Potential of Wind Speed for Wind Power Generation In Perlis, Northern Malaysia

 This paper presents an analysis of the wind speed characteristics in Perlis, Northern Malaysia for the year of 2006. The characteristics consist of daily, monthly and annual mean wind speed. The Weibull distribution function is applied to analyze the wind speed characteristics and used to calculate the wind power generation potential. Potential of wind power generation is observed and analyzed during 24 hours (9th March 2011). The analysis result of monthly mean wind power and energy density show that the early (January to march) and the end (December) of year have a high wind power and energy potential, but the middle of year they are very low, it is necessary to develop  a special wind power generation capable of harnessing the little wind resource available in Perlis. Observation during 24 hours (9th March 2011), for a 24 V wind power generation gives 10% of its total output voltage

Dye Solar Cell Using Syzigium Oleina Organic Dye

AbstractDye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is another type of solar cell that utilise the use of a Dye as to absorp more sun rays on solar cells and to direct solar irradiance in it as to circulate electron process like in a conventional diode. The components used to build a DSSC can be divided into 4 parts from making the substrate in this case the TiO2 as the anode and Carbon as the cathode, soaking it in Dye which act as absorption mechanism, adding of electrolyte and finally assembling them as a unit of solar cell. The process of solar absorption works as the photons from the sun molecular works similarly as in photosynthesis of green leaves. This paper proposed the use of Syzigium Oleina fruit as dye. Syzigium Oleina is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. The genus comprises about 1100 species, and has a native range that extends from Africa and Madagascar through southern Asia east through the Pacific. The usage of Syzigium Oleina as Dye compared to blueberries shows higher solar irradiance absorption and can be used as alternative of other types of organic berries

Three Level Single Phase Photovoltaic and Wind Power Hybrid Inverter

AbstractThis paper presents a new topology of three-level single phase photovoltaic (PV) and wind power hybrid inverter. It consists of three main circuits; they are a hybrid controller circuit, a charger circuit, a pulse driver and full bridge circuit. The inverter is installed in front of Electrical Energy and Industrial Electronic Systems (EEIES) Cluster, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Northern Malaysia. Its main energy source is a PV array and wind power generation. In this research, AC three-level waveform and square wave single phase PV and wind power hybrid inverter are developed and created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P and analyzed their performance comparisons. The result shows that the AC waveform which is formed by the PV and wind power hybrid inverter will effect on AC load rms voltage, AC current and current total harmonic distortion (CTHD), for a load of 20W 220V 50Hz AC water pump, its AC load rms voltage and current are higher when the single phase PV and wind power hybrid inverter is formed as AC square wave than as AC three-level waveform, but the CTHD is lower when the single phase PV and wind power hybrid inverter is formed as AC three-level waveform than as AC square wave

An Estimation of Solar Radiation using Robust Linear Regression Method

AbstractThe air temperature data is the most important component to estimate the solar radiation in photovoltaic systems. From the Malaysia Meteorological Department, the data of air temperature and solar radiation can be found the hourly, daily, monthly and also the annually. Based on solar radiation data for the past 26 years, the average monthly solar radiation was 5009.56 Wh/m2. It was greater than the normal solar radiation (3 kWh/m2), which indicates that the sky in Perlis was clear and very high solar radiation intensity for the months in the past 26 years. This paper presents an investigation of a relationship between solar radiation and temperature in Perlis, Northern Malaysia for the year of 2006. The Least Trimmed Squares (LTS) robust regression model was selected to estimate the solar radiation since the robust method is do not breakdown easily and are not much influenced by outliers

Photovoltaic Powered T-Shirt Folding Machine

AbstractEasy T-Shirt Folding Machine is an automatic motor controlled t-shirt folding machine powered by a photovoltaic system. The aim of this project is to fold t-shirts merely by pressing a button. The folding machine is fully automatic where one has to place the t-shirt on the folding tray and press the button. It will then fold the t-shirt by itself. This system uses four DC motors to control the motion of the folding part. Usually, a person uses conventional method to fold the clothes which by hand folding. Many problems usually faced by working women who is unable to manage time for house hold chores The purpose of this project is to introduce an easy and fully automatic t-shirt folding machine. In this propose system, a DC motor are attached to the folding motion and rotates according to a program which uses microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the overall motion of the folding. The overall system is powered by a photovoltaic system. Result shows that by using this system, the time for folding clothes by human can be cut down in half compared to conventional method

Investigation of the Effect Temperature on Photovoltaic (PV) Panel Output Performance

The main limit of PV systems is the low conversion efficiency of PV panels, which is strongly influenced by their operating temperature. Lack of accuracy in consideration through PV panel temperature increases the financial risk of system installation. This present study investigates the effects of operating temperature on monocrystalline PV panel at Perlis, Malaysia. A selected model of PV panel firstly was simulated using PVSYST software in order to evaluate its output performance. Meanwhile, PROVA 200 used to measure and record all electrical data for outdoor experimental during the sunniest day. Besides, the thermal distribution was analysed through PV panel temperatures and thermal imaging. Simulation results implied that the output power of PV panel decreases with increasing of its working temperature followed by the efficiency. The experimental results obviously show that the STC parameters do not represent the real operating conditions of PV panel for outdoor conditions. Less output power was produced affected by the atmospheric factors such as solar irradiance and ambient temperature. These both factors strongly affected the PV panel temperature distribution. In short, the elevating of PV panel temperature contributed to the negative impact on output performance of the panel

Temperature Distribution of Three-Dimensional Photovoltaic Panel by Using Finite Element Simulation

The low electricity performance of a photovoltaic (PV) panel has been concerned in the PV application system. The effect of environmental and operating condition was affected the performance of the PV panel. In this research work, the main objective is to perform a three-dimensional geometry model of monocrystalline silicon PV panel with and without cooling system by using finite element method. In the case of a cooling system, the effect of the Direct Current (DC) fan flow rate on the temperature distribution of PV panel was investigated. The electrical behaviour of this PV panel is obtained based on the average temperature of the PV panel obtained and average solar irradiance from site location. According to the experimental results, PV panel with cooling system can be significant to provide better performance than the PV panel without cooling system in the same environmental condition. For the effect of flow rate of DC fan in the PV panel with cooling system, the performance of this PV panel has been improved as increasing in flow rate of DC fan

Cooling on Photovoltaic Panel Using Forced Air Convection Induced by DC Fan

Photovoltaic (PV) panel is the heart of solar system generally has a low energy conversion efficiency available in the market. PV panel temperature control is the main key to keeping the PV panel operate efficiently. This paper presented the great influenced of the cooling system in reduced PV panel temperature. A cooling system has been developed based on forced convection induced by DC fan as cooling mechanism. DC fan was attached at the back side of PV panel will extract the heat energy distributed and cool down the PV panel. The working operation of DC fan controlled by PIC18F4550 microcontroller which depending on the average value of PV panel temperature. Experiments were performed with and without cooling mechanism attached at the backside PV panel. The whole PV system was subsequently evaluated in outdoor weather conditions. As a result, it is concluded that there is an optimum number of DC fans required as cooling mechanism in producing efficient electrical output from a PV panel. The study clearly shows how cooling mechanism improves the performance of PV panel at the hot climatic weather. In short, the reduction of PV panel temperature is very important to keep its performance operated efficiently

Wireless Power Transfer by Using Solar Energy

This project is based on how to transmit electrical power without wires, using solar energy as source. The power is transferred wirelessly through an inductive coupling method. With this new discovery, we no longer need complicated with the cable passing around us, with Power without Wires (Wireless Electricity) we can use our electronic equipment such as TV, MP3 Player, HiFi Headset; everything works without the use of batteries or electrical wiring. In fact, mobile devices such as laptop batteries, mobile phone, or digital camera filled automatically, so once you enter the house, of course without having to plug in the cable. The project is offer to study and fabricate wireless power transfer by using inductive coupling. Experiments have been conducted and the wireless power transfer using inductive coupling can be transfer energy up to 10 cm

Olfactory Functions Difference on Gas Station Workers Using Sniffin’ Sticks Test

ABSTRACT Background: Chronic exposure of volatile substances can cause the impaired olfactory function. Objective: To identify the difference of olfactory function at Gas Station workers in Medan city. Method: Cross-sectional analitic study. A total of 80 persons consisting of 40 gas station operators and 40 non-operators who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The applied statistical analysis was Mann Whitney, Fisher's Exact, Chi Square, T independent, Spearman with 95% confidence level. Result: Proportion of the impaired olfactory function in the gas station operator group by 77.5% and non-operator group by 0%. Significant correlation was obtained between age, duration of work with the impaired olfactory function (p = 0,047, p = 0,001). The gas station  operators will suffer the impaired olfactory function if they works for ≥ 3.89 years. Conclusion: There were differences of olfactory functions on the gas station workers by using Sniffin 'Sticks Test