Optimization of multichip RFID tag antenna with genetic algorithm and method of moments

A specific procedure is implemented for the optimization of passive part of multichip RFID tag antenna, based on the performance parameter in terms of newly developed concepts. Examples are given and significant improvements have been observed comparing with previous results, which verifies the approach

Evaluación de la corrosión de una aleación Pb-Ca-Sn por medio de técnicas electroquímicas

Evaluation of corrosion of Pb-Ca-Sn alloy by electrochemical techniques Avaliação da corrosão na liga Pb-Ca-Sn através de técnicas eletroquímicas   Resumen En el presente trabajo, se evaluó la influencia del aumento de la temperatura en la velocidad de corrosión de la aleación Pb-Ca-Sn, componente primario de la rejilla negativa de una batería de arranque de automóvil, mediante técnicas electroquímicas: RPL, curvas potenciodinámicas, Tafel y EIS. Mediante microscopia óptica, SEM-EDS y DRX, se caracterizaron los compuestos formados sobre las rejillas durante los ensayos. La capa pasiva formada sobre las rejillas empleadas como cátodo y ánodo en baterías de plomo-ácido, permite el anclaje en la interfase rejilla-PAM (Material Activo Positivo) o NAM (Material Activo Negativo). Un mal proceso de formación de esta capa ocasiona el desprendimiento del PAM/NAM, conduciendo a fallas prematuras. La temperatura influye directamente sobre la cinética de degradación y la termodinámica de las reacciones redox que tienen lugar en el sistema rejilla-PAM/ NAM. Un incremento en la temperatura produce variaciones en la composición química, favoreciendo la formación de mezclas de óxidos y sulfatos en la interfase rejilla-PAM/NAM, cuyo volumen y estructura porosa la hace susceptible a fallas por esfuerzos triaxiales sobre la interfase, produciendo grietas y el desprendimiento del PAM o NAM y disminuyendo el tiempo de vida útil de la batería. Se encontró que las aleaciones Pb-Ca-Sn en solución 0,5M de H2SO4 forman un sistema multicapa comprobándose con base en los resultados obtenidos de EIS y SEM, con los cuales se detectó una capa compacta de PbO2 y una capa porosa de PbSO4. Al incrementar la temperatura se encontró una capa más porosa de PbSO4, lo cual implica una mayor cinética de corrosión de la aleación Pb-Ca-Sn. Palabras clave: batería plomo-ácido, material activo negativo, corrosión, técnicas electroquímicas.   Abstract In this paper, the influence of increasing temperature on the corrosion rate of Pb-Ca-Sn alloy, the primary component of the negative grid of a starter battery car, was evaluated by electrochemical techniques: RPL, potentiodynamic curves, Tafel and EIS. By optical microscopy, SEM -EDS and XRD, the compounds formed on the grids were characterized during testing. The passive layer formed on the grids used as cathode and anode in lead-acid batteries allows the anchor in grid-PAM interface (Positive Active Material) or NAM (Negative Active Material). A bad process of to form this layer produces the detachment of PAM/NAM, leading to premature failure. The temperature directly affects the kinetics and thermodynamics degradation of the redox reactions taking place in the system grid-PAM/NAM. An increase in temperature causes variations in the chemical composition, favoring the formation of oxides and sulphates mixtures in grid-PAM/NAM interface, its volume and porous structure make it susceptible to failure by tri-axial stress on the interface, producing cracks and detachment of PAM or NAM and reducing the lifetime of the battery. It was found that the Pb-Ca-Sn alloys in 0.5M H2SO4 solution form a multilayer system, verified by the results of EIS and SEM, in which a compact layer of PbO2 and porous layer by PbSO4 . Porous layer of PbSO4 was obtained, when the temperature was increased implying greater corrosion kinetics ofPb-Ca-Sn alloy were detected. Keywords:lead-acid battery, negative active material, corrosion, electrochemical techniques.   Resumo Neste trabalho, a influência do aumento da temperatura sobre a taxa de corrosão da liga de Pb-Ca-Sn, o principal componente da grade negativa da bateria de arranque de um carro, foi avaliada por técnicas eletroquímicas: RPL, curvas potenciodinâmica, Tafel e EIS. Por microscopia óptica, SEM- EDS e XRD, os compostos formados nas grades foram caracterizados durante o teste. A camada passiva formada nas grades usadas como cátodo e o ânodo em baterias de chumbo-ácido, permite a âncora na interface de rede-PAM (Material Positivo Ativo) ou NAM (negativo material ativo). Um mau processo de formar esta camada leva ao desenvolvimento de PAM/NAM,conduzindo a falhas prematuras. A temperatura afeta diretamente a cinética de degradação e termodinâmica das reações redox que ocorrem no grade- PAM/NAM sistema. Um aumento da temperatura faz com que as variações na composição química, favorecendo a formação de misturas de óxidos e sulfatos na interface grade-PAM/NAM, o volume e estrutura porosa tornam susceptíveis de falha por stress triaxial na interface, produzindo fissuras e desprendimento do PAM ou NAM e reduzindo o tempo de vida da bateria. Verificou-se que as ligas de Pb-Ca-Sn em solução 0,5M de H2SO4 formar um sistema de múltiplas camadas , a verificação com base nos resultados da EIA e SEM , com as quais foi detectada uma camada compacta de PbO2 e camada porosa PbSO4 . Ao aumentar a temperatura de uma camada porosa de PbSO4 foi encontrado, o que implica maiores cinética de corrosão de liga de Pb-Ca-Sn . Palavras-chave:bateria de chumbo-ácido, material ativo negativo, corrosão, técnicas eletroquímicas.    Estupiñán Duran HA, Peña Ballesteros DY, Quijano EA, Peñate RA. Evaluación de la corrosión de una aleación Pb-Ca-Sn por medio de técnicas electroquímicas. rev.ion. 2014;27(1):71-80

Infuence of the year and HMW glutenin subunits on end-use quality predictors if bread wheat waxy lines

The effects of environment and the high molecular weight glutenins on some quality properties (sedimentation volume, % protein content, and starch pasting viscosity) of bread wheat mutant waxy lines were evaluated. Thirty-eight 100% amylose-free F 2 derived F 6 and F 7 lines were used. The results indicated that the environment did not influence sedimentation volume, mixograph parameters and starch viscosity parameters of waxy flour. Variation in the % protein content was determined mainly by the environment. The sedimentation volume and the mixograph peak development time were influenced by the variation at over expression of Bx7 and the mixograph peak development time was influenced by the Glu-D1 locus. One starch viscosity parameter, time to peak viscosity, was influenced by variation at the Glu-A1 locus. This parameter is significantly lower in the waxy lines than the parent line, which shows the influence of the waxy loci. No significant correlation was observed for sedimentation volume, mixograph parameters, protein content and viscosity parameters of waxy line

Instituciones y Derecho Indiano en una renovada Historia de América

This historiographical essay addresses the scientific construction of the history of Spanish colonization in America through the institutions and the Derecho Indiano, promoted mainly by Rafael Altamira and José M. Ots Capdequí in the first half of the 20th Century. An interesting projection of that work can be observed initially in the first issues of the Anuario de Estudios Americanos of Seville.Este ensayo historiográfico trata acerca de la construcción científica de la historia de la colonización española en América a través de las instituciones y del derecho indiano, que en la primera mitad del siglo XX promovieron principalmente Rafael Altamira y José M. Ots Capdequí. Una interesante proyección de esa tarea se puede observar inicialmente en los primeros números del Anuario de Estudios Americanos de Sevilla

Bioelectricity Generated by Microbial Fuel Cells from Spearmint (Mentha Spicata) and Ribbon Plant (Chlorophytum Comosum)

Clean energy such as bioelectricity, a sustainable energy, obtains electricity associated with biological processes that do not generate greenhouse gases. The research aimed to produce bioelectricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that transform chemical energy stored in organic matter into electricity. Peppermint (Mentha spicata) and ribbon plant (Chlorophytum comosum) MFC were designed in the district of Yanacancha, Chupaca-Junín. For the experimental process, microbial fuel cells were built, 3 batteries for mint and 3 batteries for ribbon plant, using graphite rods as electrodes. The initial characterization of the soil used in the pile was carried out, and then the global solar radiation was measured during the operation of the pile. In the investigation, a greater bioelectricity was achieved when the pH and temperature of the soil of the microbial fuel cell were 7.04 and 10.80 °C in peppermint MFC and 6.43 and 12.83 °C in tape MFC where bioelectricity of 245.37 mV was generated, 601.15x10-6 W in peppermint MFC and 505.45 mV, 2552.52x10-6 W in ribbon MFC respectively, so the ribbon microbial fuel cell (MFC) was the most efficient for bioelectricity generation

Nos los Inquisidores apostolicos, contra la Heretica pravedad, y Apostasia, en esta Ciudad, y Arzobispado de Sevilla, con los Obispados de Cadiz, Zeuta, y sus Partidos, por Authoridad Apostolica, &c... Damos poder, y facultad, para que podais expurgar, y expurgueis los Libros siguientes ..

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 2007Precede al tít. [cristus]Texto firmado por: ": "Lic. D. Joseph Manuel Maeda y del Hoyo, Doct. D. Pedro Curiel y Doct. D. Joseph Domingo de Ribero Quixano"Texto fechado en Sevilla en 8 de Agosto de 1750Sign.: A

Muscle imaging in laminopathies: Synthesis study identifies meaningful muscles for follow-up

Introduction: Particular fibroadipose infiltration patterns have been recently described by muscle imaging in congenital and later onset forms of LMNA-related muscular dystrophies (LMNA-RD). Methods: Scores for fibroadipose infiltration of 23 lower limb muscles in 34 patients with LMNA-RD were collected from heat maps of 2 previous studies. Scoring systems were homogenized. Relationships between muscle infiltration and disease duration and age of onset were modeled with random forests. Results: The pattern of infiltration differs according to disease duration but not to age of disease onset. The muscles whose progression best predicts disease duration were semitendinosus, biceps femoris long head, gluteus medius, and semimembranosus. Discussion: In LMNA-RD, our synthetic analysis of lower limb muscle infiltration did not find major differences between forms with different ages of onset but allowed the identification of muscles with characteristic infiltration during disease progression. Monitoring of these specific muscles by quantitative MRI may provide useful imaging biomarkers in LMNA-RD. Muscle Nerve 58:812-817, 201

Rethinking justice beyond human rights. Anti-colonialism and intersectionality in the politics of the Palestinian Youth Movement

This article discusses the politics of the Palestinian Youth Movement (PYM) – a contemporary social movement operating across a number of Arab and western countries. Unlike analysis on the Arab Uprisings which focused on the national dimension of youth activism, we explore how the PYM politics fosters and upholds an explicitly transnational anti-colonial and intersectional solidarity framework, which foregrounds a radical critique of conventional notions of self-determination based on state-framed human rights discourses and international law paradigms. The struggle becomes instead framed as an issue of justice, freedom and liberation from interlocking forms and hierarchies of oppression. KEYWORDS: Palestine, transnational social movements, intersectionality, human rights, anti-colonialis

Resource sovereignties in Bolivia: re-conceptualising the relationship between indigenous identities and the environment during the TIPNIS conflict

This paper examines the active re-construction of indigenous identities within the Plurinational State of Bolivia through the case study of a resource conflict that arose with the government’s announcement of its intention to build a road through a national park and indigenous territory, the Territorio Indígena y Parque Nacional Isiboro Sécure (TIPNIS; Indigenous Territory and Isiboro Sécure National Park). Ethnographic fieldwork shows that both the state and the lowland indigenous movement have fashioned essentialised understandings of an indigenous identity linked to the environment in order to legitimise competing resource sovereignty claims