 4046mg/dl. The influence of adalimumab treatment on lipid profile seems to be proatherogenic, but further investigation is needed to confirm this hypothesis

Yatırım ve Finansman Kararlarının Piyasa Değerine Etkisi The Impact of Investment and Financing Decisions on Market Value in Turkey

Yatırım ve finansman kararlarının etkinliği, sermaye maliyetinin düşürülmesi ve bunun sonucunda piyasa değerinin maksimize edilmesinde belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çerçevede, firmaların finansal performanslarını arttırarak, sürdürebilir rekabet avantajlarını koruma istekleri yatırım ile finansman kararlarının ve ilgili göstergelerin piyasa değeri üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılmasını önemli ve gerekli kılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yatırım ve finansman kararlarının piyasa değerine etkisini analiz ederek, ilgili kararların piyasa değerini hangi yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla, çalışmada 2010-2014 yılları arasında verilerine düzenli olarak ulaşılabilen halka açık 274 reel sektör firması alınmış ve panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, yatırım kararlarını verimlilik düzeyinde açıklayan değişkenlerden maddi duran varlık devir hızı ve yeniden yatırım oranı ile karlılık düzeyinde açıklayan aktif karlılık oranı değişkenlerinin firmaların piyasa değeri üzerinde olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu görülmektedir. Yatırım kararlarını, verimlilik düzeyinde açıklayan borç ve aktif devir hızı oranlarının piyasa değerini negatif etkilediği, alacak ve stok devir hızının ise piyasa değerine etki etmediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, finansman kararlarını temsil eden sermaye yapısı ve likidite düzeyinin ise ilgili dönemde firmaların piyasa değeri üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. The effectiveness of investment and financing decisions has a decisive role in lowering the cost of capital and, ultimately in maximizing market value. It is significant and necessary to explore the impact of investing, financing decisions and relevant indicators on market value with considering firms' financial performance and protecting their sustainable competitive advantage. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of investing and financing decisions on the market value and to determine in which direction these relevant decisions affect the market value. For this purpose, 274 real public sector firms, which are regularly accessible during 2010-2014 have been selected and panel data analysis have been utilized. Findings state that asset turnover rate, the rate of reinvestment variable which explain the investment decisions at the level of productivity, and the return on assets have a positive effect on the market value of the firms. Furthermore, debt turnover rate and the asset turnover rate which explain the investment decisions at the level of productivity negatively affect the market value, while the receivables turnover and stock turnover ratios have no effect. Additionally, capital structure and liquidity level representing financing decisions have been found no significant effect on the market value

The evaluation of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is considered a cause of conditions such as depression and eating disorders, and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Material and methods: This study was conducted as a prospective study at Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The study included 73 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies (32 pregnant women with HG and 41 pregnant women without hyperemesis). Serum BDNF levels were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean age of the study group was 27.3 ± 3.5 years and the body mass index (BMI) was 22.4 ± 2.7 kg/m2. There is no statistically significant difference between the study group and the control group in terms of demographic data (p &gt; 0.05). The pregnant women with HG were found to have significantly higher serum BDNF levels compared to the control group (349.1 ± 94.6 pg/mL vs 292. 3± 86.01, p = 0.009) Conclusions: Serum BDNF levels that are low in psychiatric disorders such as depression or anxiety were found as high in pregnant women with HG

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely