5,505 research outputs found
Starch grains from human teeth reveal the plant consumption of proto-Shang people (c. 2000–1600 BC) from Nancheng site, Hebei, China
Bioarchaeolog
Charge transfer electrostatic model of compositional order in perovskite alloys
We introduce an electrostatic model including charge transfer, which is shown
to account for the observed B-site ordering in Pb-based perovskite alloys. The
model allows charge transfer between A-sites and is a generalization of
Bellaiche and Vanderbilt's purely electrostatic model. The large covalency of
Pb^{2+} compared to Ba^{2+} is modeled by an environment dependent effective
A-site charge. Monte Carlo simulations of this model successfully reproduce the
long range compositional order of both Pb-based and Ba-based complex
A(BB^{'}B^{''})O_3 perovskite alloys. The models are also extended to study
systems with A-site and B-site doping, such as
(Na_{1/2}La_{1/2})(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3,
(Ba_{1-x}La_{x})(Mg_{(1+x)/3}Nb_{(2-x)/3})O_3 and
(Pb_{1-x}La_{x})(Mg_{(1+x)/3}Ta_{(2-x)/3})O_3. General trends are reproduced by
purely electrostatic interactions, and charge transfer effects indicate that
local structural relaxations can tip the balance between different B-site
orderings in Pb based materials.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure
A Spitzer high resolution mid-infrared spectral atlas of starburst galaxies
We present an atlas of Spitzer/IRS high resolution (R~600) 10-37um spectra
for 24 well known starburst galaxies. The spectra are dominated by
fine-structure lines, molecular hydrogen lines, and emission bands of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Six out of the eight objects with a known AGN
component show emission of the high excitation [NeV] line. This line is also
seen in one other object (NGC4194) with, a priori, no known AGN component. In
addition to strong polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission features in this
wavelength range (11.3, 12.7, 16.4um), the spectra reveal other weak
hydrocarbon features at 10.6, 13.5, 14.2um, and a previously unreported
emission feature at 10.75um. An unidentified absorption feature at 13.7um is
detected in many of the starbursts. We use the fine-structure lines to derive
the abundance of neon and sulfur for 14 objects where the HI 7-6 line is
detected. We further use the molecular hydrogen lines to sample the properties
of the warm molecular gas. Several basic diagrams characterizing the properties
of the sample are also shown. We have combined the spectra of all the pure
starburst objects to create a high S/N template, which is available to the
community.Comment: 25 pages (emulate apj), 6 tables, 14 figures, Accepted for
publication in ApJ
Low-to-high confinement transition mediated by turbulence radial wave number spectral shift in a fusion plasma
RXJ1716.6+6708: a young cluster at z=0.81
Clusters of galaxies at redshifts nearing one are of special importance since
they may be caught at the epoch of formation. At these high redshifts there are
very few known clusters. We present follow-up ASCA, ROSAT HRI and Keck LRIS
observations of the cluster RXJ1716.6+6708 which was discovered during the
optical identification of X-ray sources in the North Ecliptic Pole region of
the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. At z=0.809, RXJ1716.6+6708 is the second most distant
X-ray selected cluster so far published and the only one with a large number of
spectroscopically determined cluster member velocities. The optical morphology
of RXJ1716.6+6708 resembles an inverted S-shape filament with the X-rays coming
from the midpoint of the filament. The X-ray contours have an elongated shape
that roughly coincide with the weak lensing contours. The cluster has a low
temperature, kT=5.66{+1.37 -0.58} keV, and a very high velocity dispersion
sigma_{los}=1522{+215 -150} km s^{-1}. While the temperature is commensurate
with its X-ray luminosity of (8.19 +/- 0.43)x10^{44} h_{50}^{-2} erg s^{-1}
(2-10 keV rest frame), its velocity dispersion is much higher than expected
from the sigma-T_X relationship of present-day clusters with comparable X-ray
luminosity. RXJ1716.6+6708 could be an example of a protocluster, where matter
is flowing along filaments and the X-ray flux is maximum at the impact point of
the colliding streams of matter.Comment: Latex file, 18 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the
Astronomical Journa
Inhibitory role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in hepatocarcinogenesis in mice and in vitro
Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist have been shown to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, the role of PPARγ in hepatocarcinogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of PPAR
What is Intellectual Freedom Today? An Invitation to Think the Event
The pubmed search term “pastoris[Title] AND (express[Title] OR produced[Title] OR expression[Title] OR production[Title])” yielded 877 hits in December 2008, dated from 1987 to 2009. At the same time, the search term “pastoris[Title] AND (bioreactor[Title] OR fed-batch[Title] OR continuous[Title] OR fermentations[Title] OR large-scale[Title] OR fermentation[Title] OR pilot[Title])” returned 92 hits –published between 1990 and 2009. This analysis is somewhat superficial and ostentatious, but it suggests that the majority of researchers publishing on Pichia use it as a tool for rather than an object of their work. This is not to say that the majority should change their focus, but in fact researchers sometimes face difficulties when the need to obtain useful amounts of a target protein produced in Pichia calls for scale-up from the benchtop protocols to a bioreactor-based process. This chapter attempts to provide a reliable protocol for AOX1-driven bioreactor production of secreted scFvs or other proteins
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